Ubudlelwano obukhona phakathi kwalabo abakhona izimali zokukhokha futhi i-Euribor ingaphezu kokuqondile. Akumangalisi ukuthi eyokugcina yireferensi okuyiyo kuxhumane iningi lemalimboleko yempahla ebanjiswayo. Futhi ukuthi eminyakeni yamuva ivumele imigqa yesikweletu yokuthengwa kwekhaya yenziwe ibe semthethweni ngaphansi kwezimo zokuncintisana ngokunikela ngamanani wenzalo angcono akhonjiswa kukwahlukaniswa okuphakanyiswe yizikhungo zezezimali eziphethe ukumaketha lo mkhiqizo wezezimali odingeka kakhulu phakathi kwabasebenzisi.
Ezimalini ezibolekwayo ze-7.129 ezinezinguquko ezimweni zazo, ama-41,4% kungenxa yezinguquko kumanani wenzalo, ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva enikezwe yiNational Institute of Statistics (INE). Ngemuva kokushintsha kwezimo, iphesenti lemali mboleko yamanani amisiwe lenyuke lisuka ku-12,0% laya ku-17,2%, kanti lelo lempahla yemali eguqukayo yehle isuka ku-87,2% yaya ku-81,7%. I-Euribor yisilinganiso lapho iphesenti eliphakeme kakhulu lemali mboleko eguqukayo libhekisa kukho, zombili ngaphambi koshintsho (74,5%), ngemuva (75,5%).
Ngoba i-Euribor yisilinganiso sokulinganisa saseYurophu sokuxhumanisa imali ebanjwayo. Kuthathe indawo yabanye abebengasebenzi kahle ekwenzeni lo msebenzi wokuthengiswa kwezindlu. Kwezinye izimo ngoba lezi zibenchmark seziphelelwe yisikhathi ngokuphelele futhi kwezinye ngenxa yokunyamalala kwazo kusenesikhathi. Kunoma ikuphi, kufanele ucace bha ukuthi i-Euribor izokuthinta uma uya khipha isilinganiso semali mboleko eguqukayo. Akukaze kulawo aboshwe esilinganisweni esinqunyiwe ngoba alawulwa ngamanye amapharamitha ahluke ngokuphelele.
Yini i-Euribor enikezayo?
Ukuxhumanisa imalimboleko yokubolekwa kwemali kulesi silinganiso saseYurophu okwamanje kusizuzisa kakhulu izintshisekelo zakho. Ngoba itholakala kumazinga aphansi omlando nasendaweni engemihle. Khona manje, i-Euribor ingu - 0,191%, njengomphumela wentengo eshibhile yemali yi-European Central Bank (ECB). Futhi lokho sekuholele ekutheni intengo yemali ingabaluleki manje ngokuphelele. Okusho ukuthi, itholakala ku-0%. Ngakho-ke unentshisekelo yokuyiqasha ngoba ungonga ama-euro ambalwa ngokuqhathaniswa namanye amabhentshi wesibili.
Iqiniso lokuthi i-Euribor okwamanje iphansi kakhulu kwenza ukuthi imali mboleko ibize kancane uma uyibhalisa njengamanje. Phakathi kwezinye izizathu zokuthi kungani uzokhokha ezinye izitolimende ezikhokha kancane ngenyanga kuze kube yiminyaka embalwa edlule. Akumangalisi ukuthi lo mkhiqizo wezezimali wethulwa ngokungasabalali okunzima kangako. Ukufika lapho ekunikezelweni kwebhange njengamanje ungathola ukusabalala okungaphansi kwe-1%.
Izimalimboleko ezintsha nezishibhile
Njengoba imali ebolekwayo emisha isisezingeni eliphansi ngokomlando, kuzothakazelisa kakhulu ukwenza ngokusemthethweni kusukela kulo mzuzu. Akumangalisi ukuthi kungakusindisa phakathi kwephuzu elilodwa noma amabili wamaphesenti ngaphezu kwamakhredithi weminyaka edlule. Kepha kukhona neminye imiphumela emibi ongazuza kuyo. Enye yazo yi- ukukhululwa kwekhomishini nezinye izindleko ekuphathweni nasekugcinweni kwayo. Njengomphumela wokuvela kokuhle kokuhle kwenkomba yokuma yaseYurophu. Lokhu kungaholela ekubeni ukwazi ukunciphisa imali oyikhokha nyangazonke ngama-euro angaphezu kwekhulu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, futhi kusho ukuthuthuka ezimeni zokuqashwa futhi lokho kubonakala ngokuthi kufanele uzikhokhele imali encane minyaka yonke. Kodwa-ke, lesi simo ngeke sihlale unomphela futhi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi i- amanani wenzalo endaweni ye-euro. Ngalokho, lokhu okubonakalayo kuzodluliselwa ku-Euribor. Lokho wukuthi, ngeke kusaba khona amaphesenti alungele inzuzo yakho. Ngokuphambene nemali mboleko yamanani amisiwe engeke ithonywe yilesi simo. Ngoba ngalolu hlobo lwezezimali uzohlala ukhokha ngokufanayo njalo ngenyanga. Noma yini eyenzekayo ezimakethe zezezimali. Ngakho-ke, kuzokunikeza ukuthula kwengqondo okukhulu ngoba uzokwazi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi yini okufanele uyikhokhele ukuthola inkontileka yalo mkhiqizo wezezimali.
Kuxhunywe kuphela kusilinganiso esiguqukayo
Esinye isici esingaqapheleki ukuthi i-benchmark yaseYurophu, i-Euribor, ixhunyaniswa kuphela nemali ebolekwayo yamanani eguqukayo. Ngoba zincike ezinhlotsheni lezo ukunquma izimakethe zezimali yalesi sigaba sokusebenza kwezezakhiwo. Ngoba kuyinkomba esungulwe endaweni ye-euro ukuhlanganisa inqubo yokufunwa kwemali mboleko yempahla. Lapho uzokhokha ngokususelwa ekuguqukeni kwama-indices ebhentshini. Akusoze kwafana, kepha kuzoshintsha kakhulu eminyakeni. Okwenzekayo ukuthi manje kunenzuzo enkulu ukuxhumanisa lo mkhiqizo ngemali ye-Euribor.
Kulesi simo esivamile, awukwazi ukukhohlwa ukuthi amabhange asebenzisa iphesenti kuwe ngenani le-Euribor. Lokhu yilokho okubizwa ngomehluko, okungukuthi, ukuthi imali mboleko yempahla oyibolekile izokubiza malini ngempela. Okwamanje, le micimbi iyangena iqembu elisuka ku-1% liye ku-3%. Ngakho-ke, akufanele unake ngokukhethekile ukuthi ibhentshimakhi laseYurophu lenza kanjani. Uma kungenjalo, kunalokho, kumehluko ohlinzekwa yisikhungo sezezimali. Ekupheleni kosuku, kulapho imali oyokhokha njalo ngenyanga izophuma khona.
Umsuka we-Euribor
Le nkomba lapho iningi lemalimboleko yempahla exhunywe kuyo iyisichazamazwi se-Euro Interbank Offered Rate. Lokho, futhi ukuze uyiqonde kangcono, wuhlobo lwaseYurophu lokunikezwa kwe-interbank. Kunoma ikuphi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi amanani ukuthi okulindelwe ukwenziwa kwenqubomgomo yemali ye-European Central Bank (ECB) kungakahunyushwa, njengoba kungenzeka kulindeleke, ukubuyela emuva okulindelwe kwale nkomba. Lokhu kusho ukuthi bekungeke kumangaze kakhulu ukuthi ezinyangeni ezizayo kungenzeka ukuthi ibuye nentengo yayo. Njengakwezinye izimpahla zezezimali.
Komunye umthambo, i-Euribor ingaba ne- isikhathi esifushane, esimaphakathi nesikhathi eside ngakho-ke ishicilelwa ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene: unyaka, izinyanga eziyi-9, izinyanga eziyisithupha, izinyanga ezi-6, inyanga e-3, amaviki ama-1, amasonto ama-3, iviki eli-2, nsuku zonke. Ukuqongelela kubalulekile ekubuyekezweni kwemali mboleko yasebhange nemalimboleko yempahla ebanjiswayo. Ngoba uzokhokha ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi kwemali yakho yenyanga kuye ngokuvela kwezinyanga zokugcina. Lesi ngesinye sezizathu esenza lo mthombo wenkomba ushibhile okwamanje. Kufike ezingeni lokwamukela kakhulu okufunwa ngamakhasimende.
I-Euribor Plus: kuyini?
Kunoma ikuphi, kukhona okuhlukile kwalesi sithenjwa esizosetshenziswa endaweni ye-euro ezinyangeni ezizayo. Sibhekisa kulokho okubizwa nge-Euribor Plus. Uqukethe ini? Yebo, entweni elula njengokuthi izonikeza ngezinga elikhulu lokubonisa obala ekusebenzeni kwalezi zici. Ngesizathu ozoqonda ngaso ngaphandle kobunzima obukhulu ngoba lo mthombo omusha wesethenjwa kubambiso lobambiso uzosekelwa mayelana nokusebenza okwenziwe, hhayi ngokulinganisa, njengoba kuze kube manje kwenzeka nge-Euribor. Kodwa-ke, alukabikho usuku oluqondile lokuhlala esikhaleni esivamile saseYurophu. Ngesakhiwo esifana kakhulu nalesi.
Kunoma ikuphi, uma inhloso yakho kungukuhlola amanye amathuba ngesikhathi kwenziwa lolu hlobo lwesikweletu ngokusemthethweni, ungangabazi ukuthi unezinketho eziningi zokuxhumanisa lo msebenzi namanye amabhentshi. Kufanele ukwazi lokho zonke zisemthethweni futhi zishicilelwe yiBhange LaseSpain, ukwazi ukuzikhetha ngaphandle kwanoma iluphi uhlobo lomkhawulo. Kuzodingeka uhlole kuphela ukuthi iyiphi imodeli efanele iphrofayili yakho njengokwehlisa lolu hlobo lwemikhiqizo yasebhange. Yize ngokwedatha yakamuva esemthethweni abamele ngaphezu kwe-9% yemisebenzi esayinwe ngonyaka odlule.
Amanye amabhentshi
Ezinye zezimbangi ze-Euribor zakhiwa yi Izinhlangano ze-IRPH (Reference Index of Mortgage Loans), esetshenziswa cishe yi-8% yemali mboleko etholakale ezweni laseSpain. Ngenkathi kwenzeka okuphambene nalokho, enye yezinye izindlela ihlanganiswe kulokho okuthiwa I-IRS (Ukushintshaniswa Kwesilinganiso Senzalo). Kuyinkomba ehlukile lapho ungaxhumanisa khona nemali mboleko. Yize kulokhu - nokugcina ukufana okuthile ne-Euribor Plus - kukhombisa ukuvela kwamazinga wenzalo yeminyaka emihlanu. Umehluko omkhulu osuka kumthombo wenkomba okuyiyona ndaba yale ndatshana.
Ekugcineni, ibuye ibe khona, yize isendaweni ecacile yokufunwa kwamakhasimende, i- mibor (I-Madrid InterBank Offered Rate). Kulesi senzakalo, ngaphansi kwenani lenzalo ye-interbank esetshenziswa emakethe yenhlokodolobha yaseMadrid. Kodwa-ke, ilahlekelwe amandla eyathuthukisa ngawo-80 nango-90. Kunoma ikuphi, kuzoba kuwe ukuthi unquma ukuthi iyiphi ozoyixhumanisa nemali mboleko ozoyiqasha. Lapho i-Euribor ihamba phambili kuzo zonke lezi zinkomba. Kuzo zonke izimo, kuzodingeka ukuthi uhlole ukuthi iyiphi imodeli efanele iphrofayili yakho njengommangali walolu hlobo lwemikhiqizo yasebhange.