Abatshalizimali abakunaki Inkomba kaRussell 2000, kepha kungaba yindlela enhle yokwengeza ukwehluka kuphothifoliyo. I-Russell 2000, eyaziwa kakhulu njenge-RUT, iyinkomba yokulinganisa elandela ezinye Izinkampani ezincane ezingama-2.000. Ochwepheshe bathi abanye abatshalizimali bayayishalazela le nkomba, ngoba amasheya ayo avame ukuguquguquka. Kepha kungahle kube nemivuzo ngezinkampani ezincane.
"Izitoko ezincane kumele zifakwe kunoma iyiphi iphothifoliyo ehlukahlukene," kusho uJustin Halverson, ongumsunguli weGreat Waters Financial, inkampani ehlela ezezimali eMinneapolis. "Amasheya ezinkampani ezincane ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-US ngokuvamile asebenze kangcono kunamasheya ezinkampani ezinkulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi."
Uyini uRussell 2000?
I-Russell 2000, eyasungulwa ngo-1984, yakhiwa izinkampani ezincane esukela ezimakethe zezimali eziphakathi kuka- $ 300 million no- $ 2 billion. Amasheya kuRussell 2000 anqunywa minyaka yonke yiFTSE Russell, ehlukanisa amasheya amakhulu amathathu emakethe yase-US abe yiRussell 3.000, ubhasikidi wamasheya amakhulu kunawo wonke ayi-1000, kanye noRussell 1.000, amasheya amancane kakhulu angama-2000 2.000.
"URussell 1000 uhlanganisa cishe amaphesenti angama-90 emakethe yaseMelika ngenani eligcwele, kuyilapho uRussell 2000 ehlanganisa amaphesenti ayishumi alandelayo," kusho uHalverson.
Ihlukaniswe kakhulu kune-S & P 500, ukubamba okuphezulu okungu-10 ku-akhawunti kaRussell 2000 ngamaphesenti ama-3 kuphela enkomba yonke uma kuqhathaniswa ne-S & P 500, lapho ama-holdings ayi-10 aphezulu enza ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-20.
Kusukela amasheya ama-cap-cap ikakhulukazi izinkampani ezinze e-United States"Ukuchayeka ekukhuleni komhlaba wonke nasezindabeni zezombusazwe ezifana nezingxabano zezohwebo kunciphile, kusho uStephanie Lewicky, umphathi omkhulu wesikhathi esizayo kanye nezimali eTD Ameritrade.
Izinzuzo zeRussell 2000 Small Cap Business
Inzuzo yamasheya amancane ama-cap ukuthi lezi zinkampani ingahle idlule osonhlamvukazi abakhulu. Imininingwane yakamuva eshicilelwe ku- "Stock, Bonds, Bills, Inflation (SBBI) Yearbook" ikhombisa ukuthi amasheya amancane abuyisa ama-12,1% minyaka yonke phakathi kuka-1926 no-2017 uma kuqhathaniswa namasheya amakhulu, abuyise u-10,2%., XNUMX% ngonyaka ngesikhathi isikhathi esifanayo.
UHalverson uthi esinye sezizathu esenza ukuthi lezi zinkampani zenze kangcono amasheya amakhulu kungaba ukuthi abatshalizimali bafuna ukubuyiselwa okuphezulu ukuze batshale imali kumasheya amancane.
"Isibonelo, ungafuna inzalo ethe xaxa ukuze ubolekise imali yakho endaweni yokudlela ye-hamburger yendawo noma kwaMcDonald's (ithikha: MCD)?" Uthena.
Izinkampani ezincane zivame ukuba nezinzuzo eziningi kunezinkampani ezinkulu ngenxa yamandla azo okukhula.
"IMcDonald's inzima kakhulu ukuyiphinda kabili ngosayizi kunendawo yokudlela ye-hamburger yendawo," kusho uHalverson.
Izinkampani ezinamakhompiyutha amancane zinamandla okuphinda kabili noma kathathu ngosayizi, kusho uBryan Bibbo, umeluleki wezezimali eThe JL Smith Group e-Avon, e-Ohio.
"Inqwaba yamakepisi amakhulu ake aba amakepisi amancane, kepha akhulile eminyakeni edlule abe nemali emikhulu yezimakethe," esho. "Wonke umuntu ufuna ukubuyela emuva ngesikhathi ayothenga i-Apple (APPL), i-Amazon (i-AMZN) noma iMicrosoft (MSFT) ngaphambi kokuba kube ngamagama emizi."
URussell 2000: Kungani Amasheya Amancane Amancane Ehlukaniswa
Amasheya ama-cap-small avame ukunganakwa njengokutshalwa kwemali ngoba abahlaziyi bezokuphepha abambalwa nezintatheli zezezimali zimboza le ndawo. Abezindaba zezezimali bagxila emhlabeni wamakepisi amakhulu, babika ngokusebenza kwemakethe yamasheya ngokujwayelekile becaphuna inkomba ye-S & P 500 ne-Dow Jones Industrial A average, ngokusho kochwepheshe.
Esinye sezizathu esenza abatshalizimali bagxile kancane ezinkampanini ezenza imali encane kungenxa yokuthi lezi zinkampani azaziwa njengezinkampani ezinkulu, kusho uHalverson.
Ubukhulu obuncane bezinkampani kusho ukuthi iningi akuwona amagama emizi, kusho uJohn Iammarino, umongameli weSecurus Financial, inkampani ehlela ezezimali eseSan Diego.
Ukuthenga nokuthengisa amasheya ezimakethe zamasheya kuyindlela engcono yokwenza imali, kepha ezimweni eziningi asazi ukuthi yisiphi isikhathi esihle sokungena noma sokuphuma ezimakethe zokulingana kwezezimali. Ukuqagela le misebenzi kunenani elibizwa ngenani lamanani entengo yemakethe yamasheya. Imayelana ne- izinga noma isilinganiso lokho kunikezwa ngochwepheshe futhi okusebenza njengomthombo oyisethenjwa wokwenza noma cha ukwenza umsebenzi kuye ngezidingo zakho emkhakheni wokutshala imali.
Ekugcineni, inani lentengo lesabelo yilona intengo ukuthi umhlaziyi wezimakethe zezimali ulinganiselani, okungukuthi, ngokombono wakhe isabelo senkampani kufanele sibaluleke kangakanani. Ngalo mqondo, kungaba ukwesekwa lapho ungabumba khona isinqumo sakho kusuka manje. Kepha kunoma yikuphi, kulula ukuthi kusekelwa eminye imithombo yolwazi engathathwa njengokuthembekile. Ngokuqondene nesibonelo, lawo atholakala ekuhlaziyweni kwezobuchwepheshe nokuyisisekelo. Ukuze ngale ndlela ube nombono obanzi wokuthi iyini impahla yezezimali oyothenga empeleni.
Kuyiqiniso ukuthi kuyisu elejwayelekile ukuthi abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi bakhethe lo mthombo oyisithenjwa. Babheka inani elihlosiwe elinikezwe ochwepheshe ukukhombisa ukuthi ngabe isikhathi esihle sokwenza lokho thenga noma uthengise amasheya ezimakethe zezimali. Ikakhulu, labo abanokufunda okuncane kulolu hlobo lwemisebenzi abafuna ukuyenza ukwenza ukonga kwabo kube nenzuzo. Ngaphandle kolunye uchungechunge lokucatshangelwa kwezobuchwepheshe futhi mhlawumbe futhi kusuka kuzisekelo zalo.
Intengo eqondiwe: singayethemba?
Isici sokuqala okufanele sibhekise kuso ukuthi singabokuqala kunakho konke ngaphambi kokulinganiselwa kokuhambisana kwamanani ezokuphepha emakethe yamasheya. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lezi zibikezelo aziqinisekisiwe kuzo zonke izimo. Hhayi kancane njengoba uzokwazi ngaleso sikhathi. Kungenzeka ngokuphelele ukuthi izenzo angikaze ngifinyelele kuleli zinga ngamanani. Kunezibonelo eziningi kulesi simo ezimakethe zezimali ezenze ukuthi abanye abantu balahlekelwe yingxenye enhle yeminikelo yabo yemali.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, esinye sezici ezihambelana kakhulu nalokho okuyinani elihlosiwe empeleni ukuthi liguquguquka kakhulu. Ngamanye amagama, akufani njalo futhi kuyahluka ngokuya ngezibuyekezo ezivame ukwenziwa yizinhlangano zezezimali noma abahlaziyi. Ngokwehla nokwenyuka okungaba kukhulu kakhulu kuze kube seqophelweni le- sondela ku-10%. Kuze kube yilapho befika ekudidekeni ingxenye enhle yabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi abangazi ukuthi benzeni ngezinguquko eziningi kangaka entengweni ebekiwe yamanani wemakethe yamasheya.
Amasu angenziwa
Kunoma ikuphi, kunezinhlelo ezisebenza ukusebenza ngolwazi lwentengo eqondisiwe ezimakethe zezimali. Uma, ngokwesibonelo, amasheya athengiwe ngezansi kwenani elihlosiwe enikezwe ochwepheshe, ungalinda ize ifinyelele kulawa mazinga ukuphothula umsebenzi ngenzuzo ehambisanayo yezimali. Kepha kunengozi enengqondo yokulahlekelwa ukwenyuka okuphawulekayo esiphakamisweni esikhethiwe. Lapho futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ngemuva kwezinsuku noma amasonto ambalwa lezi zintengo zibuyekezwa ziye phezulu futhi kusinika umuzwa omncane kakhulu omuhle ngaleli pharamitha ebesilisebenzisa ukutshala imali emakethe yamasheya.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunezikhathi eziningi amanani abelokhu ehweba iminyaka eminingi ngaphezu kwentengo enikeziwe. Futhi kulesi simo, asikhethanga noma yikuphi ukunyakaza ezimakethe zezimali. Ngakho-ke, ikhambi elingcono kakhulu lokugwema izimo ezingafuneki yile vumelana nezimo kakhulu ekuhloleni ukubaluleka kwezintengo ezihlosiwe zamasheya. Ngoba kuliqiniso ukuthi bangasenza ukuthi sithole imali eningi ekusebenzeni, kepha futhi nokuthi silahlekelwa ngama-euro amaningi endleleni.
Ikhombisa amandla aphezulu
Igalelo lalo elihamba phambili lilele ekutheni kuyipharamitha enhle ukukhombisa amandla wokubuyekeza wempahla yezezimali. Ngalo mqondo, akungabazeki ukuthi uma intengo ebhekisiwe ingaphezulu kwe- Intengo yohlu uqobo, kusho ukuthi kunethuba lokubonga futhi izincomo kungenzeka kube ukuthenga amasheya akho. Ngenkathi kwenzeka okuphambene nalokho, uma intengo ebhekisiwe ingaphansi kwentengo yangempela yesilinganiso, empeleni kusho ukuthi inohambo olubaluleke kakhulu lwe-bearish.
Inkinga enkulu abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi abanayo ukuthi abahlaziyi abahlukene bezimakethe zezezimali cishe abaze bavumelane ngentengo ebhekisiwe. Kwezinye izimo baze baveze ukwehluka okufanele ukushiwo futhi okugcina kuholele ku- ukudideka okwenziwa ingxenye yabasebenzisi bemakethe yamasheya. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi abazi ukuthi benzeni esikhathini ngasinye lapho kufanele benze isinqumo mayelana notshalo-mali lwabo. Akumangazi-ke ukuthi kwezinye izimo abanaki ngisho nokunaka lesi sici futhi bakhetha ezinye izinhlobo zokuhlaziywa kwemakethe yamasheya, njengalezo zobuchwepheshe.
Kunqunywa ngamabhange
Enye yezinto okufanele ilindelwe ukuthi ekugcineni kumabhange amaningi kanye namafemu ezokuphepha enza ukuhlaziywa kwezinkampani ukuthola inani lentengo lamasheya abo. Bangaba amaqembu anentshisekelo kule nqubo lapho amanani akhiwa khona, ngesizathu esithile noma esinye esingaveli manje. Futhi lokho kungaholela kubatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi ukuthi bathathe isinqumo esingalungile. Ngoba, ngokungeziwe, ukuvela kwentengo yamasheya kuncike kolunye uchungechunge lwezinto ezifanele kakhulu. Lapho izibuyekezo zihlala zifika sekwedlule isikhathi ezindlebeni zabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele futhi kubhekwe ukuthi uma inkampani ibalwa ku-20 futhi inani elibhekiwe lingu-30, kutolikwa ukuthi inani lishibhile ngakho-ke yithuba lokuthenga okungafanele siliphuthe. Futhi okuphambene nalokho okwehlukile lapho sizothi amasheya abiza kakhulu futhi akumele simoshe imali ekusebenzeni ekugcineni okungazuzisi. Amaphuzu wokubuka entengweni ebhekiwe ahlukile, aneprimiyamu ephindwe kabili kucebo lokutshala imali elizosetshenziswa kusukela manje.
Ukuhlaziywa kwemakethe yamasheya
Esinye isici okufanele sisibheke kusukela manje yileso esihlobene nokukhuluphala noma ukukala ngokweqile kwamanani ezimakethe zamasheya ngokwawo. Yebo, ngalo mqondo kuyadingeka ukugcizelela ukuthi ingxenye enhle yezikhungo zezezimali namafemu okuphepha enza njalo ukubuyekezwa kwebhizinisi ezithengiswa esidlangalaleni. Lapho babelwa khona inani lentengo ebekiwe ebangela ukuthi inkampani efakwe ohlwini ikhuliswe ngokweqile noma ibekelwe phansi. Kepha kufanele kugcizelelwe, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuthi lokhu kuhlolwa kufanele kube ngumhlahlandlela kuphela, ngoba akunakwethenjelwa ngokuphelele. Uma kungenjalo, kunalokho, kusebenza njengesisekelo sesinqumo abathengisi okuzodingeka basenze ukuthenga noma ukuthengisa amasheya abo ezimakethe zezimali.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kujwayelekile kakhulu ukuthola izindaba ezinjengalezi ezilandelayo kwabezindaba: UMorgan Stanley wehlise inani lentengo ebekiwe elibekela ukuphepha kweBanco Santander kuye kuma-euro ama-4, kusuka kuma-euro ayisithupha edlule. Leli qiniso lingakwazi kuphazamisa lonke isu lethu lokutshala imali futhi usilimaze ngandlela-thile. Ikakhulu, uma senze imisebenzi ngaphambi kokwenza izibuyekezo. Ngoba futhi kufanele kucatshangwe ukuthi lokhu kubuyekezwa kuzintengo ezihlosiwe kungaqhubeka nokuthuthuka. Ngakho-ke umphumela kuphothifoliyo yethu yokutshala imali ungaba ngaphezu kokubalulekile.
Thenga uthengise ezisekelweni
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuneminye imingcele ethembeke kakhulu yokwenza imisebenzi ekuthengeni nasekuthengiseni amasheya emakethe yamasheya. Isibonelo, ngokusebenzisa izikhala, okuvame ukuchazwa njengendawo noma uhla lwamanani okungazange kwenziwe kulo msebenzi. Noma ngokusebenzisa amazinga ekusekeleni nasekuphikiseni cishe abaze behluleke ukuqagela kwabo. Ngaphandle kokunye ukucatshangelwa kobuchwepheshe futhi mhlawumbe futhi kusukela ekubukeni kwezisekelo zayo.
Kunoma yiziphi izimo, kuyisinqumo somuntu siqu ongasisebenzisa kuphela ngoba, ngemuva kwakho konke, yilowo ogembula imali naye. Kepha unamathuba ahlukile wokukhetha imodeli yokungena nokuphuma kumanani wemakethe yesitoko. Lapho ngamunye esebenzisa isu lakhe ngenhloso eyodwa okungeyona enye ngaphandle kokwenza imali etshalwe imali ibe nenzuzo, okungukuthi, ngemuva kwakho konke, okubandakanyekile kulawa macala. Futhi lapho intengo ebhekisiwe nayo idlala indima yayo.