Njengoba bekulokhu kwenzeka kusukela ekuqaleni konyaka, yize kungagcinanga kangako ezinyangeni ezedlule, abatshalizimali baqhubekile ukubheja ezigabeni ezilandelanayo kakhulu phakathi nenkathi. Ngakho-ke, izimali zokutshala imali ezinemali ebhaliselwe kakhulu ngoJuni kwakuyimali yesikhathi eside engaguquki kanye nemali engenayo engaguquki yamazwe omhlaba ene-885 kanye ne-773 million euros, ngokulandelana, ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva enikezwe yi-Association of Collective Investment Institutions and Pension Funds (Inverco) .
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mbiko ukhombisa ukuthi izikhwama zemiholo ezihleliwe zesikhathi eside yibo abanemali engenayo ephezulu kakhulu ngonyaka we-2019 nge-1.987 million euro. Ngokunjalo, imali engenayo engaguquki yamazwe omhlaba ebhalisiwe ebhalisiwe ngoJuni ngenani lama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-217 futhi yisigaba esiqoqa ukungena okuphezulu kakhulu ngonyaka ngama-euro ayizigidi eziyi-1.557, kuphela kudlulwe yimali engenayo yesikhathi eside.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, izimali zokubuyisa ngokuphelele zigcine ukuthambekela kwezinyanga ezidlule kwathi engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka kwaqoqwa ukuphuma okuphelele kwama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-2.241. Ilandelwa yizimali ezihlanganyelwe ze-Euro equity mutual (ingafaki iSpain) ngenzuzo ephelele ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala zika-2019 zama-euro ayizigidi eziyi-1.496. I-Association of Collective Investment Institutions and Pension Funds nayo iyakuqinisekisa ukuthi maqondana nokuhamba kwemali, izimali zokutshala imali zethule isimilo ngoJuni nezimali ezikhokhelwe ezibhalisiwe zama-euro ayizigidi eziyi-12. Ngonyaka wonke, bayanqwabelana ukuhlengwa okuphelele kwe- € 387 wezigidi.
Izimali zokutshala imali ezihlaza
Kule ndawo yokutshalwa kwezimali, uBanco Santander ubuye abonakale njengomholi eSpain kwizimali zokutshala imali ezibhekele umphakathi (SRI), enezimpahla ezingaphezu kuka-66% zale mikhiqizo ephethwe yiSantander Asset Management. Lapho okuyintsha entsha ukuthi iSantander AM yethule isikhwama sokutshala imali sika 'amabhondi aluhlaza'. Ukuba umkhuba abanye abaphathi abawuthuthukisile, kuzwelonke nangaphandle kwemingcele yethu. Njengokunye okunye ukwenza ukonga kube nenzuzo ngomkhiqizo okhetheke njengalona. Ngengxenye ecacile yemvelo kusukela ekuqaleni.
Ngoba empeleni, iSantander Asset Management iqinise uhla lwayo lwezimali zokutshala imali esimeme ngokwethulwa kwe-Santander Sostenible Bonos, umkhiqizo ohlose abasindisi abalondolozayo abazotshala iphothifoliyo yabo ezindabeni ikakhulukazi 'zebhondi ezihlaza' (isikweletu senkampani esenzelwe ukuxhasa amaphrojekthi aluhlaza : amandla ahlanzekile, ukunciphisa ukungcola ...), okuzosizakala ngolunye uhlobo 'lwezibopho ezizinzile', njengezenhlalo, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu noma izibopho zemvelo, konke kugxile ekwenziweni kwemithelela emihle emphakathini nakwezemvelo.
Izimali ezibhekele umphakathi
Lokhu kungenye yezindlela ezikhona ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zale mikhiqizo emiselwe ukutshalwa kwezimali kwangasese. Lapho abatshalizimali abangakhetha ukutshala izimali ezingamapotifoliyo abo ngokuya ngezinkampani ezinemigomo yokuziphatha, kwezenhlalo noma kwezemvelo, ngendlela evumela ukuthi uzivumelanise nezinkolelo zakho, ngaphandle kwenzuzo abangayinikeza ababhalisile bakho. Empeleni, azingcono futhi azimbi kunezinye izimali zokutshala imali, kepha zehlukile. Ngokwangempela emkhakheni wemali, akungabazeki ukuthi izimali zingatholakala ezisekela iphothifoliyo yazo ezindinganisweni zokuziphatha zebhizinisi noma ezinye ezibeka umkhawulo wokungatshali imali ekukhiqizeni izikhali, ekukhiqizeni isiphuzo esidakayo kanye nasezimbonini zokukhiqiza. Ugwayi.
Ngisho nezinhloso zayo ziya phambili ezinhlosweni ezilandelwa yile mikhiqizo yezezimali. Akumangalisi ukuthi ezinye izimali zokutshala imali nikela ngo-0,5% wemali yokuphatha kuzinhlangano ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni yalesi sikhwama, kanti ezinye zenzelwe ukongiwa kanye nokuvuselelwa kwamasonto ababhishobhi abayingxenye yeArtistic Heritage yaseSpain. Ukuze ngale ndlela abaphathi bokufanayo bakwazi ukusiza ngale misebenzi, kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi bangenza inzuzo yabo ngokulondoloza kusuka kucebo lokutshala imali elihluke ngokuphelele kwamanye amamodeli.
Kususelwa kubumbano
Lawa mafomethi awahlukile ekunikezelweni kwamanje okunikezwa izimali zokutshala imali. Uma kungenjalo, kunalokho, kukhona amanye amafomethi afana ne- kuxhunyaniswe nobumbano. Ubizo lokutshala imali olukubandakanya ukutholwa kwemali engenayo yesikhashana yomphakathi neyangasese ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi bokutshalwa kwamakhasimende, ukuzama ukuthola, ngasikhathi sinye, inzuzo ephezulu. Isikhathi esilinganiselwe sephothifoliyo yemali engaguquki kulinganiselwa isikhathi esiyizinyanga eziyi-12 kuye kwezingu-48.
Noma ngisho ne ukusimama futhi inhloso yawo ukutshala imali ezinkampanini ezibhekwa njengokutshalwa kwemali okusimeme. Ukuqonda njengotshalo-mali olunjalo kulezi zinkampani ezikwazi ukuhlanganisa amathuba ezemvelo, ezenhlalo nezokuphatha kanye nezingcuphe ezinhlelweni zazo nasemisebenzini yokusebenza ngombono wokwakha inani esikhathini esimaphakathi nesikhathi eside somtshalizimali. Ngezimali ezahlukahlukene zokutshala ezikhona ekunikezelweni kwamanje kwezinkampani zokuphatha.
Iziphakamiso zokusungula ezintsha
Amanye amamodeli, kunalokho, agxilisa ukunaka kwawo ekuphakameni kweziphakamiso zawo zokutshala imali. Ngokuya emikhakheni kuncane kakhulu okuhloliwe ngabaphathi bamazwe omhlaba kuze kube manje. Leli icala elithile lomkhiqizo obizwa Izinsimbi Zomhlaba zeMSCI Nezimayini. Inhloso yakhe enkulu ukuthola inzuzo ephezulu kakhulu yalowo obambe iqhaza ngokutshalwa kwezimali okuningi kwizibambiso ikhishwe ngofeleba abakhulu nabaphakathi egxila kwimisebenzi yabo ikakhulu emkhakheni wezinto zokusetshenziswa. Lezi zimali zigxile kakhulu endaweni ye-euro, kepha nakwabanye, njengamanye amazwe angamalungu e-OECD.
Lezi yizimali zokutshala imali ezithi banolaka kakhulu futhi izinga lokuguquguquka kwalo liphakeme kakhulu. Ukufika ezingeni lokuthi kunemali eningi engalahleka endleleni, yize ngesizathu esifanayo senza inzuzo engaziwa kwezinye izimali zokutshala imali. Ngale ndlela, kuyimodeli ehloselwe iphrofayili yomtshali-mali echazwe kahle kakhulu futhi ongumsebenzisi onolaka kakhulu ofuna izimbuyiselo eziphezulu kunezinye izinhlobo zokucatshangelwa. Ukuba uhlobo lokubheja kokutshala imali okuhloswe ngalo kubatshalizimali ngephrofayili enolaka kakhulu. Njengokunye okunye abasebenzisi okufanele bakwenze ukuthola umkhiqizo ngalezi zici.
Imikhiqizo ejwayelekile eminingi
Kukhona njalo insiza yokukhetha amafomula ajwayelekile kakhulu emkhakheni wesikhwama sokutshala imali. Futhi inketho eyodwa imelwe ngokutshala imali kwizilinganiso zezwekazi elidala futhi icaciswe kakhulu nge I-Eurostoxx 35. Ukuze ngale ndlela, bavumela umtshalizimali ukuthi amele emalini yaseYurophu ngaphandle kokuvezwa ngqo emakethe yamasheya. Lapho ungadingi ukubheja kunani elithile ngoba uzotshala imali yakho ezinkampanini ezimele kakhulu endaweni ye-euro. Yize kunenkinga yokungayiqoqi ngokugcwele inzuzo etholakalayo yemakethe yamasheya yaseYurophu, ngaphezu kokubandakanya izindleko namakhomishini aphezulu kunokutshala imali emakethe yamasheya, kwesinye isikhathi okungakhuphukela ku-3%.
Lesi siphakamiso sokutshalwa kwemali sihlukaniswa nesidingo se- ulwazi oluncane yemisebenzi eyenziwe etholakala ekutshalweni kwemali enkombeni yemakethe ngaphandle kwengozi yemali. Lokho ukusho ukuthi, imali yakhona eyi-euro futhi ngoba yizinkampani eziqiniswe kakhulu ku-panorama yebhizinisi yezwekazi elidala. Ukutshalwa kwezimali okuncane ukufaka lezi zimali kuncike kubuntu babo, kepha njengamanje kunemikhiqizo engabhaliswa kusuka kuma-euro angama-500 kuphela, noma ngabe ukuze utshalomali lukhiqize imiphumela efiselekayo ngokwenzuzo ebonakalayo kudingekile faka cishe ama-euro angama-5.000 okungenani.
Izikhundla zokutshala imali kwi-Intanethi
Ungathola futhi ngaphakathi kwezimali zokutshala imali ngohlobo oluthile lezo ezibeka imali emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe obusha, ikakhulukazi nge-Intanethi. Lapho kutshalwa khona imali emikhakheni ehlukene ehlobene nalokhu kusakazwa okukhulu. Phakathi kwalabo abavelele ukuhweba kwe-electronic, isofthiwe, i-hardware, abathengisi abaku-inthanethi, njll Lezi, ezimweni eziningi, yizinkampani ezinikeza okulindelwe okuhle kakhulu kokukhula futhi ezinamandla amakhulu wokubuyekeza futhi ngaphezulu kweminye imikhakha kwizimali.
Ubuchwepheshe obusha bungenye yezindlela ezithakazelisa kakhulu zokwanelisa lesi sifiso ohlangothini lwabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi enye yezindlela ezilula yokwenza lesi sidingo yenziwe ngezimali zokutshala imali zalezi zici. Ikakhulukazi labo abavela ezindaweni ezithile, njengeChina namanye ama-dragons ase-Asia. Kunoma ikuphi, kungumnikelo obalulekile okhona kuziphakamiso ezinikezwa izinkampani zokuphathwa kwamazwe omhlaba kumakhasimende abo. Yize kunamakhomishini avame ukukhululeka. Kepha kuvela njengenye yezinto ezintsha abatshalizimali abanazo kusukela manje. Ngezimali ezahlukahlukene zokutshala ezikhona ekunikezelweni kwamanje kwezinkampani zokuphatha.