Bonke abatshalizimali bayazi ukuthi imali ihlale yesaba nokunye okuningi kwezimo ngokungaqiniseki okukhethekile. Njengoba kwenzeka okwamanje neSpain ngenxa yesimo esiseCatalonia. Omunye wemiphumela le nqubo yezenhlalo nezepolitiki enayo ngukuthi ukuhamba kwemali emhlabeni jikelele bathuthela kwezinye izindawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasheya eSpain akhombisa ukuguquguquka okukhulu kunezinye izimakethe zamasheya ezingaphandle kwemingcele yethu. Ngokuwa kwenkomba kazwelonke eyinhloko, i-Ibex 35, ngaphezulu kwamazinga we-2% kwezinye izikhathi ngesonto eledlule.
Le miphumela ibuye ibeke abatshalizimali abaningi abancane nabaphakathi abakhona ukulungisa izikhundla zabo emakethe yamasheya ngokwesaba ukuthi isimo esibi kakhulu kungenzeka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, enye ingxenye enhle yabasindisi - labo abasesimweni soketshezi - abazimisele ukuhlanganisa kabusha ezimakethe zezezimali. Ngisho nangaphambi kokuwa kwamanani athile ngaphezulu kwesilinganiso futhi okwamanje kubonisa amanani asikisela ngaphezulu. Akumangalisi ukuthi ukungabaza okubahlaselayo kunamandla kunezifiso ezingena esikhwameni futhi futhi ukusizakala wezinyanga zokugcina zonyaka. Isikhathi esihlale sihle kakhulu kuzintshisekelo zabo bonke abatshalizimali.
Izimakethe ze-equity, empeleni, azinikezi akukho uphawu lokungena, kodwa kunalokho okuphambene. Yize lesi sizathu esifanayo singakhuthaza abatshalizimali abanolaka kakhulu ekufuneni kwabo amathuba amasha ebhizinisi. Okuzovela ngokungangabazeki kulezi zinsuku ezinzima. Hhayi kuphela emakethe yamasheya, kodwa kusuka kwezinye izimakethe ezihlukile. Njengesibonelo, lezo zezinto zokusetshenziswa, izinsimbi eziyigugu noma ngisho nezimali uqobo. Kuze kube yilapho uvalo selubambe isifiso sabo sokubuyela ezimakethe zezezimali. Yize ukhiye uzolala ekwazini kuze kube yimuphi umzuzu.
Imali ebalekela izimali
Kunoma ikuphi, izindaba zokuqala eziqinisekisa lesi simo esikhathazayo iqiniso lokuthi kukhona ukuphuma kwesibili kwezimali zokulingana kuwo wonke umlando. Lokhu kubonakala ngokwedatha enikezwe yi-US consultant EPFR, ehlaziya ukuhamba kwemali isonto ngalinye. Ngalo mqondo, ukwazile ukukuthwebula lokhu indiza yenhlokodolobha eya kwezinye izindawo, ngisho ezinye zazo ziyavela. Okuthile okuqhakambisa ubucayi bezikhathi iSpain ebidlule kuzo amasonto ambalwa. Ngaphandle kokufuduswa kwezinkampani zaseCatalan ziye kwezinye izingxenye zeJografi yaseSpain. Phakathi kwezinye izindawo eMadrid, eValencia noma eBalearic Islands.
Enye yemininingwane efanelekile ukuthi kutholakala ukuthi los Izimali zokulingana zomhlaba wonke zathola ama- $ 11.500 billion ngalelo sonto. Lokhu kusebenza mhlawumbe amazinga angabonwa emasontweni angama-20 edlule. Futhi lokho kukhomba ubusha balezi zinhlangano ezibalulekile emhlabeni womhlaba ohlale unzima wemali. Akumangalisi ukuthi kuyidatha yobuciko obumangalisayo nokuhlukile. Futhi lokho kuthinteka ngisho nangabatshalizimali bakazwelonke uqobo. Lapho ingxenye enhle yabo ilungisa izikhundla zabo zokutshala imali. Ngesisindo esiphansi semakethe yezwe.
Ukuhamba ezikhwameni zomhlaba
Vele, kumangaza kakhulu ukuthi ochwepheshe be-EPFR bagqamisa ukuthi “izimali ezitshala izimali zomhlaba wonke ziye zabhekana imali engenayo enkulu kusukela maphakathi no-May ”. Kube ukunyakaza okumangazayo kakhulu kubo bonke selokhu kukhiqizwe isikhashana. Ikakhulukazi kusukela ngoSepthemba odlule nangemva kokudlanga kwemicimbi eyenzeka eCatalonia. Manje kusazokwaziwa ukuthi ngabe lezi zenzo zizomisa yini noma, kunalokho, zizoba nzima kakhulu kusukela emasontweni ambalwa ezayo noma ngisho nasezinyangeni. Isici abaphathi bamazwe omhlaba abasazi kahle. Akumangalisi ukuthi kuningi okudlalwayo ngalezi zinhlangano.
Izimali ezitshala imali ku- amazwe asakhulayo Bangabanye babahlomuli abakhulu bale nhloso kulezi zinsuku ezedlule. Ukufika ezingeni lokuthi ingenye yezindawo ezithandwayo zabatshalizimali. Le mininingwane efanele isuselwa ekutheni bafinyelele endaweni ephezulu kulolu hlobo lwesikhwama kusukela kwikota yesithathu yonyaka wezi-2014. Noma unamathuba angcono kakhulu kunalokho ongakuthola ezimakethe zikazwelonke. Ngale ndlela, ukuhamba kwemali nakho kuye ezimakethe ezincane emvelweni yethu. Njengesibonelo, iFinland ne-Austria, phakathi kokunye okuhambisana kakhulu ngalo mzuzu oqondile.
Imicimbi yokunciphisa imakethe yamasheya yaseSpain
Enye yezinto ezijwayele ukwenzeka kumhlaba wokutshalwa kwezimali ukuthi imakethe yamasheya kuzwelonke ine- Ukuziphatha kubi kakhulu ukwedlula okwaseYurophu. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuba ngomunye wezinkomba ezimbi kakhulu ekuziphendukeleni kwayo ngalezi zinsuku ezinzima ezigcwele ukwesaba nokungaqiniseki. Ngokuwa kwezinye zezinsuku ezingaphezulu kuka-2%, ngenkathi kuma-indices ezwekazi elidala ukulahlekelwa kwengxenye yephesenti kuphela. Isibonakaliso esikhulu kunazo zonke sokuthi kukhona okwenzekayo ngempela ezimakethe zezimali zezwe lethu.
Ngalo mqondo, okungenzeka phakathi namasonto ambalwa alandelayo kuzobaluleke kakhulu. Ukunquma ukuthi ngabe umcimbi wesikhashana ngempela yini noma uma okuphikisayo kuzoba neminye imiphumela emibi kakhulu yokongiwa kwabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Kuzoba yindaba yesikhathi ukwazi ukuthi yini i- umfutho wangempela walokhu kwehla. Ukuze ngale ndlela, ungakulungela ukuvula izikhundla ezimakethe zamasheya zaseSpain uma lokhu kuvezwa ekuhlaziyweni kwalo kwezobuchwepheshe. Ngoba isaphulelo semali eguquguqukayo kazwelonke maqondana naleyo yamanye amazwe ezwekazi elidala kuzoba ngaphezulu kokufanelekile.
Ukunciphisa ukukhula komnotho
Esinye isici lapho imicimbi yaseCatalonia isiqala ukuqashelwa ukukhula komnotho. Ngoba sekuvele kukhona ukubuyekeza okuphansi kwefayela le- Umkhiqizo wonyaka wonke ohlangene (GDP). Uhulumeni usevele ukuthathela phansi ukuthi le parameter izokwehla kancane okweshumi ukuze kutholakale ukwanda komnotho. Kungenye yezimpawu zokuthi iCatalonia ingawuthinta kanjani umnotho waseSpain futhi ikakhulukazi ukukhula kwawo. Lapho ngingahle ngithinte khona ukubhaliswa kokungasebenzi okuphezulu kubantu baseSpain. Ngenxa yokubuyekezwa okuphansi kwe-GDP manje okulinganiselwa ukuthi kube ngaphezu kuka-2,50% nge-3% elinganiselwa kuze kube manje.
Kepha lezi zinguquko aziveli kuphela kubaphathi bakazwelonke. Kepha komzimba ofanele njengoba kunjalo IsiKhwama Sezimali Zomhlaba Wonke (IMF). Kusho ukuthi le micimbi ingathinta ezomnotho, kokubili iSpain noMphakathi. Baveza ukuthi kumele kube nesixazululo esisheshayo ukugwema noma yiluphi uhlobo lwezehlakalo ezimakethe zezimali. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, uvalo selusabalele nasemingceleni yethu. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi ziyabonakala ezimpahleni ezehlukene zezimali ezibalwe ezimakethe. Yinto okufanele ihlelelwe ukuqinisekisa ukonga kusuka manje kuqhubeke.
Awukho umthelela emikhiqizweni
Ngokuphambene nalokho, lezi zinhlobo zokonga azithonywa yile micimbi yaseCatalonia. Okungenani, okwamanje futhi inqobo nje uma kungekho miphumela engaphezulu kobuchwepheshe nje kulesi sigaba se- imikhiqizo yezezimali. Ngembuyiselo efanayo kuze kube manje. Lapho imali yesikhathi noma ama-akhawunti emali engenayo eza ku-1%. Yebo, ngalo mqondo uzoqhubeka nokuthola inani elifanayo nanamuhla. Akuyona imiphumela yanoma yiluphi uhlobo noma imvelo. Noma ngabe yisiphi isikhungo sezezimali lapho ubeke khona iminikelo yakho yezezimali.
Ngokuphambene nalokho okwenzekayo ezimakethe zezimali. Lapho ulapha yebo, ungachayeka ezingozini ezingaphezu kwesidingo. Kokubili maqondana nokuthengwa nokuthengiswa kwamasheya emakethe yamasheya nasezimalini zokutshala imali uqobo. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi uzokwazi ukushiya abaningi ngemuva uma izehlakalo zaseCatalonia zingakhuli ngendlela enhle. Ngalesi sizathu kunconywa kakhulu ukuthi unemali ephelele. Ukuze ngale ndlela, basesimweni esihle kakhulu sokonga imali. Futhi ungasebenzisa amathuba webhizinisi avela ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Kunoma ikuphi, zinezinyanga eziyinkimbinkimbi kunokujwayelekile. Uzodinga igazi elibandayo nelinye isu lokushayela izinqumo zakho kahle. Akumangalisi ukuthi uzoba namathuba amaningi okwenza imisebenzi ehamba phambili. Lapho ungathuthukisa khona kakhulu ibhalansi ye-akhawunti yakho yokuhlola. Iseluleko esihle kakhulu ukungaqhubekisi ukusebenza ngokuphelele ngokungadingekile. Kuzoba ukhiye ekuphatheni imali ngalezi zinsuku noma amasonto. Kusuka ezindleleni ezahlukahlukene ngokwamasu ozowasebenzisa.