Mhlawumbe abatshalizimali abaningi abazi ukuthi ukuphepha okuthile kuvela ezimakethe zezimali ukuze bakwazi ukuqashwa. Lezi yiziphakamiso zemakethe yamasheya ezingaziwa, kepha zingasetshenziselwa ukwenza imisebenzi ibe nenzuzo, yize kunengozi yokuthi izibambiso esezivele zisungulwe ngokushoda kwemakethe okuqhubekayo. Njalo ngonyaka kuvela izinkampani ezingaphezu kweziyishumi zalezi zici futhi ngokuvamile ezihlanganiswa nalokho okuthiwa Enye iMakethe Yesitoko (MAB). Zisohlwini lwemali ephansi kakhulu futhi kungaholela ekwandiseni i-radar yokusebenza kwakho emakethe yamasheya.
Yinkampani efuna ezimakethe zezimali izindlela zayo ukuze thola imali ukwenza imigqa yayo yebhizinisi. Vele, akuzona izinkampani ezaziwa kakhulu, noma kubatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi futhi lokhu kwenza kube nzima ngevolumu yokuhweba ukuthi ibe nkulu ngokwanele ukuthi ikucabangele kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Akumangalisi ukuthi kunezihloko ezimbalwa kakhulu ezishintshaniswa ngesandla ngezikhathi zemakethe yamasheya. Lokhu kubangela ukuntengantenga kokuguqulwa kwamanani abo kube ngokweqile impela.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungabonakala ukuthi umehluko phakathi kwabo amanani aphezulu nesezingeni eliphansi zihambisana kakhulu. Futhi kunoma yikuphi, ngenhla kwalokho okuboniswa ngamanani aholayo ezabelo zamazwe. Ngezihloko ezimbalwa kakhulu, amanani angathathwa aye kolunye uhlangothi noma kwesinye isimo futhi kulesi simo kungashiwo ukuthi amanani angalawulwa kakhulu ngezandla eziqinile zezimakethe zezimali. Ngakho-ke, akungabazeki ukuthi izingozi zisanda kwenzeka futhi kufanele unakekele ngokukhethekile lapho utshala imali kulezi zimpahla zezimali. Ngaphandle kokunye ukucatshangelwa kobuchwepheshe futhi kusukela ekubukeni kwezisekelo zayo.
Amanani ku-MAB
Ingxenye enhle yalokhu kubonakala ezimakethe zezimali zenzeka e-Alternative Stock Market, eyaziwa kangcono njenge-MAB. Yilapho amanani we- osonhlamvukazi abaphansi futhi kunoma yisiphi isimo kubhekiswa ezinkampanini ezincane kakhulu ezifisa ukuzikhokhela zona ezimakethe zezimali. Amagama abo azoba matsha kuwe ngisho nabatshalizimali abanolwazi kakhulu ezimakethe zezezimali. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi bake baba kulesi simo isikhathi esifushane kakhulu. Ngamanye amagama, afakwe kuhlu kwezinye izimakethe zokulingana ngakho-ke awaziwa kahle phakathi kwabenzeli abahlukahlukene bezezimali. Kepha kunalokho okuphambene.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, babonakala nge iziphambano ngamanani abo aziphakeme njengamanani ajwayelekile ngokwengeziwe. Banokusikwa okuthile ngesikhathi sokuhweba lapho amanani abo abekwa khona. Lokhu ngokwenza kusho ukuthi kunzima kakhulu ukusebenza nabo kusuka kunoma iyiphi indawo yokubuka. Lokhu okunye kokuphazamiseka okufanele ubhekane nakho ngalezi zenzo ezikhethekile. Umehluko omkhulu okuzodingeka ukuthi ubhekwe.
Amanani amasha: I-Almagro Capital
Ibhodi labaPhathi be-MAB livume ukufakwa kwenkampani i-Almagro Capital Socimi ngemuva kokuhlaziya imininingwane eyethulwe yinkampani futhi kanye umbiko wokuhlola kuvuna iKomidi Lokuxhumanisa kanye Nenhlangano. Ukuqala kokuxoxisana kwenkampani kwenzeka ngoJanuwari 16. Ikhodi yokuhweba yenkampani izoba "YAC1". IRenta 4 Corporate, SA ingumeluleki obhalisiwe wenkampani kanti iRenta 4 Banco, SA izosebenza njengoMhlinzeki Wokuhlinzeka Ngotshwala.
Ibhodi labaqondisi lenkampani lisungule i- inani lesethenjwa ngesabelo ngasinye saso esingu-1,07 euros, esimele inani eliphelele lenkampani lama-euro ayizigidi eziyi-10. Kunoma ikuphi, kungukuphepha kofeleba okuncane okubandakanya imisebenzi eyingozi, okungenani okwamanje ngoba ayinaso isizinda esingokomlando sokwenza ukuqhathanisa okuthembekile. Ngokufanayo, ayinayo intengo ebhekiwe yokuyithatha njengomthombo oyisethenjwa wokusebenza kwayo ezimakethe zezimali.
U-Euripo uqala ukuhweba
Ibhodi labaqondisi be-MAB liphinde lavuma ukufakwa kwenkampani i-Euripo Properties Socimi ngemuva kokuhlaziya imininingwane eyethulwe yinkampani futhi uma sekukhishwe umbiko omuhle wokuhlolwa kwekomidi lokuhlanganisa nokuhlanganisa. Ukuqala kokuxoxisana kwenkampani kwenzeka ezinsukwini zokuqala zonyaka omusha.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ikhodi yokuhweba yenkampani izoba yi- "YEPS", futhi izinkontileka zayo zizokwenziwa ngohlelo lwamanani entengo. "Iyalungisa". I-Renta 4 Corporate ngumeluleki obhalisiwe kanti iRenta 4 Banco izosebenza njengomhlinzeki wempahla ethengiswayo. Ibhodi labaqondisi benkampani libeke inani lesethenjwa kumasheya alo ngalinye le- I-22 euro, emele inani eliphelele lenkampani lama-euro ayizigidi eziyi-110.
Izengezo ezengeziwe ku-MAB
Ibhodi labaqondisi be-MAB livume ukufakwa emakethe yeRent and Living ngemuva kokuhlaziya imininingwane eyethulwe yinkampani futhi kanye nombiko omuhle wokuhlolwa ukudidiyelwa kanye nokufakwa. Ukuqala kwezingxoxo kwenzeke ezinsukwini zokugcina zanyakenye. Ngalezi zengezo, inani lamaSocimis avumile ukuhweba kwi-MAB ngonyaka we-2018 afinyelela kuma-20, engeza izinkampani ezingama-64. Ngezinkampani ezi-5 ezibalwe ku-Stock Exchange, inani eliphelele lamaSocimis limi kuma-69.
Ikhodi yezingxoxo zokuqashisa izothi “YARP”; futhi leyo kaVivenio, "YVIV". Ukuthengwa kwezinkampani zombili kuzokwenziwa ngohlelo "lokulungisa" amanani entengo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iRenta 4 Corporate ngumeluleki obhalisiwe kanti iRenta 4 Banco isebenza njengomhlinzeki wempahla ezimeni zombili ezibalulwe. Ngenkathi kwenzeka okuphambene, inani lesethenjwa kumasheya ngamunye we-Arrienda lisethwe kuma-2,74 euros, kwaletha inani lenkampani kuma-euro ayizigidi ezingama-56,4. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iVivenio isungule inani lesabelo ngasinye kuma-euro angu-1,15, okumele inani eliphelele lama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-329,4.
Ubudlelwano nezimpahla zezimali
Imakethe yamasheya yaseSpain ithengise ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-587.479 kuma-equities ngo-2018 ngemuva kokubhalisa ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-38.768 ngoDisemba, ama-5,4% angaphansi kukaNovemba no-18,7% ngaphansi kwenyanga efanayo yonyaka odlule. I- inani lezingxoxo yenyanga yayingu-3,1 million, 15,8% ngaphansi kwenyanga edlule no-5,7% ingaphansi kukaDisemba 2017. Engxenyeni yama-Warrants and Certificates, kwathengiswa ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-41,3 ngoDisemba 2018, u-16,9% ngaphansi kwenyanga edlule no-44,6% ngaphezulu kunangoDisemba 2017. Inani lezingxoxo belimi kuma-7.059, u-11,5% ngaphansi kunangoNovemba no-12,4% ngaphezu kwenyanga efanayo yonyaka odlule. Inani lezinto ezivunyelwe ukuhweba ngoDisemba lifike ku-5.173, 9% ngaphansi kunonyaka odlule.
Esigabeni se-Exchange Traded Funds (ETF), kwathengiswa ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-181,4, ama-22,7% angaphansi kwenyanga edlule no-39,4% ngaphansi kwenyanga efanayo yonyaka odlule. Inani lezingxoxo belingaphezulu kuka-6.628, 42,8, 12,1% kunangoNovemba no-XNUMX% ngaphezu kwenyanga efanayo yonyaka odlule. Imakethe ye- Okuphuma kwezezimali ichithwe i-2018 ngevolumu yokuhweba edayiswa ngama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-683.243. Ithole ukuhweba kwanda ngo-1,2% engxenyeni ye-Futures ku-IBEX 35 ngonyaka wonkana, kuyilapho i-Options enkombeni ikhiphe u-2,8%, ngemuva kokuthuthukisa u-16,6% ngenyanga edlule yonyaka.
Izinkontileka ezitholakele
Ukuhweba ngezinkontileka ezisuselwe kokuhlobene nokubiyela ubungozi bezabelo kubhalise ukwanda okungu-63,1% ku- Ikusasa ku-IBEX Umthelela Wokwahlukaniswa. Izinketho zamasheya zenyuse ukuhweba kwazo ngenyanga ngo-94,1% (+ 36,2% uma kuqhathaniswa nenyanga efanayo yowezi-2017), zavala unyaka ngokuhambisana nonyaka wezi-2017. Isikhundla esivulekile sezimakethe zeBME's Financial Derivatives sichithe uDisemba 2,3% ngaphezu kwezinga le inyanga edlule. Izinketho kwi-IBEX 35 zenyuse indawo yazo evulekile ngo-13,8% kanye nezinketho zesitoko ngo-4,3%.
Mayelana ne- imali engenayo, ivolumu ethengiswa ngonyaka yayingu-200.757 million euros, 45,1% ngaphezulu kunangonyaka owedlule. Ukuqasha ngoDisemba kukhuphuke ngama-38,4% maqondana nesikhathi esifanayo sonyaka owedlule ngenxa yenkontileka yezimpahla zikazwelonke nezamazwe omhlaba.
Ukusebenza kahle kwe-MARF
Inani le- ukukhishwa okusha okusohlwini lokuhweba kwi-MARF ngoDisemba kufinyelele kuma-euro ayizigidi ezingama-671, okusho ukwanda kwama-226% uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi esifanayo ngo-2017. Umthamo onqwabelene ekupheleni kuka-2018 wawuyizigidi ezingama-6.357 zama-euro, ngemuva kokukhula ngo-60,1% ngonyaka. Umthamo ovelele osakazwayo kule makethe ufinyelele kuma-euro ayizigidi ezingama-3.320, okukhombisa ukukhula kwaminyaka yonke okungama-46,9%.
Ukuhweba ngezinkontileka ezisuselwe kokuhlobene nokubiyela ubungozi bezabelo kubhalise ukwanda okungu-63,1% ku- Ikusasa ku-IBEX Umthelela Wokwahlukaniswa. Izinketho zamasheya zenyuse ukuhweba kwazo ngenyanga ngo-94,1% (+ 36,2% uma kuqhathaniswa nenyanga efanayo yowezi-2017), zavala unyaka ngokuhambisana nonyaka wezi-2017. Isikhundla esivulekile sezimakethe zeBME's Financial Derivatives sichithe uDisemba 2,3% ngaphezu kwezinga le inyanga edlule. Izinketho kwi-IBEX 35 zenyuse indawo yazo evulekile ngo-13,8% kanye nezinketho zesitoko ngo-4,3%.