Ukwesaba ukuthi kungahle kube nokuwa ezimakethe zamasheya zamazwe omhlaba kudala ingxenye enhle yabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi ukuthi baqaphele kakhulu ukuvula izikhundla ku izimakethe zokulingana. Kepha kungakanani ukudluliswa kusuka kwimodeli eyodwa yokutshala imali iye kwenye? Ngale ndlela, imininingwane ayicacisi isimo esisha esivezwa njengamanje. Yize kunezinye izimpawu zokuthi izinhloso zabantu abafuna ukwenza izimpahla zabo siqu noma zomndeni zinenzuzo zingaya kuphi.
Kulesi simo esejwayelekile, imakethe yamasheya yaseSpain ithengise ngamanani angama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-40.955 ngenyanga edlule yanyakenye, emele u-11,1% ngaphansi kwenyanga efanayo yonyaka odlule. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inani lezingxoxo ngoNovemba lalingama-3,7 wezigidi, okungukuthi, i-13% iphansi kuneDisemba 2017. Le mininingwane isivele inikeze inkomba yokuthi isibhamu siya kuphi emakethe yezimali. Yize i- ukwehla kancane ezikhundleni abatshalizimali abathengisayo, ababheka ezinye izimpahla zezezimali, kwezinye izimo ngisho nakwezinye izinhlobo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imakethe yemikhiqizo etholakele ngokwezezimali inyuse ukuhweba esikhathini esizayo kunkomba ekhethiwe yamasheya kazwelonke, i- Ibex 35, ku-2% wonyaka onqwabelene. Ngenkathi kwenzeka okuphambene nalokho, izinkontileka zesikhathi esizayo kwizabelo zamasheya zenyuse ukuhweba ngo-77,8% nezinkontileka zesikhathi esizayo kunkomba yomthelela wezabelo zamakethe yamasheya waseSpain ngama-58,9%. Esikhathini samasheya esikhathini esizayo ngoNovemba, ukuhweba kukhuphuke ngo-146,5% uma kuqhathaniswa nenyanga efanayo yonyaka odlule. Isikhundla esivulekile siyakhuphuka maqondana nenyanga edlule ekusaseni lamasheya nakwezinketho kumasheya ngo-4,4% no-6,6%, ngokulandelana, nasezinketho ku-Ibex 35 ngo-6.1%.
Abatshalizimali ezikhundleni eziholile
Mayelana nemali engenayo engaguquki, ivolumu edayiswa ngoZibandlela ikhule ngo-36,2% uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi esifanayo ngonyaka odlule, ngenxa yenkontileka yezimpahla ezivela isikweletu sikazwelonke nesangaphandle. Ukukhuphuka okuhambelana nezinyanga eziyishumi nambili zokuqala konyaka kwakungu-45,5%. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inani lezinkinga ezintsha ezifakiwe zokuhweba kwi-MARF lifinyelele kuma-euro ayizigidi ezingama-520, okusho ukwanda kwe-61,5% uma kuqhathaniswa nenyanga efanayo yonyaka owedlule.
Okunye okuhambisana kakhulu neqiniso lokuthi ivolumu enqwabelene ekupheleni kwezinyanga eziyishumi nambili zokuqala konyaka kwakungu-5.688 million euro, okusho ukwanda ngo-51,1%. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ivolumu esele esakazwayo kule makethe yezezimali ifinyelele kuma-euro ayizigidi ezingama-3.411. Isibalo esimele ukwanda okukhulu okulinganiselwe okungekho ngaphansi futhi okungadluli kuma-36,6%. Ekukhuleni okuhehe ukunakwa okuningi engxenyeni enhle yabenzeli bezezimali bakuleli futhi nakho okuthatha ukubaluleka okukhethekile maqondana isinqumo sabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi kusuka manje.
Kwethulwe imiphumela ye-BME
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inkampani efakwe ohlwini emakethe yamasheya yaseSpain exhunyaniswe ngqo nemisebenzi yabatshalizimali yiBME. Yebo, le nkampani yethule ezimakethe uhlelo lwayo lwamasu eminyakeni emithathu ezayo ngosuku lwayo lokuqala lwabatshalizimali ngenhloso yokwengeza imali engenayo, ukusheshisa ukukhula nokugcina inzuzo yamasheya. Futhi-ke ishiye imininingwane ethile engasebenza kakhulu ezinqumweni zabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi.
Ngalo mqondo, isigaba esisha sokukhula esisekelwa yimodeli yaso yokuphatha eqinile, ukukhuthazwa kwezindawo zayo zamabhizinisi nokukhula okungajwayelekile kungenye yeziphetho ezishiye kulo mhlangano nabezindaba. Njengoba izinsika zohlelo olusha kungukwehlukahlukana nokugxila kwamakhasimende. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isungule ukuthi izokuphinda kabili ukuzibophezela kwayo ekunikezeni inzuzo ephezulu nenqubomgomo ezinzile yezabelo yabaninimasheya.
Umugqa oqinile webhizinisi
Okunye ukuqina kwesitatimende sayo yilokho okukhombisa ukuthi ifisa ukuba ngumhlinzeki wengqalasizinda yezimakethe zaseSpain zezikhungo zezezimali kulo lonke uchungechunge lwamavelu. Izinga lapho uJavier Hernani, oyi-CEO ye-BME, egqamise khona enkulumweni yakhe amandla inkampani okufanele ibhekane nawo nohlelo lwamasu, okuzoba ishidi elisha le umzila wenkampani ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca okulandelayo okuthathu.
Kwelinye inothi, ummeleli weBME ugcizelele ukuthi iyi- imodeli yebhizinisi eqinile futhi inenzuzo, ubudlelwano obuseduze nobesikhathi eside obugcinwayo namakhasimende ayo, ukusebenza kwayo ngobuchwepheshe, ithalente lamaqembu ayo omsebenzi namandla nokwaziwa kohlobo lwayo. "IBME ifuna ukuba ngumhlinzeki wengqalasizinda yezimakethe zaseSpain zezikhungo zezezimali kulo lonke uchungechunge lwamavelu." Ukwenza lokhu, kuzothuthukisa ukusebenza kwezindawo zayo zebhizinisi futhi kufundwe namathuba okukhula okungajwayelekile okukuvumela ukuthi kwehlukanise futhi kunikeze insizakalo enhle kumakhasimende ayo.
Ukuphambukiselwa kweminye imikhiqizo yezezimali
Kunoma ikuphi, kuyiqiniso ukuthi ingxenye ethile yabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi banqume ukubuyela emholweni ongaguquki ngemuva kwesimo esisha izimakethe ezehlukene zezezimali ezikhona njengamanje. Futhi awukwazi ukukhohlwa mayelana ne- kukhuphuke izinga lenzalo yamadiphozithi ebhange wesikhathi esinqunyiwe. Ngoba empeleni, ingxenye enhle yenhlokodolobha yezimali zotshalo-mali idluliselwa kumadiphozithi anenzuzo enkulu athengiswa ngamabhange.
Njengomphumela waleli su lezentengiselwano, inzuzo ingafinyelelwa evame ukwehla phakathi kuka-1% no-2% ngokukhokha okungaguquguquki futhi okuqinisekisiwe njalo ngonyaka. Yize kunenkinga yokuthi imali kuzodingeka ikhubazeke isikhathi eside noma esincane. Kodwa ngale ndlela, izingxabano ezingenzeka ezimakethe zezimali ziyagwenywa futhi lokho kungavela kulo nyaka onzima esiwuqalile nje. Ngenye indlela ehloselwe abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi abanephrofayli evikela kakhulu ukwenza imisebenzi yabo yokutshala imali.
Ukubuyela kwisikweletu
Omunye umphumela walokhu ukungazinzi ezimakethe zezimali Kususelwa ekungabikho kokukhanga ekutshalweni kwemali. Hhayi emikhiqizweni yezokulingana kuphela, kodwa futhi nemali engenayo engaguquki inikezela ngezimbuyiselo ezingezinhle neze, kakhulu. Ngeke sikhohlwe ukuthi unyaka we-2018 ubone omunye weminyaka enzima kakhulu yokutshalwa kwezimali nokuthi kubangele ingxenye enhle yabatshalizimali ukuthi bashiye izimali zotshalo-mali ngokusebenzisa ukuhlengwa kwabo okuhambisanayo.
Inhloso enkulu yalezi zenzo akukhona ukuqhubekela phambili kufayela le- ukulahlekelwa kwemali akhiqiziwe kulezi zinyanga. Ngokokuqala ngqa eminyakeni eminingi, njengoba bethunywe ukuthi badalule izinhlangano zabatshalizimali ngabanye. Lapho okufunwa ngaphezu kokunye ukucatshangelwa kuyimali kuma-akhawunti amanje. Kulesi simo esivamile, akunakushiwo ukuthi lesi yisikhathi esihle sokwenza ukonga kube nenzuzo. Hhayi kancane futhi ngokuhambisana nezitayela ezibeka izimakethe eziningi zezezimali.
Amathuba ebhizinisi
Kunoma ikuphi, kufanele kukhunjulwe ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi noma esimweni esibi kakhulu, kuyohlale kunamathuba wangempela okwenza ibhizinisi emkhakheni wokutshala imali. Ingxenye eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu yokusebenzisa leli qhinga isuselwa ekutholeni lezi zimakethe zemakethe ngoba lolu hlelo luyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kulo mzuzu oqondile nasesimweni sezomnotho esikhona manje. Kuphi kuphela abatshalizimali abanolwazi oluningi basesimweni sokufinyelela izimpahla zezezimali ngamandla amakhulu okukhula. Imvamisa kusuka ezimakethe ezihlukile, njengezinto zokusetshenziswa noma izinsimbi eziyigugu.
Kunoma ikuphi, kuhlala kwamukeleka kakhulu ukuba nesikweletu kwi-akhawunti yamanje kunikezwe amathuba angavela ezimakethe zezezimali. Hhayi ngeze, zingavela okwamanje lapho ungakulindelanga futhi kulesi simo ngeke kube khona okunye ongakwenza ngaphandle kokuba ne- izimali ezanele ezanele ku-akhawunti yokonga yasebhange. Njengabanye babahlaziyi bezezimali abahlonishwa kakhulu emakethe yemali bebelokhu bencoma.
Ngokuphetha, yinye kuphela into eqinisekile futhi engekho omunye unyaka omunye kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukwenza ukonga kube nenzuzo njengoba ufuna kusukela ekuqaleni. Kepha ngokuphambene kuzofanele unake kakhulu konke okwenzekayo kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Kokubili maqondana namasheya nemali engenayo engaguquki ngisho nakumamodeli ahlukile kunazo zonke. Ingxenye eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu yokusebenzisa leli qhinga isuselwa ekutholeni lezi zimakethe zemakethe ngoba lolu hlelo luyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kulo mzuzu oqondile.