Enye yezinto ezesabisa kakhulu abatshalizimali ukuthi izinzuzo zezinkampani zizoncishiswa noma zimiswe nje ngenxa yokuwa okukhulu izimakethe zezimali ezibe nakho ubhubhane lwe-coronavirus. Kuze kube sezingeni lokuthi bekungadluli izinsuku eziningi ukuthi izinkampani zithuthele ngandlela thile. Kepha okusobala ukuthi ukubukwa kwezinzuzo ngeke kufane njengoba bekulokhu kuze kube manje. Ikakhulu, kweminye imikhakha yemakethe yamasheya ethinteke kakhulu, njengokubhanga noma ezokuvakasha.
Lokhu kuhamba ekusatshalalisweni kwezabelo kumasheya kunengqondo ngezinga elithile ngoba kungaba nezimo lapho inzuzo yabo yayingaba ngu-15%. Ngenxa yokuwa kwayo ekulinganisweni kwayo emakethe yamasheya. Ngeziqu ezifana ISantander noma inkampani yezindiza i-AIG ezithengise ngaphansi kwe-euro ephindwe kabili ngakho-ke kuye kwadingeka zikhuphule izabelo zazo emazingeni lezi zinkampani ezingakwazi ukumelana nawo. Ukuba abanye balabo abasuse ithebhu kulezi zinsuku kuneziyaluyalu ezimakethe zezimali. Ngezindawo zomlando ekugcineni ezilungisiwe yimigwamanda yabaphathi bayo.
Ngalo mqondo, kufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi ekuqaleni kwesonto izinkampani ezintathu ezinkulu ezibalwe emakethe yamasheya yaseSpain njengeBanco Santander, i-Amadeus ne-Airbus zikuhoxisile ukukhokhwa kwezinzuzo zazo ngenxa yomthelela i-coronavirus engaba nawo ama-akhawunti. Lokhu kulandelwa abanye abakhethe ekugcineni kwe- ukunciphisa ezinye izinzuzo zakho nabanye ngokubamisa. Yize kungekho ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile isikhundla esifanayo ngaphakathi kwezinkampani ezibalwe ohlwini lwezinkampani ezikhethiwe, i-Ibex 35. Kunoma ikuphi, ukusebenza kwale nkokhelo kumnikazi wamasheya kuzoncishiswa kusukela manje kuqhubeke.
Izabelo ziyancishiswa: Inditex
Inkampani yezindwangu iyona eqale leli qhinga ezinkokhelweni zemakethe yamasheya ngokumemezela ukuthi ibhodi yabaqondisi bayo izofunda ngokusebenza kokwabiwa kwezabelo zayo kulo nyaka. Ngemuva kokumemezela ukuthi izoyinyusa ngo-6% uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka wezimali ka-2019. Ngemuva kwemizuzu embalwa, kwaba yiBanco Santander eyanquma ukulingisa lesi senzo ezimakethe zezimali. Lapho kukhulunywa ngeNational Securities Market Commission (CNMV) ukuthi ibhodi yabaqondisi ithathe isinqumo sokubuyekeza inqubomgomo yemiholo yabaninimasheya, ukuze ibe nazo zonke izinsizakusebenza ezidingekayo ukuxhasa izinkampani ezithintekayo namakhasimende azimele ngobhadane lwe-coronavirus.
Ngale ndlela, izeluleko ze I-Banco Santander uthathe isinqumo sokuhlanganisa isabelo esisodwa sokugcina, esizothunyelwa ekwamukelweni komhlangano jikelele wabaninimasheya ngonyaka ka-2021, ozonquma inani lokugcina elizokhokhwa uma selazi umthelela walolu bhubhane. Ngakho-ke, ngoNovemba 2020, akukho mali yesikhashana ezokhokhwa ezokhokhiswa ngakho-ke abaninimasheya bayo ngeke babe nokuthokoza obekulindelwe ngenjabulo enkulu ukunika imali kwi-akhawunti yabo yokonga. Ngonyaka odlule inzuzo yayo emaphakathi yayicishe ibe yi-5,5%, enye yezindawo eziphakeme kakhulu emkhakheni wayo.
Ama-Amadeus ne-Airbus awakhanseli
Yizinkampani ezimbili eziqhubekile kulo mkhuba lapho abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi bephuma njengabahluleki abakhulu. Ngokukhethekile, futhi kungaba ngaphansi kanjani, i-Amadeus ibe yinkampani ethathe isinqumo sokukhansela ukukhokhwa kwesahlulo sayo. Ngenkathi kwenzeka okuphambene nalokho, I-Airbus ikhethe ukuhoxisa ukuthuthuka kwesivuno sayo sezabelo ngenani eliphelele lama-euro ayizigidi eziyi-1.400 kanye nezibikezelo zokuthengisa nenzuzo zango-2020. Akumangalisi ukuthi ngesinye sezisulu ezinkulu zokuwa kwezinkampani ezixhumene nomsebenzi wezokuvakasha. Njengomphumela wokulinganisa kwayo okubi kakhulu ezimakethe zezimali emavikini amathathu edlule wokuhweba.
Kulindeleke futhi ukuthi kusukela manje, amanani esitokwe alandela lezi zibonelo azohluka. Ngokuqubuka kwezimemezelo ngemuva kokushicilelwa kwemiphumela yebhizinisi lakho ezothuthukiswa emasontweni ambalwa ezayo. Ngecebo eliphindwe kabili ngoba kwezinye izimo ezinye izabelo ziyancishiswa kokunye ziyamiswa. Ngalo mqondo, bonke abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi kumele bazilungiselele okubi kakhulu nokuthi kulokhu kubhekiswa ekungakhokheni le nkokhelo ebalulekile kumnikazi wamasheya. Futhi lokho kungaholela ekuguqulweni kwamasu okutshala imali engxenyeni enkulu yalaba basebenzisi kusuka kulo mzuzu kuqhubeke.
Izabelo eziqinisekisiwe
Yize kuphambene nalokho, kuzoba nezinye izinkampani ezizoqinisekisa le nkokhelo kumtshalizimali futhi empeleni ezinye zazo zikuqinisekisile kulezi zinsuku ezinzima kubatshali zimali abancane nabaphakathi. Ngalo mqondo, kukhona uhlu olubanzi lwezinkampani eziqinisekisile ukuthi zizokhokha isabelo sazo esilandelayo. I-Bankinter Yiyona ebihole phambili kuleli su lebhizinisi futhi isimemezele ukuthi kulo nyaka izohambisana nale mali ekhokhwayo. Ngaphandle kokuthi izophila ndawonye esimweni sokuguquguquka okuphezulu kanye nezimakethe zamasheya eziwayo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abasebenzisi ngeke babe nenye inketho ngaphandle kokuba bazi kakhulu kulezi zinsuku ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi lezi zinkampani ezibalulwe ezizosithatha. Ukwazi ukuthi isikhundla sabo sizoba yini noma uma kufanele baye kwezinye izibambiso ukuze bathole ukuqoqwa kwalo mholo. Lapho kungenakukhohlakala khona ukuthi izabelo zikhona emkhakheni obonakala ngawo isivuno sebhondi esiphansi namanani aphansi. Futhi ngalokho-ke, abatshalizimali bakhetha inzuzo yenzuzo yokwenza ngcono ukutholakala kwemali yabo uma kunikezwa isivuno esiphansi imikhiqizo yezezimali enaso ngalesi sikhathi. Isibonelo, imali yasebhange yesikhathi esinqunyiwe, ama-akhawunti emali engenayo ephezulu noma okuphuma kumholo ohleliwe ngokujwayelekile. Kepha manje leli su lingahluka ngenxa yalokhu kuguqulwa kwemibono ezingxenyeni zezinkampani ezibhalwe emakethe kazwelonke eqhubekayo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, asikwazi ukukhohlwa ngalesi sikhathi ukuthi izinkampani ezivuza umninimasheya ngale nkokhelo yizinkampani ze-solvency ethile, ehambisa inzuzo yayo phakathi kwabaninimasheya futhi cishe ayikaze ibe eyokuphepha okucatshangelwayo, lapho ukubuyiselwa kwamanani abo kungenziwa ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngamanye amagama, yizinkampani ezihamba phambili ezweni lethu futhi zingadala umphumela ongenathemba phakathi kwabo bonke abasebenzeli bezezimali. Kufinyelela ezingeni lokuthi kungakhulisa umuzwa wokwethembana ohlangothini lwabathengi bebonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyindlela yokugwema ukubanjwa yinani, ngokuba nemali engenayo engaguquki minyaka yonke. Njengembuyiselo ephakeme kakhulu kunaleyo enikezwa ngamadiphozithi, amanothi wesethembiso, isikweletu somphakathi, njll. Nabalandeli abaningi phakathi kwabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi.
Njengecebo labatshalizimali
Elinye lamaqhinga abasindisi abanawo ngaphambi kwabo lokuzivikela ekulahlekelweni okungenzeka ukuthi izimali zabo ezikhiqizwayo zingaletha ukuphepha okusabalalisa izinzuzo phakathi kwabaninimasheya kanye nokunikeza inzuzo emaphakathi ka-4,50% (phakathi kuka-1,00% no-9%), ngaphezu kwaleyo enikezwe yimikhiqizo yokonga yendabuko, yize ezimweni eziningi kufanele ulinde iminyaka embalwa kuze kube yilapho abakhubazekile bephela kuphothifoliyo yakho.
Kepha bakhokha nini futhi ngaluphi usuku izinzuzo ezikhokhelwa izinkampani ezibalwe? Yebo, ngalo mqondo awukho umthetho ojwayelekile wokwenza lezi zinkokhelo, konke kuya ngecebo lebhizinisi lenkampani elibhalwe emakethe yamasheya, yize kujwayelekile ukuthi izinkampani zikhokhe abaninizabelo zazo ngenzuzo eyenzeka minyaka yonke ehlukaniswe kabili Izikhathi, eyokuqala inge-akhawunti futhi abaningi bayayikhokha ngoJanuwari, kanti enye, ebizwa ngokuthi iyancoma, yenziwe ngokusemthethweni ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ngemuva kweyokuqala. Kujwayelekile futhi ukuthi izinkampani ezikhokha isabelo esisodwa ngonyaka, imvamisa ikota yokuqala noma isemester yonyaka, ngakho-ke itholwa ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kokuhlukaniswa kokukhokha kwayo.
Kepha kweminye imikhakha yezomnotho (ukubhenka kanye nogesi, ikakhulukazi) kuyindlela ejwayelekile ukukwenza kane ngonyaka, okungukuthi, ngekota, ukuze isabelo sonyaka sifakwe kwi-akhawunti yamanje yabaninimasheya ngezinkokhelo ezine. Kunoma ikuphi, inkampani ngayinye inikeza isabelo esinqunyiwe esasishiwo ngaphambili yinkampani uqobo nokuthi ukwazi inani layo kungaqinisekiswa enkampanini uqobo noma kwabezindaba ezikhethekile. Kumele futhi kucaciswe ukuthi lokho umtshalizimali azokuthola ku-akhawunti yakhe kuzoba yimali ephelele, ngemuva kokudonswa kwemali okwenziwe kwisahlukaniso esikhulu. Ngamanye amagama, inkampani enikezela isabelo ngasinye ngesabelo esingu-0,06 euros izosho ukuthi umninimasheya uzothola ama-euro ayi-0,05 ngesabelo ngasinye ku-akhawunti, ngemuva kokubanjwa okufanele.