Ukunyakaza okunye abasebenzisi bemakethe yamasheya abakwaziyo kakhulu yi Ukunikezwa Kokutholwa Komphakathi, eyaziwa kangcono njenge-OPAS. Kepha uyazi ngempela ukuthi ziqukethe ini lezi zinhlobo zokusebenza? Yebo, kumane nje kungumnikelo wokuthola ngaphezulu kwe-25% yenkampani eyenziwe yaziwe ngokwamukela uchungechunge lwezimo zokuthengwa kwamasheya, imvamisa ngentengo ephakeme kunentengo yemakethe. Kujwayelekile impela ukuthi lezi zenzo zenzeke emakethe yezimali emhlabeni wonke, futhi ikakhulukazi kuzwelonke. Sekuvele kuningana izinkampani ezibalwe abadlule kule nqubo efanele yebhizinisi.
Njalo ngonyaka kunikelwa okukodwa noma okungaphezulu Okunikezwa Kokutholwa Komphakathi futhi lokho kubangela ukuthi amanani abo abe nokushintshashintsha okukhulu kwamanani abo. Ngokuguquguquka okungaphezu kokujwayelekile okuholela ekuphambukeni kuseshini efanayo yokuhweba ye kufika ku-5% noma okunonya ngokwedlulele kwezinye izimo. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi la ma-IPO angakusiza uvule izikhundla kumanani akhula lawa mnyakazo. Noma, kunalokho, kukusiza ukuthi ulahle izikhundla zakho ezimakethe zezimali. Kuya ngokuthinta kwakho ezimakethe.
Izimali zaseSpain azange zikhulu kakhulu ekushayeleni ama-IPO amaningi ezinyangeni ezedlule. Noma okungenani ungathandi eminyakeni edlule. Kepha njengamanje kube khona esisodwa sazo esithinta esinye seziphakamiso zemakethe yamasheya esinqunyelwe kakhulu ngabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Sikhuluma nge-ejensi yezezakhiwo yamaKoloni nalapho ingxenye enhle yabathengisi ibeke khona amehlo abo. Kuze kube yiminyaka embalwa edlule bekungenye ye- ukubheja okunolaka ngokwengeziwe emakethe yamasheya aseSpain. Lapho bekukhona ngokwenza ukonga kunenzuzo ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu. Ngemisebenzi eqagelayo yokuqagela nangendlela ethile yobungozi obukhethekile ngenxa yezici zayo.
Ukulawulwa kwamakoloni cishe ngama-30%
Enye yezindaba ezifanele kakhulu ezinikezwa yimakethe yezokulingana kuleli sonto yilokho okuphathelene nezakhiwo zaseSpain. Ngoba empeleni, iColonial yethule iPublic Acquisition Offer (OPA) ye-Socimi Axiare ukuze Ama-euro angu-18,5 ngesabelo ngasinye, ilinganisa inkampani esincintisana nayo ngama-euro ayizigidi eziyi-1.462. Ngale ndlela, izilawuli zangaphambili zazicishe zibe ngu-30% wamasheya e-Axiare. Sekukonke, ukunikezwa kwama-euro ayizigidi eziyi-1.041,5 kwenziwa kuma-71,21% enhlokodolobha yawo. Le nhlangano, ngakho-ke, ibonwa yizinkulungwane nezinkulungwane zabatshalizimali, abanye babo bangabaninimasheya bamanje.
Esinye sezihluthulelo sokwazi ukuhumusha lezinhlangano ezikhetheke kakhulu silele ekutheni intengo efanele ingakhokhwa noma cha. Ngalo mqondo, inkampani ye-Colonial real estate iyavuma ukuthi inani lokunikezwa libhekwa "njengentengo efanelekile". Kepha manje umbuzo ukubheka ukuthi abatshalizimali bacabangani ngalokhu kusebenza. Lesi sinqumo sizosebenza kangcono ezinsukwini ezizayo lapho kuzokwazi ukudalula ukuthi ukuvela kwamanani aso kuyini. Uma ukusabela kuvela ngokukhuphuka noma okuphambene nalokho, kuthathwa ngokuwa futhi okungaba nobudlova kakhulu njengoba kwenzekile kwezinye izimo ekuzivocavoca kwangaphambilini. Kuzofanele silinde kancane ukubona ukusabela kwabo nokuthi yini abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi abangayenza.
Ukusabela ezimakethe
Njengoba bekungeke kube ngenye indlela, bekungeyona impendulo efanayo izinkampani ezimbili eziholayo kule nqubo yebhizinisi eziyithathile. Ngokusabela okuhluke kakhulu kuzimo zombili, njengoba kulindelwe ezimakethe. Ngoba empeleni, ngemuva kokumiswa kohlu lwabo, amasheya amaKoloni ehle ngo-0,2% kuze kufike ekuhwebeni emazingeni ama-euro angu-7,6 ngesabelo ngasinye. Ngenkathi kunjalo, ukusabela ohlangothini lwe-Axiare kube nobudlova obukhulu kakhulu. Akumangalisi ukuthi inyuke ngaphezulu kwe-14,3% yaze yagcina isondele kakhulu kuma-euro angama-19 ngamasheya ngamunye. Ngenzuzo enkulu kubaninimasheya bayo ababonile ukuthi iphothifoliyo yabo yokutshala imali ibonge kakhulu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Noma kunalokho amahora, yize bekuyinhlangano ebivele icatshangelwe izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Ngalo mqondo, umzuzi omkhulu wale bhidi yokuthatha kabusha emakethe eqhubekayo yaseSpain kube ngabaninimasheya enkampanini yesibili. Okusho ukuthi, kusuka ku-Axiare, nokuthi bazokujabulela ukuvela kwenkampani. Manje kusazobonakala ukuthi kuzokwenzekani kusuka manje ngoba akunqatshelwe lokho ukungazinzi kufinyelela kuzo zombili izingxenye zenqubo. Ngokuhamba ohlangothini olulodwa noma kolunye. Futhi lapho ungahlala usebenzise ngokunenzuzo lokhu kushintshashintsha kwamanani. Ngisho nangokuthengiswa kwesikweletu uma ukuvela kokugcina kungalungile kunoma iyiphi yalezi zinkampani.
I-OPA ihlukaniswe njengobutha
Kunoma ikuphi, le bhidi yokuthatha kabusha ayikhululwa kolunye uhlobo lwempikiswano. Ngomqondo wokuthi ukuthengwa kwalelo phakethe lamasheya yiCatalan Socimi 'kwakuyisiphuzo esibi' kulabo ababhekele i-Axiare, abafike bahlukanisa isikhundla sempahla yaseSpain e-Axiare njengobutha. Kodwa-ke, ukusabela kwalaba bakamuva akubonisi le ndlela yokucabanga. Kepha kunalokho okuphambene nokuthile okugcine kugcine ngokudukisa ngaphezu komtshali-zimali omncane nophakathi. Njengalokhu kwenzeka kuwe. Kunoma ikuphi, kuvusa izintshisekelo zabasindisi ngesicelo esisha sokuthatha imali esikhuthaza izimakethe zezimali futhi.
Eminye yemiphumela ebambekayo yalokhu kuhamba kwebhizinisi ukuthi lesi silinganiso singathinta kanjani umkhakha wezezakhiwo. Okwamanje, imiphumela incane futhi akusebenzi kangako kuleli banga lezinkampani. Izinguquko zabo zamanani azifinyelelanga nakumazinga we-1%. Ngalo mqondo, alinakho ukubaluleka maqondana namanye amagugu omkhakha. Kumelwe kakhulu yizinkampani ezibalulwe kuma-indices wesibili ezimalini zaseSpain. Yize kuzodingeka nokuthi silinde ukuthi izimakethe zezezimali zihamba kanjani ezinsukwini ezizayo.
Amandla amakhulu we-Axiare
Eminye yemithelela yalo msebenzi wobumbano isuselwa eqinisweni lokuthi lokhu kutholwa kuzokwengeza inani elingu-1.710 lezigidi kwiphothifoliyo yalo yamanje. Ukuze ingqikithi yezigidi ezingama-10.000 yenani lempahla ekugcineni ifinyelelwe. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi izobekwa endaweni yesibili emkhakheni futhi yeqiwe kuphela izibalo zomnotho ezihlinzekayo Izakhiwo zeMerlin. Kunoma ikuphi, limelela ukulungiswa okusha emkhakheni wezezindlu kazwelonke. Ngokuhlelwa kabusha kwalezi zinkampani. Futhi ngenani elibuyekeziwe maqondana nokulinganisa ezimakethe zezezimali.
Mayelana nale ncazelo, akunakulibaleka ukuthi imele isabelo semali esiyisilinganiso esilinganiselwa ku-20% maqondana nezikhundla zangaphambilini zaleli nani lamanani. Kodwa-ke, kungaqinisekiswa ukuthi kuyisiphakamiso esigudlisa izihloko ezimbalwa kakhulu njalo ngezikhathi zokuhweba. Ngokwempahla encane kakhulu futhi nengozi yokuthi imisebenzi yabo ifaka ukubambeka ezikhundleni zabo. Noma okungenani ngaphansi kwentengo yokuthengisa eqinile lapho ungalahlekelwa khona ukuncintisana lapho uvala ukusebenza kwakho. Okuthi, ngokwesibonelo, akwenzeki ngezibambiso ezifakiwe enkombeni ekhethiwe yamasheya kazwelonke.
Amasu wabatshalizimali
Enye yezinto ongazibuza yona ukuthi ungakusebenzisa kanjani lokhu kuhamba. Yebo, lokhu kungukusebenza okucacile okudinga ifayela le- ulwazi olukhulu lomkhakha kanye namanani akho. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyadingeka ukwenza ngejubane elikhethekile ekusebenzeni. Ngoba ukungazinzi kukhiqiza ukunyakaza okushesha kakhulu nokuthi emahoreni ambalwa kungakhiqiza amaphesenti aphezulu impela. Ngenxa yalokhu kusabela, izingozi ziphakeme kakhulu. Kufika ezingeni lokuthi ungashiya ama-euro amaningi ngendlela yokuthenga okwenziwe.
Kumele futhi uhlole iqiniso lokuthi uma ubheka amatemu amade, isu kufanele lihluke kuneli lamanje. Ngenkathi kuphawuleka nokuthi amasheya ezindawo zaseKoloni ayehweba ngama-euro angaphansi kwamahlanu eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Akumangalisi ukuthi ikwazise kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva. Ngakho-ke, ngeke kumangaze ukuthi kubaluleke kangaka ukulungiswa kwamanani lokho kungathatha inani liye kumazinga asondele kuma-euro ayisithupha ngesabelo ngasinye. Isimo sakho sobuchwepheshe singaba nzima kusukela manje. Mhlawumbe ngaphezu kwalokho ongakucabanga ekuqaleni.
Yize esinye seziphetho esingatholwa kule nhlangano yenkampani ukuthi Izipesheli Zokutholwa Komphakathi (OPA) zibuyele emfashinini emakethe yamasheya. Futhi ikakhulukazi emkhakheni obaluleke kwizimali zeSpain njengezindlu. Enye yalezo ezihambisa inani elikhulu kakhulu lokusebenza phakathi kwabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi.