Imakethe yamasheya yaseSpain ithengiswa ngo-rokuguqukayo Ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-40.879, ama-2,7% angaphansi kwenyanga edlule no-13,7% ngaphansi kwesibalo sonyaka odlule. Lapho inani lezingxoxo kulesi sikhathi lehle ngo-19,2% uma kuqhathaniswa nenyanga edlule, laya ezigidini ezingama-3,39. Ingaphansi ngo-12,9% kunangenyanga efanayo yonyaka odlule. Le mininingwane esemthethweni ikhombisa inzalo encane evela kubatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Njengoba kunikezwe izimo eziphezulu zokuguquguquka okwethulwe izimakethe zezimali ezinyangeni ezedlule.
Lapho kunezinsuku ezimbalwa kakhulu ezisele kuze kube sekupheleni konyaka, sisengakwazi ukwenza inzuzo ngokuhweba emakethe yamasheya. Ngokusebenzisa amasu athile okutshala imali okungeke kube nzima kakhulu ukuwenza futhi singawuqeda ngawo unyaka wokuhweba sinethemba elikhulu lokuthi siwuqale. Ngaphakathi kokuqukethwe okujwayelekile ezimakethe zezezimali okungamemezi ithemba. Uma kungenjalo, kunalokho, kusizakala kakhulu ukuthi senze ngokuqapha okukhulu ezinyakazweni esizozithuthukisa kusukela manje kuqhubeke.
Kunoma yimaphi amacala, angaba imisebenzi eshesha kakhulu ngenhloso yokwenza imisebenzi izuze esikhathini esifushane kakhulu. Akunasimo esibhekiswe kumatemu amade kakhulu azodinga esinye isimo ezimakethe zezimali. Futhi uma kungenzeka kwizibambiso ezingamanzi kakhulu, lapho singangena khona futhi siphume ezikhundleni zabo ngaphandle kwenkinga. Ngokulungiswa okungcono entengweni yokuthengiwe nokuthengiswa kwamanani wamakethe yamasheya futhi lokho kungenye yezinjongo zethu ezifanele kakhulu kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Kulokho okwenziwa njengecebo elikhethekile kakhulu lokutshala imali lokuphela kwalo nyaka.
Khetha amanani kagesi
Ifomula enhle yokuqeda unyaka kahle kakhulu ngukuthengwa nokuthengiswa kwamasheya emakethe yamasheya kulo mkhakha. Inikeza ukuphepha okukhulu ezikhathini eziyinkimbinkimbi zezimakethe zezimali, njengoba kuzokwenzeka eminyakeni ezayo. Ngoba empeleni, kukhiqiza ifayili le- ukubuya okungaguquki nokuqinisekisiwe kokuzungeza u-6%. Ukuze ngale ndlela, ukwazi ukwakha iphothifoliyo yemali engenayo engaguquki kokuguqukayo nanoma yini eyenzekayo ezimakethe zezezimali. Lokho wukuthi, izokunikeza ukuphepha okwengeziwe kunezinye izinhlobo zeziphakamiso emakethe yamasheya.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, uzobe ukuqinisekisile ukuthi ngenkathi imakethe yamasheya iwa, kwakuyizindinganiso ngqo zomkhakha kagesi ezenze kahle kakhulu kuzo zonke izimakethe zomhlaba. Ngalo mqondo, akungabazeki ukuthi izingozi ziphansi ekusebenzeni okwenziwe kulezi zinsuku. Njengobuntu bayo njengendawo ephephile lapho kunokungazinzi ezimakethe zezimali. Ngokwezinga la magugu akhona kuzikhundla zokutshalwa kwezimali zabaphathi abaningi bakazwelonke nabamazwe omhlaba.
Faka imali ku-oyela
Ngenye indlela onayo kulokhu ukwenza ukonga kwakho kube nenzuzo ngendlela esebenza kahle kakhulu. Igcina ukuthambekela okucacile okuphezulu okungakunika injabulo engaphezu kweyodwa kulezi zinyanga ezimbalwa ezizayo. Ngalo mqondo, ungatshala imali kwigolide elimnyama ngokuthengwa kwamasheya ezinkampanini zikawoyela okwamanje ezinamanani aqinile kakhulu. Yize emakethe yamasheya yaseSpain unenkampani eyodwa ebhalwe nalezi zici. Imayelana ne- I-Repsol futhi inokulinganiswa okulinganiselwa kuma-euro angama-15 ngesabelo ngasinye.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ungakhetha futhi izimali ezihlanganyelwe noma ezifakwe kuhlu abasekela iphothifoliyo yabo kuzimpahla zezezimali zalolu hlobo. Yize lena kuyimikhiqizo yokutshala imali ehloselwe isikhathi eside. Futhi kwesinye isikhathi ngokuhlanganisa utshalomali nezinye izimpahla, zombili ezisuselwa kumali engenayo engaguquguquki nakungeniso eguquguqukayo noma nakwezinye izinhlobo. Kungaba mnandi kakhulu ukwehlukanisa utshalomali futhi kungukuthi kungagxilwe kunoma yikuphi ukuphepha noma impahla yezezimali.
Izintela zokuphromotha
Uma ungumtshali-zimali onephrofayili evikela kakhulu noma yokongiwa kwemvelo, isixazululo ezinkingeni zakho singamelwa yimali ediphozithi yesikhathi esinqunyiwe. Kepha hhayi noma ngubani, kepha ngabakhangisayo okuyibo abanikeza inzuzo enhle kakhulu okwamanje, efinyelela ezingeni lenzalo esondele ku-2%. Yize, ngokuphambene nalokho, kudinga ukuqashwa isikhathi esifushane futhi lokho isukela ezinyangeni ezi-1 kuye kwezi-6. Ngenzuzo yokuthi lo mkhiqizo awunamakhomishini nezinye izindleko ekuphathweni nasekugcinweni kwawo.
Kumele kugcizelelwe futhi ukuthi lesi sigaba semali egcinwe emabhange singaba wutshalomali lokuvala. Lokho, okwesikhashana uze ubuyele ezimakethe zezimali. Ukuze ngale ndlela, ukwazi isiqinisekiso sokonga ngokumelene nokungazinzi ukukhombisa izikhwama. Ngoba ekugcineni uzothola imali yakho futhi unezimbuyiselo ezincane ezinganelisa iqiniso lokubhalisa lo mkhiqizo wasebhange. Okungukuthi, ngemuva kwakho konke, enye yezinhloso zakho eziyinhloko. Ngoba kungukusebenza ngaphandle kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lobungozi.
Izingodo zegolide
Lokhu kungenye indlela yokutshala imali ebonakala ngokuvela kwayo okukhulu futhi engasebenzisa amathuba aphakeme afinyelelwe yigolide ezinyangeni ezedlule. Njengendawo ephephile, ingakusiza ngezikhathi zesiyaluyalu ezimakethe zezimali. Kepha kulokhu, imigoqo yegolide ihambisana nawo wonke amaphrofayili wabatshalizimali njengoba enjalo bangaqasha kusuka kuma-euro angama-60 kuphela namanani adingeka kakhulu futhi kuya ngokuncamelayo abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi abangaba nakho.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngalesi sikhathi ungeke ukhohlwe ukuthi lo mkhiqizo okungukuthi ngokusekelwe kwenye yezimpahla zezimali ezihamba phambili kakhulu kulo nyaka okhona. Lapho inzuzo yayo ingaphezu kwama-30% nangaphezulu kwalokho okwenziwe ngokuthengwa nokuthengiswa kwamasheya ezimakethe zezimali. Akumangalisi ukuthi kunabatshalizimali abaningi abaqondisa imali yabo ukwenza imali yabo itholakale ekutshaleni inzuzo. Ngaphandle kolunye uchungechunge lokucatshangelwa kwezobuchwepheshe futhi kusukela ekubukeni kwezisekelo zayo.
Izibopho zekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu
Ngaphakathi kwemali engenayo engaguquki, enye indlela engcono kakhulu imelwe yilesi sigaba semikhiqizo yezezimali, okuyiso esisebenza kahle kakhulu kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Yize kungangabazeki ukuthi kungukutshalwa kwemali lokho ayiphikisani nengozi ngenxa yezici ezikhethekile zezimakethe ezingenayo ezingaguquki kulezi zinyanga. Kepha okungenani kuzokunikeza iziqinisekiso ezithile lapho kwenzeka ukuphahlazeka kwemakethe yesitoko. Kepha ukukhetha kakhulu ekukhetheni lezi zimpahla zezezimali zalokhu kufana.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, banikela ngenani lenzalo eliphakathi kuka-3% no-5% ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi futhi kuya ngokuthi izimakethe zezezimali ziguqukela kanjani. Ngoba iqiniso elincane ukuthi ungathola okunye ukumangala okungaholela ekushintsheni imikhiqizo yezezimali. Kepha noma kunjalo, ngaphakathi kwamabhonasi wekhwalithi ephezulu unenzuzo enkulu onayo amamodeli amaningi lapho ukwenza khona imisebenzi yakho lapha. Njengokukhetha, ukutshalwa kwezimali ezimakethe zezimali.
Amanani wenani
Yindlela yokugcina onayo njengamanje futhi esekwe ekutshaleni imali kwizibambiso ezinenani futhi ezehle eminyakeni edlule. Enye yezinzuzo zayo ukuthi amandla aphezulu kuphakeme kakhulu kunezinye izinkampani ezibalwe. Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubalulekile futhi ukubeka ngokusobala okukhethekile iqiniso lokuthi la masheya abela isabelo esihle phakathi kwabaninimasheya.
Ngethuba langempela lokuthi eminyakeni embalwa inani lingahle likhuphukele entengo yalo ebekiwe nokuthi kungaba njalo phakathi kuka-10% no-20% kwezinye izimo. Kunoma ikuphi, zingamanani okufanele ube nawo kuphothifoliyo yakho ngaso sonke isikhathi ngoba kuyithuba elihle lebhizinisi ezimakethe zezimali ukwenza imali yakho itholakale emakethe yamasheya inenzuzo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenye yezindlela zakamuva ezimakethe zezimali nangaphezulu kwamanye amasu okutshala imali.
Ukuhweba ngamasheya: Umhlangano kaKhisimusi
Ekugcineni, awukwazi ukukhohlwa ukuthenga amasheya ezinsukwini zokugcina zonyaka ngoba kulapho kwenzeka khona le nhlangano ekhuphuka intengo yokulinganiswa kwezinkampani ezisohlwini. Emazingeni angafika ku-15% noma nangaphezulu kuziphakamiso zokusika ezinolaka kakhulu. Kungumkhuba okhawulelwe kepha cishe uqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhle ngoba kukhula cishe njalo ngonyaka ezinyangeni zokugcina noma ezinyangeni ezimbili zokugcina zonyaka ezizophela ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenye yezindlela zakamuva ezimakethe zezimali nangaphezulu kwamanye amasu okutshala imali.