Ziyini izimali zokutshala imali

Izimali zombili ziyindlela enhle yokusebenzisa imali yethu

Abantu abaningi bakwazile ukonga ngaphezu kokujwayelekile phakathi nobhadane futhi manje bayazibuza ukuthi bangenzani ukuze bathole imali ethe xaxa ngalokhu abanakho vele. Enye yezinketho ezilula ukuthola ibhange elikukhokhelayo ngokuba nemali kwi-akhawunti. Esimweni esinjalo, Enye yezindlela ezizuzisa kakhulu ukufaka ingxenye yemali esiyongele esikhwameni sokutshala imali. Kodwa yiziphi izimali ezihlangene? Zisebenza kanjani?

Sifuna ukucacisa umqondo wesikhwama sokubambisana futhi sichaze kahle ukuthi sisebenza kanjani. Kuyalulekwa futhi ukuthi wazi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezikhona ukwazi ukuthi iyiphi engaba ngcono kithina. Uma unesithakazelo esihlokweni, qhubeka ufunda.

Siyini isikhwama sokutshala imali nokuthi sisebenza kanjani?

Esikhwameni sokutshala imali, ababambiqhaza abaningana bayahlangana ukuze batshale imali yabo

Uma sikhuluma ngesikhwama esihlanganyelweyo noma esikhwameni sokutshala imali, sibhekisa ku-IIC (isikhungo sokutshala imali esihlangene). Kususelwa emhlanganweni wezimali ezahlukahlukene zabatshalizimali ukuze uzitshale kuzinsimbi ezehlukene zezezimali. Isibopho salesi senzo sinikezwe inkampani yokuphatha. Le kungaba inkampani yezinsizakalo zokutshala imali noma ibhange. Ngamanye amagama: Izimali ezihlangene ziyindlela ehlukile yokutshala imali, njengoba zitshala kuzinsizakusebenza ezehlukene zezezimali ngaleyo ndlela zinciphisa ubungozi (kuya ngohlobo lwesikhwama sokutshala imali esikhethiwe).

Abantu abafaka ingxenye kulesi sikhwama babizwa ngokuthi abahlanganyeli besikhwama. Ukunikelwa kwazo zonke kwakha umkhandlu olawulwa futhi ophethwe yinkampani yabaphathi nenhlangano efake imali, omsebenzi wawo ukuqapha kokubili imali nokuphepha. Iphinde yenze neminye imisebenzi efana nokuqapha nokuqinisekisa ukutshalwa kwezimali.

Ngemuva kokutshala imali kwenye yalezi zimali, umbambiqhaza uthola inani elithile lamasheya. Lokhu kunenani lentengo ehlukile noma inani lentengo usuku ngalunye, njengoba kungumphumela wokwahlukaniswa phakathi kwemali eyenani ngaleso sikhathi nenani lamasheya akhona. Ukuthola imbuyiselo esikhwameni sokutshala imali, kufanele uthengise amasheya. Ngokuvamile, ukuthengisa kungenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ngaphandle kwalezo zimali lapho ukwehluleka kwemali kunqunyelwe ezikhathini ezithile noma ezinsukwini ezithile.

Ukusebenza

Abantu abaningana bayahlangana bakha isikhwama esihlanganyelwe ebhizinisini eligcina imali, njengebhange, inhloso yalo kuphela ukuvikela imali noma izimpahla. Isikhwama sokutshala imali siphethwe yinkampani yokuphatha ekhethekile ekutshalweni kwezimali. Abahlanganyeli, okungukuthi, abantu abafake imali esikhwameni, bathola amaphesenti abo okutshala imali ngosuku abafuna ukukhipha ngalo imali yabo lapho. Inzuzo izoncika emiphumeleni yenkampani yokuphatha obelokhu etshala leyo mali kuzinto ezehlukene zezezimali.

Kunezinyathelo eziningi okufanele sizilandele ngaphambi kokuthenga amasheya
I-athikili ehlobene:
Ungazithenga kanjani izitoko

Imvamisa, inkampani yokuphatha itshala imali (imali yakwamanye amazwe noma yendawo), kwizakhiwo noma izimpahla ezinikezwe umsebenzi (okungaba yizikweletu zempahla ebanjiswayo) nasezibambisweni ezibalwe (amabhondi, amasheya, njll.). Ngaphezu kokutshala imali enhlokodolobha, kuphethe nokugcina ama-akhawunti, ukulawula inkampani egcina imali nokwenza izincwadi ezidingekayo ngokusemthethweni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, okuwukuphela komsebenzi wenkampani ediphozithi ukuqapha okokusebenza nokuphepha okumelela utshalomali. Zombili lezi zinkampani kumele zilawule ukuthi yonke imihlahlandlela yemithethonqubo yokuphatha iyahlangabezana.

Ekuphetheni, izimali ezihlanganyelanayo noma izimali zokutshala imali zinikeza okonga okuphakathi nokuncane ithuba lokunyusa ukonga kwabo ngokubamba iqhaza ezimakethe ezinkulu. Benza lokhu ngobuchwepheshe obufanayo kanye nenqubo njengabatshalizimali abakhulu.

Izinhlobo zezimali zokutshala imali ngokwendlela ezisebenza ngayo

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezimali zokutshala imali kuya ngokusebenza kwazo

Kunezigaba ezimbili ezehlukene zezimali, kuya ngokusebenza kwazo. Okokuqala kunesihlobo, ukusebenza kwaso kuhlobene nenkomba, ebizwa nangokuthi yiBenchmark, futhi kutholakala ngesikhathi esithile. Lezi izikhwama zendabuko kakhulu zokutshala imali otshalomali lwakhe olungenabo ubungozi obuncane, kepha futhi banamakhomishini amancane.

Endabeni yesigaba esiphelele, ayikho iBenchmark futhi inani lotshalo-mali lilinganiswa ngenani lalo lemali. Izimali zokutshala imali zalolu hlobo ziyabiza impela futhi umbambiqhaza akazi ukuthi bazotshala imali kuphi. Imvamisa basebenzisa zonke izinhlobo zamasu okutshala imali, njengokuphuma kokunye, izikhundla ezimfushane, njll. lokho kukhulisa ubungozi bokutshalwa kwemali.

Ukusebenza okuhlobene

Lapho sikhuluma ngezimali zokutshala imali ngokusebenza okulinganiselwe, ababambiqhaza banolwazi lwendawo lapho bezotshala khona kanye nethuluzi lezimali, njengezinto zokusetshenziswa, amasheya, inkomba yesitoko, amabhondi, njll. Bayaziswa futhi lapho kwenziwa isinqumo sokugxila emkhakheni othile wemakethe, njengobuchwepheshe, ezemithi, njll. Yini enye, setha inani usebenzisa i-Benchmark okuvame ukuhlobene nenkomba ethile yesitoko. Ukusebenza okuhlobene kungahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili, kuya ngabaphathi:

  • Ukuphathwa okusebenzayo: Izimali zokutshala imali zendabuko izindleko zazo ngokuvamile eziyi-2% yamakhomishini alokho okutshaliwe.
  • Ukuphathwa okungahambi kahle: Izimali ze-Index eziphinda inkomba futhi izindleko zayo cishe zingu-1% wesikhwama sokutshala imali kanye ne-Exchange-Traded Fund (ETF), nazo ezisebenzisa amasu okutshala imali asezingeni eliphakeme kanti izindleko zayo zingu-0,5% wotshalomali.
Ukwazi ukuthi ungayitshala kanjani imali kungaxazulula ikusasa
I-athikili ehlobene:
Indlela yokutshala imali

Ukusebenza okuphelele

Ngokuvamile, isivuno esiphelele siphethwe ngabathengisi. Kulezi zimo, abatshalizimali abazi kahle ukuthi bahlose ukutshala imali kuziphi. Yini enye, amasu okutshala imali abawasebenzisayo athambekele ekuqageleleni, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise ubungozi. Kulezi zimo kunezimali ezilandelayo:

  • IHedge Fund noma iHedge Fund: Ziyizikhwama zezikhungo ezinjengezigodi ezinkulu noma ezinye izimali zokutshala imali. Amakhomishini aphezulu futhi ubungozi buphakeme kakhulu, ngoba angangena ezikweletini ukwenza utshalomali olunobungozi obukhulu, njengezikhundla ezimfishane.
  • Ezinye izimali zokuphatha: Banokubuya okuphezulu, kepha ingozi nayo iphezulu.

Isiphi isikhwama sokutshala imali esihle kunazo zonke?

Izimali ezihlanganyelanayo nazo zinezingozi

Kunzima kakhulu ukusho ukuthi yisiphi isikhwama sokutshala imali esihle kunazo zonke, ngoba kuzoya ngesimo somuntu ngamunye. Ngakho-ke, kukhona inani elikhulu lezinhlobo ezahlukene. Zingahlukaniswa ngokobungozi bazo, ubizo lokutshala imali, indawo noma uhlobo lwenzuzo. Noma kunjalo, ethandwa kakhulu yilelo lobizo lokutshala imali. Ngaphakathi kwalesi sigaba lezi zinhlobo zigqama:

  • Izimali zokutshala imali ezihleliwe
  • Izimali zokutshalwa kwezimali ze-Equity
  • Izimali zokutshala imali zomhlaba wonke
  • Izimali ezihlanganisiwe zokutshala imali
  • Izimali zezimali
  • Izimali eziqinisekisiwe
  • Izimali zeHedge (i-hedge fund noma ezinye izikhwama zokuphatha)
  • Izimali zezinkomba noma imali yenkomba
  • Isikhwama sokutshala imali

Ngiyethemba le ndatshana ikusizile ukuthi uqonde ukuthi ziyini izimali ezihlangene. Ziyindlela enhle kulabo abangaqondi kahle imakethe noma abangenayo nje isikhathi sokuqhubeka, kepha abafuna ukusebenzisa imali yabo noma kunjalo.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.