Kulokhu inkathi yokuqhuma kwezobuchwepheshe Akujwayelekile ukuthi uthole ukuthi ingxenye enkulu yemisebenzi yabantu ifakwe ekhompyutheni, kusuka emisebenzini efana nokuthenga, ukukhokha, phakathi kokunye okuningi, njengamanje abantu bahlala kakhulu umhlaba wedijithali ukwedlula okwangempela; kodwa ukuze lokhu kube khona ukwenziwa kwedijithali kwemisebenzi yabantu Kwakufanele kube nephuzu elidingekayo, ukwenza imali ifakwe kwidijithali, futhi lokho ukuthi ngaphandle kwayo asikwazi ukwenza noma imiphi yale misebenzi eshiwo ngenhla.
Ngakho-ke ngezindlela eziningi ungakhuluma kufayela le- imali yangempela kanye nemali edijithali, futhi ngenxa yentuthuko ekhona, lesi sigaba sokugcina semali yedijithali singahlukaniswa kabili, imali ebonakalayo kanye nemali yangempela yedijithali. Ukuze senze lokhu kube lula, ake sisho ukuthi kukhona izimali ezibonakalayo, ukuthi abanalo inani elinikezwe noma elilawulwa uhulumeni, nokuthi ukuba khona kwabo ngokomzimba akunakwenzeka; Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sithola imali yangempela yedijithali, okuyiyo ekuma-akhawunti ethu asebhange, okusho ukuthi le mali idluliseka kalula futhi ingaguqulwa isuke kwidijithali iye kwangempela esigungwini sebhange. Futhi ekugcineni sithola ifayela le- imali yangempela noma yangempela, okuyizo zonke izinhlamvu zemali nezikweletu esingazithinta.
Kepha kukho konke ukuhlukahluka kwamathuba esingakuthola namhlanje sizokhuluma ngokuthize, ikhadi lemali, indlela esungulwe ukuze kulungiswe ukunyakaza okuningi kwabantu nokuthengiselana, futhi lokho kungenzeka ngenxa yokwenza imali kwangempela kwidijithali yamakhadi, izinzuzo zawo nokusebenza kwawo.
Ikhadi lesikhwama semali
Leli khadi lifakwe ohlwini lwe- uhlelo oluningi lokukhokha oluningi; Esinye sezakhiwo zalolu hlelo ukuthi izinkokhelo ezenziwa ngalolu hlobo lwekhadi ukuthi ziyizinkokhelo zamanani aphansi, kepha zingezinga eliphakeme kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, lezi zinhlobo zezinkokhelo zamanani aphansi zidinga i- ijubane eliphezulu ukuze kuncishiswe izikhathi zokusebenza, kepha futhi kudinga amazinga aphezulu okuphepha, ngoba, ngenxa yenani lezinkokhelo ezenziwe, ukuthola iphutha ohlelweni kungaba nzima kakhulu.
Lapho inkinga isikhonjwe kahle, kwahlelwa indlela esheshayo nelula yokuyixazulula, futhi umphumela kwaba amakhadi esikhwama. Lawa makhadi ngokuhlangana nohlelo oluwagcina ekhuthele awusizo olukhulu namuhla.
Ake sibone futhi sihlaziye ezinye zezinzuzo ukuthi lawa makhadi avumelekile. Into yokuqala ukuthi umsebenzisi ugwema imigqa eminingi, okungukuthi ukuminyana kwabantu ezindaweni zokukhokha zezikhungo kuncishiswe kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu sithola ukuthi kutholwe isikhathi esiningi esasichithwa ngaphambilini ku- inqubo yokukhokha; Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kanye nokushesha kwensizakalo yamakhasimende kuphakeme kakhulu.
Enye inzuzo elethwa yileli hlelo ukuthi iyashesha, kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi iyasebenza kakhulu. Lokhu singakubona ngezikhathi lapho siya esitolo sangokwenyama bese sikhokha nge- ikhadi lesikhwama semali; ukusetshenziswa kwayo kulula impela, kepha nokho kuyasebenza kakhulu.
Esinye sezici ebezishiwo ekuqaleni kwendatshana bekungukuphepha, lolu hlelo lukuvumela ukuthi wenze ukuthengiselana ngemali ngokushesha kusuka komunye umthombo uye komunye, kepha lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi zombili izinhlangothi ziyavumelana ukuthi okwenziwayo kuyenziwa, ngakho ezokuphepha lokho kusetshenzisiwe ukuze kube ne- ukulawulwa kwalolu hlobo lokuthengiselana, ngakho-ke imali yethu nokuthengiselana kwethu kuphephe ngokuphelele.
Kuyasiza futhi ukulwa nenye ye- izinkinga ezinkulu ebhizinisini Ngesikhathi sokukhokha imikhiqizo noma izinsizakalo zethu, futhi kwenzeke kangaki kithina ukuthi sinethikithi elilodwa okufanele silikhokhe, futhi abasebenzi basho ukuthi abanalo ushintsho, le nqubo ebizwa ngokuthi ukwenza amademoni, kuyinto ejwayelekile , kodwa okugwenywayo ngakho amakhadi esikhwama, ngoba inani lomsebenzi lilingana ncamashi nezindleko zemikhiqizo yethu, ngakho-ke le nkinga ayikho, futhi sigwema ukugcinwa ebhokisini isikhathi eside, isikhathi esizama ngaso ukuthola izinhlamvu zemali ukuthi zikwazi ukuqedela okwenziwayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi lolu hlelo lokukhokha lusebenza ngezindlela eziningi njengoba lwamukelwa ngamabhizinisi ahlukahlukene, kungenzeka ukuthi sikhokhe izithuthi zomphakathi usebenzisa lolu hlelo. Ngaphandle kokungabaza, zonke lezi zinzuzo zibalulekile, futhi zivumela ukonga okuningi.
Ukusebenza kwayo
Indlela la makhadi asebenza ngayo nge i-elekthronikhi, okuvumela ukulawula okuqinile kokuthengiselana esikwenzayo; Le chip isebenza njengeyona ephethe ukukhomba i-akhawunti yethu, esiqiniseka ngayo ukuthi ngeyethu, nokuthi sikhokhiswa kuphela inani esilamukelayo.
Ngakho-ke sesivele siyazi ukuthi siyithola kanjani i-akhawunti yethu, kepha kuthiwani ngemali? Iqiniso ukuthi kuyinto elula kakhulu, uma sesinikeze umqokeleli ikhadi lethu, i-akhawunti yethu ikhonjwa, uma lokhu sekwenzekile, sengingakwazi ukufaka kabusha inani esilifunayo, ukusuka kuma-euro ambalwa kuye enanini esilifunayo noma elingavunyelwe isitolo, ngale ndlela ukuthengiselana kwenziwa ngemali yangempela; yize kungenzeka ukuthi nathi sikhokha ekhadini lethu lesikhwama ngokusebenzisa i- ikhadi lesikweletu noma lasebhange. Ngale ndlela singakwazi ukuphatha kahle isabelomali sethu, sinikeze kuphela inani elithile kumkhiqizo noma esitolo esithile.
Okunye okungenzeka ukuthi leli khadi lixhunywe kulo ikhadi lethu lesikweletu noma lasebhange, lokhu ukuze singalokothi siphelelwe ibhalansi, noma ukuthi ibhalansi esinayo ayanele ukuba sikwazi ukuthenga noma ukukhokha amasevisi ahlinzekiwe. Yize ukuphathwa kwe- izimali zamakhadi esikhwama futhi ukusetshenziswa kwayo ngokuphelele ngokokubona komnikazi wekhadi.
Ikhadi lemali eSpain
Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zamakhadi esikhwama akhona, eSpain singathola okulandelayo:
- Okokuqala kunesikhwama semali esingu-4B, esetshenziswa ngokukhethekile yi-4B consortium, ngakho-ke uma sifuna ukwazi kabanzi ngokusebenza kwayo singacela imininingwane kuwebhusayithi ye-Consortium eshiwo.
- Isikhwama se-EURO 6000, leli khadi lesikhwama semali lisho i-Spanish Confederation of Savings Banks, kanti isisekelo sise-CEN WG10; Lesi sikhwama semali, ngenxa yemvelo yaso impela, senza izinto eziningi futhi siyamukelwa ezikhungweni eziningi, yize kunconywa ukuthi sibuyekeze ngokucophelela izigaba zokusetshenziswa nemibandela okufanele siyilandele uma sifuna ukuyisebenzisa.
- Isikhwama se-VISA CASH; Leli khadi lesikhwama licaciswa yi-VISA, futhi lisuselwa ku-TIBC, eyi-Smart Card yamabhange namabhange e-Savings; Yize kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi okunye kokushayisana okuyinhloko kwalolu hlobo lwekhadi ukuthi akukho ukusebenzisana phakathi kwabo, lokhu kuvame ukwenza izingqinamba zokuphatha zibe nzima nokunye ukuthengiselana, kodwa-ke kwenziwa imizamo eminingi yokwenza ukukwazi ukusebenzisana ukuze kwenziwe ngakho-ke yenza ukusetshenziswa kwamakhadi kube lula kakhulu kumsebenzisi.
- I-EMV; Leli khadi lesikhwama yi-Europa ne-MasterCard VISA, futhi liyizinga eliqalwe yi-EMVCo, ngo-1999, leli khadi lisebenza ngenxa yenhlangano ye-Europay, MasterCard neVisa, okuyizinkampani ezinkulu kakhulu kulokho okushiwo ukudluliswa ngogesi . Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwalawa makhadi ukukwazi ukuphatha nokukhuthaza izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibonakalayo, kanye nama-terminals namakhadi we-smart, okwenziwa ukuhlanganisa, ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuthengiselana kwala makhadi.
- I-CEPS, lokhu ukucaciswa okuvamile kwe-Electronic Wallet; Leli zinga laqalwa yiSpanish CEPSCO, AIE, EURO Kartensysteme, Europay neVisa; futhi inhloso yale nhlangano bekuwukwazi ukunikeza umsebenzisi ikhadi lesikhwama elisebenzisanayo emhlabeni wonke, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kwalo akukhawulelwanga kuphela ekusebenzeni endaweni kazwelonke noma yaseYurophu. Ngakho-ke, ukuguquguquka kwayo kukhulu kakhulu kunalokho amanye amakhadi amaningi esiwathola emakethe angakunikeza.
Akungabazeki ukuthi lolu hlelo luyinto eyinkimbinkimbi edinge umsebenzi omningi ohlangothini lwe- izikhungo zezezimali okungenelele ekudalweni kwayo, futhi ukuthi uhlelo ukuze lukwazi ukusebenza kahle ludinga ukuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe nezokuhleleka, ukuze konke okushiwo ngenhla kunikezwe umsebenzisi.
Kusetshenziswa elilodwa lalawa makhadi Kuyinzuzo enkulu, ngoba ikwenza kube lula ukukhokha, ngaphezu kokusivumela ukuthi silawule kakhulu izindleko zethu ezincane esizenza njalo, futhi lokhu kuzosivumela ukuthi sibe nezimali zomuntu siqu ezinempilo kakhulu, sithuthukise ukusebenza kwethu nendlela yethu yokuphila ngezindlela sasingakaze sicabange ngaphambili.