Ebhekene nalokho okungenzeka ku 2018 Abahlaziyi abaningi bezezimali bakholelwa ukuthi lo msebenzi uzophela ngophawu oluqondile. Yize ingekho ngaphansi kokuqina kokunye ukuvivinya okwandulele. Ngakho-ke ukuthi elinye lamazinga elingatholwa liku- Amaphuzu we-11.000. Noma yini eyeqile kungathathwa njengokumangala okuncane futhi kubhekwe njengomvuzo kubatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Kunoma ikuphi, enye yezinhloso zalokhu kufanele kube ukudala iphothifoliyo elungile futhi elinganiselayo yokutshala okungenzeka ezinyangeni ezizayo. Ngokwalo mbono ekutshalweni kwemali, uchungechunge lwemibono ngalesi sikhathi ngeke kulimaze.
Kufanele sizame ngazo zonke izindlela ukumisa utshalomali ukuthi kuhlukahlukene. Ikakhulu, uma kwenzeka ukuvela kwezimakethe zamasheya kungafuneki ngabatshalizimali. Ukuze ngale ndlela, usesimweni esingcono sokuzivikela ekulahlekelweni okungenzeka kwenziwa izimakethe zezezimali. Ngoba ekugcineni kosuku ukuthi imayelana nokuthi ibhalansi ye-akhawunti yakho yokuhlola ayiphathwa umsebenzi owodwa noma eminingi engahlelwanga kahle kulo nyaka onzima. Lapho cishe noma yini ingenzeka.
Muva nje selokhu IsiKhwama Sezimali Zomhlaba Wonke (IMF) bakuqinisekisile ukuthi u-2018 kuzoba unyaka wokugcina wokuvuselelwa komnotho. Ukuthi izofinyelela ezingxenyeni zenhlalo ezazingakafiki ezinhlokweni ezinwetshiwe zemashi enhle ekukhuleni kwamazwe omhlaba. Lokhu, ngombono, kufanele kuhambise ukulingana okuphezulu ezinyangeni ezizayo. Kepha njengoba wazi kahle, imakethe yamasheya ayinakulindeleka futhi ilindele izehlakalo zomnotho ezingakhula ezinyangeni ezimbalwa noma ngisho neminyaka. Lokhu ngokwesiko bekulokhu kwenzeka iminyaka eminingi. Futhi-ke kuzoqhubeka ukwenzeka, ngoba imakethe yamasheya iyimakethe yamasheya futhi asikho isidingo sokuhlala kulobu budlelwano nezwe lemali elihlale liyinkimbinkimbi.
Ukuphepha: invest by dividend
Elinye lamasu okuqala ongawasebenzisa ukwenza izimpahla zakho zinenzuzo kulo nyaka umholo ohlukanisiwe kumasheya aseSpain ngonyaka ka-2018. Ngaphansi kwale mingcele, amathuba amaningi avulekile kuwe anikeza lesi sici esifanelekile. Ngalomqondo, ukubheja okuphephe kakhulu onakho kusukela manje kuqhubeke ngokungangabazeki ku-Endesa. Le nkampani ihlose ukusabalalisa u-100% wenzuzo etholakele ngalokho ngokusho kweRenta 4 izofinyelela ku-7,2%.
Enye yezinketho ezithakazelisa kakhulu uma ulandela leli su elilondolozayo kakhulu I-Mediaset España. Inenzuzo engu-6,2% ngesabelo ngasinye kanye nemodeli yebhizinisi esebenza ngempela ezweni lethu. Ngaphandle kwalezi ziphakamiso zonke izinkampani zikagesi ezweni ezenza imbuyiselo yokonga kulo mholo wabaninimasheya ophakathi kuka-5% no-6,50%. Imayelana nokuthola imali engenayo engaguquki kokuguqukayo ngaphandle kokubandakanya noma yimuphi umzamo engxenyeni yakho. Ngoba kuyinkokhelo ozoyithola ngendlela ehleliwe futhi eqinisekisiwe minyaka yonke. Ngaphandle kokuvela kwamanani abo ezimakethe zezezimali.
Amandla okukhula angama-20%
Enye yezinhloso eziseqhulwini kulo nyaka ukukhetha amasheya akhula kakhulu ngenzuzo. Kusuka ku-Ahorro Corporación bancoma amanani athile ahlangabezana nalezi zidingo. Ngokwezinga lapho inkampani yokutshala imali iklomelisa ngalo nyaka okhona a 21% amandla kuya kuphothifoliyo yayo ne-Acerinox, i-Enagás, iGesi Yemvelo, iMedaset, iMeliá, iRepsol neTelefonica. Kuzo zonke izimo, lezi iziphakamiso zemali ephezulu ezinzile ukwedlula zonke ezinye izibambiso ezimakethe eziqhubekayo zaseSpain. Ngakho-ke, bazokunikeza ukuzethemba okwengeziwe lapho bethatha isikhundla ezenzweni zabo.
Leli su elizosebenza ukulungisa iphothifoliyo ye- amanani alinganiselayo kakhulu. Akumangalisi ukuthi cishe yonke imikhakha emele kakhulu emakethe yamasheya aseSpain izomelwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, awukwazi ukukhohlwa ukuthi izinzuzo nazo zimelwe kuzo zonke iziphakamiso. Ngomholo wabesifazane onikelwe abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi kule nkathi entsha lapho sicwiliswe khona. Kule ndlela, uzokwazi ukuzivikela kangcono kakhulu ezingozini ezingabonakala kule nkathi. Ayikho indawo yamasheya wokuqagela noma amancane naphakathi kwamakhanda.
Ukutshalwa kwezimali kungakapheli unyaka
Ungathatha futhi iphuzu lokubhekisela kulo nyaka esiwuqalile nje. Ngaleli qhinga, esinye seziphakamiso ezinhle kakhulu sasizokwakhiwa ngamanani enkomba wokukhetha umugqa wokuqala. Isibonelo, iFerrovial, i-ACS, i-Acciona, i-Acerinox neBanco Santander. Yamanye amanani anconywe kakhulu ngabahlaziyi bezezimali. Ngesisindo esithile kubaluleke kakhulu ku-Ibex 35. Ukuze ngale ndlela, ukwazi ukuphindaphinda intengo yayo ngamanye amanani ayo afanele kakhulu. Vele, ngeke bakudumaze uma ukuvela kwabo kuyinto enhle kakhulu kulo nyaka.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwezinye izimo zibhalwe ngaphansi kwe- a Intengo ebalulekile yesaphulelo. Njengomphumela wokusalela emuva kule minyaka nakwedlule. Okuthile okwenzekile ngempela emikhakheni ethile, njengasebhange. Kuyinkomba eyisisekelo yokuvula izikhundla kumasheya kazwelonke. Ngaphezu kokunye ukucatshangelwa kwezobuchwepheshe nokuyisisekelo. Akumangalisi ukuthi lezi zimfihlo ezikhethiwe zisesikhwameni sokutshala imali sabahlaziyi abaningi abadume kakhulu ezimakethe zezezimali. Le ngenye yezinhloso okufanele uzilandele kulo msebenzi osanda kuqala.
Okunye ukumangala ngo-2018
Akukho futhi okubi ngokwabela ingxenye yemali yakho yalolu hlobo lwamanani akhethekile nokuthi yini abangayenza thola imali eningi. Yize kungukushintshaniswa kokuthatha ubungozi obuningi emsebenzini ngamunye owenziwe. Leli su lokutshala imali lingabonakala ngamanani athile akhetheke kakhulu. Kubo bonke labo abamele izinkampani ezinkulu zokwenza imali ezinkulu ezihamba ngokuguquguquka okuningi nokuthi kalula nje bangazuza izinzuzo ezingaphezulu kwama-50% ngemuva kokuzivocavoca okukodwa. Yize kunengozi yokuthi banamakhemikhali amancane angakulimaza lapho uvula noma uvala izikhundla.
Esinye sezibonelo ezibonisa lo mkhuba simelwe yinkampani yezokuxhumana ngocingo Ngaphezulu Ehambayo okwathi ngesikhathi sika-2017 yaphinde yalinganiswa cishe nge-100%. Ukuba kunoma yikuphi okunye kwezinkanyezi ezinkulu kule nkathi. Vele, amanye amanani azongena ezinyangeni ezizayo, yize ikilasi lilele ekutholeni lokhu kuhamba. Omunye walabo abanganikeza okungaphezu kokumangala okuhle kusuka manje ku-Eurona. Kuyisibambiso esincane esibhalwe ku-Alternative Stock Market (MAB) esiseduze nokwenza okukhulu. Kusuka kuma-euro amabili lapho kubhalwe khona njengamanje kungakhuphuka kuze kufike kane uma okulindelwe okwenziwe abanye abahlaziyi bezezimali kuhlangatshezwe.
Olayini bebhizinisi abazinzile
Enye indlela yokwenza utshalomali lube semthethweni ngo-2018 ingamelwa yizinkampani ezigcina indawo ehlanganiswe ngokuphelele yebhizinisi. Leyo ukuthengisa kwakho kuhlala kukuhle nangenqubekela phambili engagunci. Kuzoba isu elinamandla kakhulu ukugwema isimanga esibi ngalesi sikhathi. Bangase bangatholi ukwazisa okumangazayo, kepha okungenani kuzosiza ukuvikela ukonga ngendlela ephumelelayo negculisayo. Amaningi ala masheya aze akhokhe nezabelo kubaninimasheya. Ngamamajini kusuka ku-3% kuya ku-8%. Olunye uhlelo lokukhiqiza inzuzo kwizimali.
Ngalo mqondo, okunye kokuzibophezela okuyinhloko kwenziwa nge izinkampani zikagesi. Imele imigqa ezinze kakhulu yebhizinisi enenzuzo minyaka yonke. Ngoba ekugcineni kosuku banikela ngezinsizakalo ezidingeka kuzo zonke izakhamizi. Izinto zabathengi nazo zingafakwa kuleli qembu. Ikakhulu ezikhathini zomnotho ezinabile lapho ukusetshenziswa kukhula kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, zingaba mnandi kakhulu ukuze ukwazi ukuthatha izikhundla kusuka manje kuqhubeke.
Amanani amaningi asalela emakethe yamasheya
Ekugcineni, lezo zimfihlo ezihweba nge Isaphulelo kumanani abo. Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani besilele emuva eminyakeni yamuva. Uma zibhekwa kahle ngokuyisisekelo, zingaqhuma ngaphezulu nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Futhi kwezinye izimo ezinamandla wokubuyekeza afanele kakhulu. Ngisho nangaphezulu kwamamaki ngaphezu kwama-25%. Ukuba kuzo zonke izimo kucace izinto zokuthengwa ngabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi.
Njengoba ubonile, kulo nyaka omusha uzoba namathuba amasha ebhizinisi. Kuzofanele usebenzise ithuba elifanele ukuvula amathuba ezikhundla ukwenza iminikelo yakho yezezimali ibe nenzuzo. Yize ukuvela kwezimakethe zezezimali kungagculisi ngokuphelele kuzintshisakalo zabasebenzisi. Ngeke ube nokunye ongakwenza ngaphandle kokuba sendaweni efanele ngesikhathi esifanele. Lokhu kuyisihluthulelo sokutshala imali okuhle.