Amasheya awakutholanga kahle ukubuya kwamaholide ngxenye yabatshalizimali ezindaweni zokuhweba. Uma kungenjalo kunalokho okuphikisanayo kuze kube seqophelweni lokumaka amanani aphansi onyakeni kulowo nyaka omubi kubasebenzisi besitoko. Lapho inkomba yokuma kwemakethe kazwelonke yamasheya, i-Ibex 35, ibisondele emazingeni e- Amaphuzu we-9.200 nangokuthambekela kokujula ekuweni, ngisho nokushaya phansi ukusekelwa okubalulekile okukhona ku Amaphuzu we-9.000. Sekuvele kunengxenye enhle yabahlaziyi abaphawula ukuthi leli qiniso selivele liyindaba yezinsuku futhi lingenzeka kumaseshini alandelayo okuphepha kokuhweba.
Kulesi simo esikhona manje esikhathazayo, kulula ukubukeza izehlakalo eziholele ukuthi izimali zikazwelonke zifinyelele kulezi amazinga aphansi kakhulu futhi ngasikhathi sinye ukukhathazeka. Ukuze ngale ndlela, wazi ukuthi benzani ngokutshalwa kwemali kwabo kulezi zikhathi eziqondile. Akumangalisi ukuthi ukuwohloka kwenkomba ekhethiwe yemakethe yamasheya kuzwelonke kuya ngokuya kuba sobala. Lapho imininingwane ethembeke kancane ukuthi sekuvele kube nenani elihle labatshalizimali abashiye izimali zaseSpain, zombili maqondana nenhlokodolobha kazwelonke neyamazwe omhlaba.
Kunoma ikuphi, esinye sezihluthulelo abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi abafuna ukusula ngukuthi ngabe lezinhlangano zizohlala isikhashana noma uma, ngokuphambene nalokho, zizoqhutshwa isikhathi eside kakhulu. Kufike ezingeni lokuqalwa kwe- kwehle yesikhathi esithile. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kwenzekani eSpain sizokunikeza ezinye zezimbangela eziholela ekutheni i-Ibex 35 ibe sesimeni esibucayi kakhulu. Lapho ukwesaba ukuthatha izikhundla kumagugu emakethe yamasheya aseSpain kukhona ezinqumweni zabo.
Emazingeni aphansi wonyaka: izizathu zakho
Esinye sezimbangela ezinkulu zalesi simo emakethe yamasheya kuzwelonke kungenxa yokwehla komnotho waso. Ukubuyekezwa okwenziwa yizinhlangano nezikhungo ezahlukahlukene zikazwelonke nezamazwe omhlaba kuya kule ndlela. Ngokuphawulekayo ukuncipha emisebenzini yezomnotho, yize kungagcini lapho kuphela emnothweni waseSpain, kepha kunalokho kuthinta namazwe angomakhelwane. Kunoma ikuphi, kuyisimo esisha ukuthi imakethe yamasheya iyathengisa futhi ngalo mqondo ngokubuyekezwa kwentengo yamasheya.
Omunye wemikhakha eshutha lo mkhuba ngokungangabazeki ezokuvakasha. Lapho kuleli hlobo elidlule kube khona i- ukwehla kwesibalo sezivakashi amazwe omhlaba asondele kakhulu ku-4%. Kuwuphawu olucace bha lokuthi umnotho uphelelwe ngamandla nokuthi ungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu emalini yezimali. Njengeminye imikhakha yokubaluleka okukhethekile, njengomkhakha wezimoto noma imboni uqobo eSpain. Hhayi ngeze, kulo nyaka kulindeleke ukuthi iGreat Gross Domestic Product (GDP) yehle ifike ezingeni lika-2% noma nangaphezulu kakhulu.
Intengo kawoyela ebiza kakhulu
Akungabazeki ukuthi ukukhuphuka kwentengo yegolide elimnyama kungezinye zezimbangela zesimo samanje sezimali zaseSpain futhi ngokwandiswa emhlabeni jikelele. Ukufika lapho enza umonakalo omkhulu emnothweni wabo. Ngoba empeleni, intengo yamanje yentengo yomgqomo ongahluziwe isinyukele ku cishe ama-dollar angama-90, ileveli engabonwa ezimakethe zezimali isikhathi eside. Phezu kwezintshisekelo zezinhlangano ezithile zomhlaba ukuthi kungabi njalo. Kepha kuyiqiniso ukuthi ibheka izintshisekelo zabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi, njengoba sekuthuthuke ingxenye enkulu yabahlaziyi bezezimali.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, khombisa ukuthi uwoyela ongahluziwe yipharamitha efanelekile yokwazi ukuthi imakethe yamasheya ihamba kuphi. Njengoba kwenzeka kulezi zinsuku nokuthi sezizophela ukuthambekela okuya phezulu ezimakethe zamasheya ebesikhiqizwe iminyaka eminingi kangaka. Cishe selokhu kwaphela inkinga yezomnotho futhi lokho sekuholele ekutheni inani elidlulilekufakwe kuma-akhawunti wabatshalizimali isikhathi esihle. Ngakho-ke, kuzodingeka ukuthi wazi amanani amnyama egolide kusukela manje kuqhubeke.
Ukungazinzi kwezepolitiki eSpain
Vele, udaba lwezepolitiki lungenye yezinto ezingezinhle okufanele zifinyelele ezingeni lentengo yamanje. Nge- uhulumeni omncane Futhi ngochungechunge lwezinyathelo zezomnotho izimakethe zezimali ezingazithandanga, akumangazi ukuthi imakethe yamasheya yaseSpain yehle ngalesi sikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngeke ukhohlwe ukuthi kungenzeka kube nokhetho ezinyangeni ezizayo futhi leli qiniso alikhangi ezimakethe nakubatshalizimali futhi. Lapho okuthengiswayo kufakwa ngokucacile ekuthengweni futhi lokhu kwenzeka ekwehleni kwentengo yamasheya.
Esinye sezici ezifanele kakhulu kube yi- ukubhujiswa kwemisebenzi ekupheleni kwamaholide, ngesinye sezinga elibi kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva. Ukuba ngesinye sezici ezixosha abatshalizimali kude nezimakethe zamasheya. Ngoba empeleni, ukungabaza okuhlasela lawa ma-ejenti kuningi futhi kuhlukile futhi lokhu kuyinto edlala ngokumelene nezintshisekelo zabenzeli bezezimali abaxhunyaniswe namasheya. Ngaphandle kwalesi sikhathi kube nezimpawu zokuthi kwehliswe izimakethe zezimali. Ngalesi sizathu, ukwehla kwamanje kungaqhubeka isikhathi eside.
Izinkinga kwi-Community Union
Futhi okwenzekayo endaweni yomphakathi akusizi ngalutho emakethe yamasheya. Lapho kunokuhlukana okuningi kunakuqala futhi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi kungaqhuma yonke into. Nabanye amaqembu wendabuko ezokwehla ngokungagunci kwemihlomulo evela kwamanye amabutho athola ukwethenjwa ngabavoti. Ngaphandle kwalokho abantu abaningi abangakucabanga, lokhu kungenye into ehweba emakethe yamasheya futhi ikakhulukazi kweyethu, okungenye yezindawo ezibuthakathaka ezwenikazi elidala.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuhwebelana okuhlukahlukene kwamasheya aseYurophu akwenzi kahle nakho, kepha kunalokho kuphambene. Isizathu kufanele sifunwe ngezindaba ezithile zezepolitiki ezikhulayo endaweni ye-euro. Isimo sendawo lapho kungasizi kakhulu ukwenza ukonga okunenzuzo ngalo mzuzu oqondile. Kepha ngokuphambene nalokho, iya kwezinye izindawo ezinokuziphendukela okungcono kwezinkomba zazo zemakethe yamasheya. Njengesibonelo, kufayela le- Izimali ze-US, enye yezinto ezihamba phambili emhlabeni.
Ubuthakathaka bebhange
Imakethe yamasheya kuzwelonke ithinteka kakhulu yizenzo ze- amabhange esiteshini sokuthengiselana. Kuze kufike ezingeni lokuthi ngumkhakha omubi kunayo yonke eSpain, ukwehla okukhulu kwentengo yamasheya ayo. Akuzona izindawo ezinhle kakhulu ukuba khona njengamanje. Hhayi kancane. Njengoba ukubukwa kwalo mkhakha obalulekile akuyona into enhle kakhulu engalindelwa ngabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Kunokuningi okungalahleka kunokutholwa futhi leli isu okufanele ulikhumbule kusukela manje kuqhubeke.
Ukwehlukahluka okutholwa ngamabhange aseSpain maqondana neminye imikhakha emakethe yamasheya kungaphezu kokuqapheleka futhi kwezinye izimo ngaphezulu kwe-5%. Kodwa-ke, abanye bakholelwa ukuthi amandla abo okutakula angaba ngaphezulu ngenxa yokuthi bawe kakhulu ezimakethe zamasheya. Kunoma ikuphi, amabhange angomunye wabalahlekelwa kakhulu ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalolunye zokuqala zonyaka. Ngokwehla kwezinga okufika emazingeni acishe abe yi-10%, okusho okuningi ekusebenzeni kwemakethe yamasheya.
Ukuthatha umoya kubatshalizimali
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona nokukhathala okuthile ohlangothini lwabatshalizimali. Akumangalisi ukuthi ibe yiminyaka eminingi emihle futhi sekuyisikhathi sokuzuza. Ikakhulu, unikezwe izimpawu zobuthakathaka ezinikezwa izimakethe zezimali. Ngoba kuzoba nesikhathi sokuthenga amasheya ku- intengo yokuncintisana kakhulu nokuthi ingenza imisebenzi ibe nenzuzo enkulu. Ngoba akunakulibaleka ukuthi akukho lutho olukhuphuka unomphela, ingasaphathwa eyamakethe yamasheya, njengoba nawe ngokwakho uzokwazi ngokufunda okuqoqiwe eminyakeni neminyaka edlule.
Kunoma ikuphi, bazobe belinde ukuthi izimo zemakethe zibe ngcono futhi. Phakathi kwezinye izizathu ngoba azikho ezinye izindlela ezeqile zokwenza ukonga kube nenzuzo, ikakhulukazi ngemikhiqizo engenayo engaguquki. Ngenzuzo ephansi engakwenzi kube mnandi kubo bonke abatshalizimali. Lokhu yilokho abahlaziyi abakubekayo ukusho ukuthi imakethe yamasheya kuzofanele iqale kabusha indlela eya phezulu ngonyaka ozayo. Yize manje izimo zingezona ezingcono kakhulu ukuthatha isikhundla emakethe yamasheya.