Ekugcineni sekukhona uhulumeni omusha eSpain futhi kunemikhakha eminingi efakwe kuhlu ezimakethe zezimali ezizolinyazwa futhi zihlomule ngezinyathelo ezivunyelwe kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Kepha ukuthi kungani zingakhelwa amasiginali we sakhe iphothifoliyo yethu elandelayo ekutshalweni kwemali. Ngenhloso yokwenza ngcono imiphumela yenkomba ekhethiwe yemakethe yamasheya aseSpain, i-Ibex 35. Lapho kungenzeka khona ukweqa imingcele yokulamula yale nkomba yesitoko. Kulokho okungalungiswa njengecebo lokutshala imali elinenzuzo enkulu.
Kulesi simo esisha esethulwe yipolitiki kazwelonke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha izikhundla kulawo magugu angaziphatha kahle kusuka manje. Lapho okwehlukahlukana kungaba phezulu kakhulu futhi ekupheleni konyaka umehluko ungafinyelela ku-10% noma ushuba kakhulu. Ngokwalokhu kubuka, kufanelekile ukusebenzisa lezi zihlungi ukukhetha amanani amahle kakhulu onyakeni futhi ulungise kangcono inzuzo engenzeka yemisebenzi eyenziwe kulezi zinyanga ezizayo. Ngazo zonke izinzuzo ezivezwe yilezi zinhlangano ezimakethe zezimali zikazwelonke.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele futhi sibe nomthelela eqinisweni lokukhetha izindinganiso ezizuzisa kakhulu ekubunjweni kukahulumeni omusha ezweni lethu. Ngoba empeleni, kungenza umehluko omkhulu wama-euro amaningi ku-akhawunti yokulondoloza ekugcineni. Ngoba ingxenye enhle yabahlaziyi bezezimali bayavumelana ngokuthile ukuthi kusukela manje ngeke kube khona okunye abangakwenza ngaphandle kokuningi khetha ngokwengeziwe ezimakethe zezimali zaseSpain. Ukusebenza kwalezi zimpahla zezezimali kuzohlala kuhle njalo futhi kunganikeza injabulo engaphezu kweyodwa kubatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Ngemiphumela ezokumangaza ngokusebenza kwayo okuhle.
Imikhakha ehlomulile: amandla aluhlaza
Akungabazeki ukuthi le ngxenye izoba inkanyezi enkulu yemakethe yamasheya yaseSpain ezinyangeni ezizayo futhi inamandla okubuyekeza okungabaluleka ngaphezu kwalokhu kusuka manje. Lapho kungenzeki ukukhohlwa ukuthi ziyizinzuzo esingaziqoqa ngalokhu ngokuthatha izikhundla kumagugu alezi zici. Ngokuvamile zimelwe yizindinganiso zomkhakha kagesi onamandla kazwelonke futhi ngokungangabazeki lokho kuzokwenza kangcono kunabanye abameleli bezimakethe eziqhubekayo zikazwelonke. Yize zihlanganisa amazinga aphezulu ekuthengeni kwayo ngokweqile futhi lokho kungaholela ekulungisweni kwesikhashana.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona nolunye uchungechunge lwamanani amancane abandakanyeka emigqeni yebhizinisi ehlobene namandla aluhlaza. Ngezinga lokuntengantenga elibaluleke ukwedlula kweminye imikhakha engaphandle kwalolu hlobo lwebhizinisi ngamandla. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele futhi kugcizelelwe ukuthi lezi zinkampani ezibalulwe ukubheja okusobala hhayi kuphela esikhathini esizayo, kepha nakulesi samanje, njengoba kungabonakala okwamanje yingxenye enkulu yabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi naphakathi. Ngokukhombisa ukuthi lezi zenzo zingaba nenzuzo enkulu ezenzweni zabambalwa.
Imisebenzi yomphakathi: ukwakhiwa okwengeziwe
Izinkampani zokwakha zingenye yemikhakha ehlomulile ngokungena kuhulumeni omusha. Hhayi ngeze, kuzosayinwa izinkontileka ezintsha emisebenzini yomphakathi noma okufanayo, kuzoba nokwakhiwa okuningi kusukela manje. Futhi lezi zenzo kufanele ziqoqwe yizinkampani ezisemkhakheni ezibhalwe emakethe kazwelonke eqhubekayo. Ngokwazisa okungenzeka kwezenzo zabo ezinyangeni ezizayo. Kufike ezingeni lokuthi bangakwazi hola izintaba ezimakethe zezimali zezwe lethu. Ngaphezulu kweminye imikhakha enamasu futhi ebaluleke kakhulu ekumisweni kwamazinga enkomba ekhethiwe yemakethe yamasheya aseSpain, i-Ibex 35.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, lesi sigaba sezinkampani singaba yithuba lebhizinisi ngalesi sikhathi sokuzama ukukhulisa inzuzo yephothifoliyo yethu yokutshala imali. Ngaphezu kwamanye amasu nawo avame ukusebenza kahle kulezi zimo ezikhetheke kakhulu futhi ngaphandle kokungabaza angakunika ukuphepha okukhulu ekusebenzeni kusukela manje. Ngokufanayo, ingasebenza njengesiphephelo ezimweni ezingezinhle neze ezimakethe zezimali. Njengoba kwenzekile ekuvivinyweni kwangaphambilini futhi lokho kungasebenza njengolwazi kwezinye zalezi zimo.
Abalimele: okwenziwa kwemithi
Akungabazeki ukuthi lo mkhakha ungaba ngenye yezimbi kakhulu ngokufika kukahulumeni omusha. Ngenxa yezinyathelo ezingenzeka ku- ukuhoxiswa kwe-copayment kumuthi kadokotela othathe umhlalaphansi nokuthi bangahlehlisa izinzuzo zalezi zinkampani ezisohlwini. Lapho amanani abo angehla ezinyangeni eziyishumi nambili ezizayo. Ngakho-ke, kuwumkhakha okufanele ube semaceleni ezinyangeni ezizayo ukugwema inkinga eyinqaba kuphothifoliyo yakho yokutshala imali. Ukuyiphambukisela kweminye imikhakha engaba nenzuzo enkulu kusuka manje.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungumkhakha okuthi ngandlela thile ukhuliswe ngokweqile ngakho-ke amanani entengo ayo kufanele alungiswe abe yiqiniso ngemiphumela yebhizinisi lawo. Yini ephethe ukulungiswa ezimweni eziningi futhi lokho kungaholela ekuweleni ngaphezu kwamadijithi aphindwe kabili. Akumangazi-ke ukuthi, ngeke kulibaleke ukuthi izinkampani ezikulo mkhakha kube ngezinye zalezo ezazise kakhulu ngonyaka owedlule. Kwamanye amacala angaphezulu kwama-20% nokuthi ngaphandle kokungabaza kuzofanele balungise ngokushesha kunangakamuva ngakho-ke akukufanele ukuthi uthathe izikhundla kunoma yiliphi lalawa masheya.
Abasebenza ngogesi ngokuzivikela
Lapho kubhekwa ukuthi yimaphi amanani athinteka kakhulu ukufika kukahulumeni omusha, izinkampani ezisemkhakheni kagesi kufanele zibhekwe njalo. Ngoba kulokhu bangazwela ku-a ukulungiswa kwesilinganiso banikela kumakhasimende abo. Kunoma ikuphi, kufanele banake kakhulu izinyathelo ezingathathwa yisiphathimandla ezinyangeni ezizayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngeke kulibaleke ukuthi izinkampani zikagesi zikhuphuke ngenani ngaphezulu kuka-20% ezinyangeni eziyishumi nambili ezedlule kanti lesi yisimo okuzodingeka ukuthi basilungise ngesikhathi esithile. Njengezinga lokuthengwa ngokweqile abakulo njengamanje futhi lokho kuyisimo esivimbele ukuthi bakhule ekucushweni kwamanani abo esigabeni sokugcina sonyaka odlule.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinkampani ezisemkhakheni kagesi zingakhombisa ubuthakathaka obukhulu ngenxa yalezi zinyathelo uhulumeni wezwe lethu angazithatha kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Ngamazinga athile ezimpophomeni angamangaza ukuma kwawo nokuthi manje bekungakaze kube khona ezimweni zemakethe yesitoko sikazwelonke. Ngaphandle kwezwe lobuchwepheshe nelisisekelo lapho kutholakala khona lezi ziphepho. Ngisho nokubona ukuthi ezinye zalezi zinkampani zidlulise isimo samahhala sonyaka ophelile nokuthi yiso esinenzuzo enkulu ezimakethe zezimali. Phakathi kwezinye izizathu ngoba abanakho ukumelana phambili ngakho-ke banamandla amakhulu phambili futhi lokho kwenza abatshalizimali abaningi abancane nabaphakathi bathathe izikhundla ukwenza imali yabo etholakalayo izuze ekutshalweni kwemali.
Izintela ezintsha emabhange
Yiziphi izinkampani ezingalimaza uhulumeni omusha? Yebo, ngokungangabazeki angamabhange ngenxa yentela entsha engabekwa emandleni ezombusazwe. Ukufika ezingeni lokuthi ingaba nemiphumela ku- inzuzo yalezi zinhlangano zezezimali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akukwazi ukukhohlwa ukuthi lezi zinkampani ezifakwe kuhlu zivela esikhathini esingavuni kakhulu izintshisekelo zebhizinisi labo. Lapho kushiywe ama-euro amaningi endleleni futhi lapho abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi bathinteke kakhulu ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi inani lotshalo-mali lwabo lwehlile kulesi sikhathi.
Futhi kungakhohlwa ukuthi lezi zintela zingaba nomthelela kwiklayenti ngokukhulisa amakhomishini abo. Futhi lokhu kuyiqiniso elingakuthuthukisi ukwethembana phakathi kwezinhlangothi zombili kule nqubo yebhizinisi. Ngenkathi ekugcineni, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lo ngomunye wemikhakha engabazeka kakhulu ezinyangeni ezedlule nokuthi kwezinye izimo baye emlandweni ophansi. Ukusuka lapho okungenzeka badwebe khona iphethini kusuka lapho bengakhula khona ngokuvumelana kwamanani abo kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Lokhu okungenani kuyisifiso sengxenye enhle yabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi ekubhekaneni nalokho okungenzeka kulo nyaka cishe omusha. Yize kunjalo ngeke kube umgomo olula kakhulu ukuhlangana.