Ukufakwa kwemali: zinjani futhi zinenzuzo enkulu?

Imbuyiselo emaphakathi kokufakwa kwemali yasebhange kwezinyanga eziyi-0,16 icishe ibe yi-XNUMX%, ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva enikezwe yiBhange laseSpain. Ngenzalo ephansi kakhulu ngenxa yesinqumo sezitho zemali ze-European Union ukuze yehlisa intengo yemali endaweni ye-euro. Lelisu lichaze ukuthi lo mkhiqizo wezezimali awuzange ube nenzuzo enkulu eminyakeni yamuva. Ukuze uyiphakamise, ngeke kube khona okunye ongakwenza ngaphandle kokubheka imodeli yezinciphiso ezivumela ukweqa imingcele yamanje yokulamula.

Esinye salezi ziphakamiso senziwa yimali ebekelwe imali yakwamanye amazwe, okuyizinkontileka kwezinye zezimali okungezona ezase-euro. Phakathi kwabo, idola laseMelika, i-franc yaseSwitzerland, i-krone yaseDenmark noma i-yen yaseJapan. Yize ingavumela inzuzo yayo, izingozi ezibandakanyeka kulokhu kusebenza nazo ziphakeme. Phakathi kwezinye izizathu ngoba kuya ngokushintshaniswa kwekhotheshini phakathi kwemali ekhethiwe ne-euro. Futhi umphumela awuhlali uvuna njalo izintshisekelo zabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi.

Le mikhiqizo yokonga umuntu ingenziwa ibe semthethweni ngamanani akhokheleka kakhulu kuyo yonke imizi. Kusuka ku-1.000 XNUMX euros kuya phambili, ngaphandle kwanoma yimuphi umkhawulo maqondana nale mfuneko. Ngokuhlala unomphela kusuka ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuye ezinyangeni ezingama-36, njengamadiphozithi ejwayelekile kakhulu ebhange. Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, imishini yokubhalisa ifana ncamashi namanye amafomethi.

Imali efakwa: izimo

Umehluko wayo maqondana nokufakwa kwemali okuthole izinkontileka kuma-euro ukuthi kulezi zinhlobo kufaka phakathi i- ikhomishini encane njengomphumela wokushintshaniswa kwemali. Ngokuvamile, amabhange akhokhisa phakathi kuka-0,10% no-0,15% kunani eliphelele lotshalo-mali. Ngaphandle kwale nkokhelo engaguquki, ayifaki noma iyiphi ikhomishini noma izindleko ekuphathweni noma ekugcineni kwayo. Ngokuqoqwa kwenzalo ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa, noma ngabe yisiphi isikhathi saphakade lapho le mikhiqizo yasebhange iqondiswe khona.

Esinye sezici abasebenzisi abazicabangela ukuthi zinenzuzo enkulu yini. I-priori lesi sici asikwazi ukwaziwa ngoba kuya nge isilinganiso semali ekhethiwe ezimakethe zezimali. Kunoma ikuphi, ngeke kuhlale kulungile ngalesi sizathu futhi esimweni esibi kakhulu kungakha inzalo engeyinhle. Lesi yisona sizathu esikhulu sokubheka lokhu kusebenza kwemali kuyingozi. Ikakhulukazi uma ukuvela kwalezi zimpahla zezimali kungaziwa.

Ingabe kufanelekile ukuwenza ngokusemthethweni?

Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ukuthuthuka kwenzuzo akuyona nxephezela izindleko ekushintsheni kwemali. Lapho kungahle kube khona okunye ukumangala ngesikhathi sokuvalwa kwayo. Kodwa-ke, inzuzo yayo enkulu ukuthi ungasebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezimali zomhlaba jikelele. Futhi ngokuqinisekile ezinye zazo zizoba nokushintshashintsha okuhle ezimakethe zemali.

Kumele futhi sihlole iqiniso lokuthi imali yamazwe angaphandle iyithuluzi elingazinzile lokwakha isitoko sokonga esikhathini esifushane naphakathi. Ngoba ifana kakhulu nemikhiqizo etholakala kumasheya kunenzuzo engaguquki. Akumangalisi ukuthi inzuzo yayo yangempela incike emanani entengo ezimakethe zemali. Lapho ukungazethembi kungenye yezimpawu ezihambelana kakhulu, ngoba kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwamanani entengo aphezulu nalawo aphansi. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi lolu hlobo lwamadiphozithi wesikhathi esimisiwe lungalimaza kakhulu izintshisekelo zabasindisi. Ezingeni lanoma yimuphi umkhiqizo wezezimali ongenayo imbuyiselo ehleliwe noma eqinisekisiwe.

Kulinyazwe futhi kwasizakala

Izoni le-euro selikulungele ukuqala ukwenyuka kwezinga lenzalo kusukela ngo-2020, njengoba i-European Central Bank (ECB) ixwayise esitatimendeni lapho izwakalisa khona "ukwenziwa komgomo wezimali okuzayo." Njengamanje intengo yemali kule ndawo ingu-0%, kwazise la mazinga afinyelelwa ngo-2015 njengesinyathelo sokuqalisa umnotho wamazwe e-European Union. Lesi sici semali sikhiqize ukuthi eminye imikhiqizo yasebhange ithanda ukuthengwa kuneminye. Lapho abatshalizimali nabantu abafuna izimali bakhuthazwe ukulimaza izintshisekelo zabasindisi. Ngamunye wabo uthole ukwelashwa okwehlukile ngamanani wenzalo emazingeni aphansi ngokomlando.

Ezomnotho zase-Europe zilindele ukunyuka kwamazinga okuzokwenziwa kancane kancane ukuze kushiywe ngokuqinile umkhuba wokuthi imali ayinalo inani. Kunoma ikuphi, lolu shintsho luzohluka ebudlelwaneni amakhasimende azobugcina nezinhlangano zebhange njengoba uma sekuqaliswe amanani entela amasha, imibandela yenkontileka yemalimboleko yomuntu siqu, imali yesikhathi nama-akhawunti emali engenayo ephezulu, phakathi kokunye, izoshintsha. Lapho kuzoba khona abawinile nabangahlulwa ngokususelwa kulokhu kuhluka kwemali. Kepha empeleni, zizothinta kanjani isikhwama sabasebenzisi basebhange?

Kulinyazwe ukukhuphuka kwesilinganiso

Abantu abanezikweletu futhi abazokwenza ngokusemthethweni noma yimuphi umugqa wesikweletu kusuka kulo mzuzu bazoba izisulu ezinkulu zalesi silinganiso sezomnotho. Ngomqondo wokuthi bazothinteka ngokwanda kwenzalo emalimbolekweni futhi inani lakhona lizoya ngokuqina kokunyuka kwentengo yemali. Kunoma ikuphi, ubunikazi be- Isikweletu somthengi, i-credit card noma i-mortgage izofaka izitolimende ezifuna kakhulu ukwenyuka kwentengo yemali.

Umuntu onesibambiso semali mboleko yenani lama-euro ayi-100.000 kungakapheli iminyaka engama-25 ngokukhuphuka kwesilinganiso esiphansi, ngekota yephuzu lephesenti, kuzosho ukwanda kwama-euro angama-20 enkokhelweni yakho yanyanga zonke kusuka ngonyaka ozayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lesi simo sizodala ukuthi ukusatshalaliswa kwemali mboleko kukhuphuke kancane kancane futhi ngeke sikwazi ukuzithenga ngaphansi kwe-1%, njengoba kungenziwa ngokunikezwa yibhange kuze kube yihlobo eledlule.

Ukonga kuzoba nenzuzo enkulu

Ngokuphambene nalokho, imikhiqizo yokonga (ama-term deposits, amanothi ezethembiso, ama-akhawunti wokuhlola, njll.) azophuma emgodini abecwiliswe kuwo kuze kube manje ngenxa yenzuzo yabo ephansi. Ngokushesha nje lapho inani lenzalo seliphezulu, umholo wabo uzokhuphuka, ngaphandle kokunyakaza okunamandla kakhulu kodwa okuzobonwa minyaka yonke ephaketheni labasebenzisi. Okwamanje, futhi sinikezwe ukunyakaza emakethe yemali, idiphozi yasebhange yama-euro ayi-10.000 ngaphezulu kwezinyanga eziyi-12 isukile ekwenziweni kokubuyiselwa kwe-0,14% kuya ku-0,20%. Vele, akuyona imali eyeqile kepha okungenani kuzovumela isivuno ukuthi sikhule ngama-euro angama-10 unyaka ngamunye.

Uma kwenzeka amanani entengo endaweni ye-euro efinyelela iphesenti elilodwa nohhafu, imiphumela izobonakala kakhulu kulabo abanemikhiqizo yasebhange. Ngokwezinga lapho, ngokwezibalo zeBhange LaseSpain, inzalo ingakhuphukela ku eduze kakhulu nephuzu lephesenti ngemali egcinwe kumadiphozithi noma kuma-akhawunti asebhange. Kodwa-ke, kuzoba ngcono ukukhohlwa ngezithelo ezingaphezulu kuka-5%, ezenzeka ngaphambi kokuba kuvele inkinga yezomnotho yowezi-2007 nowezi-2008.

Umthelela kuma-equities

Kulesi simo, amanani wenzalo ephansi njengalawa amanje asizakala kubatshalizimali ezimakethe zezimali. Phakathi kwezinye izizathu, ngoba ayikho inzuzo kweminye imikhiqizo yezezimali futhi okuwukuphela kwekhambi ukuthenga nokuthengisa amasheya emakethe yamasheya njengefomula yokwenza ngcono umholo. Yize kunjalo, uthatha izingozi eziningi ekusebenzeni ngoba alikho inani lenzalo eliqinisekisiwe. Uma kungenjalo, ngokuphambene nalokho, kusenkingeni yokuvela kwezimakethe zezimali futhi lapho into ethile noma enye ingenzeka khona. Ngaphandle kwe- Ukusatshalaliswa kwesahlukaniso okuyinkokhelo ye-akhawunti elungisiwe futhi eqinisekisiwe minyaka yonke.

Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokusebenzisa amasu athile okutshala imali, izinhloso ezithile ezibekwa ngabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi zingafinyelelwa. Isibonelo, ukuthenga lapho ukumelana sekunqotshiwe, ukwenza kube semthethweni ukusebenza kuma-uptrends noma ukusizakala ngokuthenga ukunyakaza. Ngemiphumela engagculisa kakhulu izintshisekelo zabancane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunezimali zokutshala imali ezivumela ukubuyiselwa okuqinisekisiwe, nembuyiselo yokonga kuze kufike ku-5%. Yize kunamakhomishini athe xaxa kunasekuthengweni nasekuthengisweni kwamasheya emakethe yamasheya. Ngezindleko ezingamelela u-2% wemali yonke etshalwe ngabasebenzisi. Okwenzela ukuthi uzokwengeza inzuzo kuyo yonke imisebenzi ukuze unciphise lezi zindleko kubaphathi.


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Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.