El Idamu lokubhanga Imvamisa kuyigama elijwayelekile ukuzwa noma ukufunda emkhakheni wezomnotho. Kungokwemvelo ukuthi, njengoba ungajwayelene nezomnotho, njengabanye ochwepheshe kulo mkhakha, udinga ukucacisa ukuthi leli gama lisho ukuthini njengoba lingadida futhi kungadingeka ifa elibanzi lamasiko ukuthola ukusebenza nencazelo efanelekile Yokwakha umqondo yaleli gama, lapha sizocacisa lowo mqondo ukuze uye nawo ekhaya, nabangani bakho bebhizinisi, nomndeni wakho futhi ungaphinde ucabange ukuthi iBanking Pool inokuthintana namabhiliyade.
Leli gama Idamu lokubhanga imvamisa ihlobene ne- "imali yangaphandle yenkampani”, Lesi mhlawumbe ngesinye sezihloko abantu abambalwa abazi ngazo futhi okwenziwa ngazo izinganekwane eziningi kanye nezimpikiswano ezingacacisi ukuthi kusho ukuthini ngempela. Kunamagama amaningi ezomnotho anencazelo eyinkimbinkimbi, lawa kuzofanele afundwe ngokujulile uma okufunayo ukuqonda umnotho njengento eyisisekelo eyenzeka empilweni yansuku zonke kepha abantu abambalwa abaziyo. Ngaphambi kokuthi ucabange nokungena endabeni, kufanele uchaze igama.
Idamu lokubhanga, incazelo yalo.
Kufanele ubone ukuthi a ichibi lokubhanka, igama elibhekisa ntambama lokudlala amabhiliyade futhi alingezi ubucayi esenzweni. EMpumalanga Kungumbiko owenziwa yinkampani, kulo mbiko ukhombisa zonke izinhlobo zezimali ezizitholayo ezivela kubantu besithathu. Eyaziwa nangokuthi "ukuxhaswa ngezimali komuntu wesithathu", wuhlobo losizo olungahlobene neze nokutshalwa kwemali noma inzuzo yenkampani.
El ichibi lokubhanga ngumbiko oningiliziwe wobungozi bokusebenza kwamabhange, noma ngabe amakhredithi, ukusebenza kwezezimali, amakhredithi, iziqinisekiso, njll., konke kugcinwa ngumuntu osemthethweni, ngesikhathi esithile, emabhange asebenza nalo muntu osemthethweni.
Ohlwini ngalunye lwesicelo semalimboleko, inqubomgomo yesikweletu noma omunye umkhiqizo wezezimali, ocelwe yibhizinisi, ibhange lidinga uchungechunge lwemibhalo yokuhlaziya ubumbano lwenkampani.
Isikhungo sasebhange asiceli nje kuphela imininingwane yokubalwa kwemali (isitatimende semali engenayo, ibhalansi sheet) noma imininingwane yezimali (Lezo zintela ezethulwe kamuva nje, phakathi kwazo kukhona i-Corporation Tax, i-VAT, i-Personal Income Tax, njll.), Ngaphezu kwalokho kudinga ichibi lebhange eselikhulume ngalo.
Ngaphakathi kombiko, ibhizinisi kufanele lisho imikhiqizo ethile yezimali eliyisebenzele, igama lebhange ngalinye, izinsuku zokuphelelwa yisikhathi zayo yonke imikhiqizo enenkontileka nemikhawulo enikeziwe yomkhiqizo ngamunye wezezimali. Kunconywa ukunamathisela kulo mbiko amarisidi wakamuva womkhiqizo ngamunye wezezimali oshiwo ngenhla, ungangeza futhi isitifiketi sezikweletu ezingakakhokhwa ebhange ngalinye.
Uma kungacaci, nasi isibonelo esilula:
I-SME ingaba nedamu lasebhange lapho ichaza khona ukuthi ebhizinisini elinentambo yesaphulelo, ngenkathi inenye ibhange (ibhange lesibili ngaphandle kwelokuqala), ine-akhawunti yesikweletu nomsebenzi wokuqashisa nomunye umuntu wesithathu.
Ngaphezu kwale mininingwane yesikweletu, isikhungo sezezimali siqoqa idatha ebhange eliphakathi lezingozi zeBhange LaseSpain (CIRBE). Uma sesikushilo lokhu, singaqinisekisa ukuthi ichibi lokubhanga kanye ne-CIRBE kuvame ukuhlangana, lokhu akwenzeki njalo.
Iqiniso elilula okufanele licatshangwe ukuthi izikhungo zezezimali akudingeki ukuthi zimemezele amakhredithi esamba esingaphansi kwama-euro ayizinkulungwane eziyisithupha, ngenxa yalesi sizathu i-CIRBE kungenzeka ingamemezeli ubungozi ngaphansi kwalesi samba. Yisona sizathu esikhulu nokubaluleka kwechibi lokubhanga, ukuba nolwazi ngezinga lokuxazululwa kwenkampani.
Yini uCIRBE?
I-CIRBE, ngegama layo ngeSpanishi: Imininingwane Eningiliziwe Yobungozi beBhange LaseSpain (I-CIRBE), i-database yomphakathi, kepha, iyimfihlo, iqoqa ubungozi izikhungo zezikweletu ezinabo kumakhasimende abo, noma ngabe iziqinisekiso, amakhredithi, imali esele yemalimboleko, njll. (Khumbula ukuthi lokhu kuhlala kungokwezilinganiso kusuka kuma-euro ayizi-6.000).
Uma kwenzeka ukuthi ukubalwa kwezimali kubonisa ngokwethembeka ibhizinisi, ukuqonda ngalokhu ukuthi izikweletu ezinhlanganweni zezimali zibhaliswe kahle, iRisk Information Center yeBhange laseSpain nedamu lokubhanga elikhishwe ekubalweni kwenkampani kufanele kuqondane.
Kungenzeka yini ukuthi ibhange licele imininingwane ku-CIRBE yenkampani?
Kusukela ngo-2002 impendulo yalokhu yilokho yebo uyakwazi. Njengoba kwaziswe yiBhange LaseSpain, ukugunyazwa okucacile kweklayenti akusadingeki. Kepha isikhungo sezezimali kufanele senze umbiko obhaliwe osemthethweni wokuthi kunelungelo lokwenza lokho, lokhu ngqo kwiklayenti.
I-Bank of Spain kanye nedamu lokubhanga.
Umzimba olawulayo we Umkhakha wezezimali eSpain yiThe Bank of Spain, umsebenzi wawo owenziwa ngokubambisana ne-European Central Bank ngaphakathi kwe-Single Supervisory Mechanism. Lesi sikhungo sisebenzisa futhi sichaze inqubomgomo yemali yendawo ye-euro, senza ukukhishwa kwemali engamaphepha ngokulandela imihlahlandlela yoMkhandlu Olawulayo we-ECB, ngaphezu kokuphatha izinqolobane zokushintshaniswa kwezimali zangaphandle nezinsimbi eziyigugu eSpain, lokhu nokunye imisebenzi. Ezinye zezinikezelo zayo ukulawula nokuqoqa imininingwane ephathelene namakhredithi, iziqinisekiso, imali mboleko nezinye izingozi izinhlangano zezimali ezingazithola noma ezingaziqongelela. Le database iphethwe insizakalo eyaziwa njenge-Risk Information Center noma i-CIR (ngaphandle kweSpain), noma futhi ebizwa ngezikhathi eziningi njenge-Bank of Spain Risk Information Center.
Izinhloso eziyisisekelo ze-CIRBE zimbili ngqo:
- Nikezela ngemininingwane edingekayo emabhizinisini ukuze akwazi ukunikeza izingozi, kulapho enza khona indima echibini lokubhanga.
- Isebenza njengethuluzi lokuphatha emkhakheni wamabhange, ngenxa yalesi sizathu ifeza umsebenzi wayo ngaphakathi kwemisebenzi yeBhange LaseSpain.
Amabhange abubeka kanjani ubungozi bawo?
Nyanga zonke, izinyunyana zezikweletu, amabhange okonga, amabhange, isikhungo esisemthethweni sezikweletu noma i-ICO, izinhlangano zezimali zaseSpain ezinhlanganweni zakwamanye amazwe nakuzo zonke izikhungo zezikweletu zinikeza yonke imininingwane edingekayo.
Kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi, ohlwini olusekubalweni ngenhla, ezinye izingozi ziyakhishwa kanti eminye imikhiqizo nezimali mboleko zingaphandle noma azisebenzi kulesi sibopho.
Izingozi eziqondile nezingaqondile.
Lapho imininingwane isitholakele, lokhu kwehlukaniswa izigaba ezimbili:
- Izingozi eziqondile. Lokhu kuhlobene naleyo mali mboleko yesiginesha noma yemali neyokuqashisa. Izibambiso zemali engenayo engaguquki, ezaziwa nangokuthi "ukuphepha kwesikweletu", ngaphandle kwesikweletu somphakathi, ezinye izibonelo zamuva yilezi: izibopho noma izibopho zomgcinimafa womphakathi, izikweletu, njll. Nazo zingabakweletisi.
- Izingozi ezingaqondile. Yilezo ezihambelana nalezo eziqinisekisa amanye amaklayenti anikezwe imali mboleko.
Labo abangafinyelela kwimininingwane ebhaliswe egameni labo bonke bangabantu bemvelo noma bezomthetho. Lokhu kwenziwa ngeHhovisi Elibonakalayo leBhange LaseSpain, ukwenza lokho kuyadingeka ukuthi ube ne-DNI ye-elekthronikhi noma isitifiketi sedijithali esikhishwe yiNational Currency and Stamp Factory. Ukungena mathupha akuyona into engenakwenzeka, ngoba kudingeka kuphela ukuya emahhovisi eCentral Risk Information Center endlunkulu yeBhange LaseSpain, ikheli lalo lithi: Calle Alcalá, 48, Madrid. Futhi njengenketho yokugcina, isicelo singenziwa ngencwadi enemininingwane elandelayo evela kumthumeli:
- Ibhange laseSpain
- Imininingwane Yezezimali kanye Nengozi Ephakathi
- C / Alcala, 48
- 28014
Yonke imininingwane ingacelwa ngumnikazi, ngoba lokhu umnikazi kufanele asayine idokhumende futhi ahambise ikhophi ye-DNI, ipasipoti noma i-NIE. Uma kwenzeka umnikazi efisa ukudlulisela ilungelo lakhe, kuzofanele kuhlangatshezwane nalezi zimo ezilandelayo: Nikeza i-NIE, i-DNI noma ipasipoti yommeleli kanye nedokhumende yomphakathi efakazela ukuthi lowo onikwe igunya angayisebenzisa le ndima.
Yimiphi imininingwane edingekayo yokugcwalisa itafula lamachibi asebhange?
Ukubaluleka nokweqisa kokuthola yonke imininingwane e-odwa futhi edingekayo ngendlela efanele ukuvikela iziphetho eziyiphutha noma ezingafuneki akunasisekelo. Le yimininingwane eyisisekelo yokuqedela ithebula lamachibi asebhange:
- Igama lezinkampani lapho inkampani ingene khona ezinkingeni.
- Uhlobo lwengozi olubhekise kulo, kungaba yisikweletu, ukuqinisekisa, ukubambisa ngempahla, ukuvumela, njll.
- Inani lokuqala lezingozi ezisasebenza.
- Inani elilindile lobungozi, liqondwe njengalokho okusamele kulungiswe.
- Idethi yokuqala komkhiqizo.
- Usuku lokuphelelwa isikhathi komkhiqizo.
- Iziqinisekiso ezihlobene noma ezixhunywe kumkhiqizo.
Ekuphetheni; bobabili abantu nezinkampani bathembele ekuxhasweni ngemali yasebhange futhi amabhizinisi abuza ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle, akubalulekanga kakhulu kubo ukuthi iklayenti okukhulunywa ngalo nalo lixhaswe ngezimbangi zabo. Umqondo ogxile ngokujulile ezinkampanini zezezimali, okusho ukuthi phakathi kwamabhizinisi amaningi, yebo, kodwa kungabi ngaphandle komkhakha webhange.