Izinsiza njengecebo lokutshala imali lokuzivikela

Lapho ukhetha ukutshala imali ezimakethe zezimali, esinye sezinqumo zokuqala okuzodingeka usenze ukuthi yimiphi imikhakha yemakethe yamasheya ekunikeza ukuzethemba okukhulu, ngakho-ke izwela kakhulu ekwenzeni okuthengwe kwakho kwenziwe ngokusemthethweni ezimakethe. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi ukunikezwa kubanzi kakhulu, kepha phakathi kwabo bonke kugqama eyodwa ngenxa yezici zayo ezikhethekile. Bayabizwa Tinsita, nokuthi yini okungenzeka uzwile ngabo ngaphezu kokukodwa, ikakhulukazi uma ungumtshali-zimali onolwazi oluthile.

Izinsiza zixhumene nezinkampani ezisemkhakheni kagesi, ezinesisindo esibaluleke kakhulu, hhayi kuphela emakethe yamasheya aseSpain, kepha cishe kuzo zonke izigcawu zomhlaba wonke. Bazokhiqiza izinzuzo ezinye izingxenye zezimali ezihlupheka ngazo. Futhi ukuthi kunoma yikuphi kulula ukuthi wazi manje uma kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezilandelayo ukhetha noma yimaphi amanani ayo.

Okokuqala, uzohlangana nenye yezinhlaka ezinethonya elikhulu emakethe yaseSpain eqhubekayo, noma nje njengamalungu wabathonya ama-chips aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Futhi lokho kumelwe yizinkampani ezinkulu ezinkulu njenge Iberdrola, Endesa noma iGesi Yemvelo, phakathi kwezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu. Ngokuqinisekile uzowazi amagama abo, kanye nolayini babo bebhizinisi. Hhayi ize, ngokuqiniseka konke ukuthi uyiklayenti lenye yalezi zinsiza, ngokuba ngabakhangisi bokuphakelwa kukagesi kwekhaya lakho.

Izici zayo eziyinhloko

Amalungu ale kilabhu ekhethiwe yemakethe yamasheya okuyizinsizakusebenza athuthukisa iminikelo eyahlukene ezobenza bangacabangi emehlweni kwanoma yimuphi umtshalizimali omncane noma ophakathi, njengoba kwenzeka kuwe. Lezi yizibambiso ezihlinzeka ngozinzo olukhulu kuphothifoliyo oyakhayo. Ungalindeli ukuvuselelwa okukhulu ekuziphendukeleni kwayo ezimakethe zamasheya, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, ngeke uze uqothuke nawo. Abajwayele ukushayela ukuguquguquka okukhulu ngamanani abo, futhi umehluko phakathi kokuphakama kwawo kwansuku zonke nokwehla ngentengo yawo ngokuvamile awuthokozi kakhulu.

Banikeza ukutshalwa kwezimali ukuphepha okukhulu ngoba bayizinkampani ezinomugqa webhizinisi osungulwe ngokuphelele, okwenza izinzuzo ezibalulekile minyaka yonke. Ngenxa yalokho, basabalalisa izabelo phakathi kwabaninimasheya. Futhi enye yezindawo eziphakeme kakhulu ezimakethe zamasheya zaseSpain, nezimbuyiselo zonyaka phakathi kuka-4% no-8%. Leli qiniso lenza izinkulungwane zabasindisi abancane bathembele kule nketho lapho besungula iphothifoliyo yabo yokutshala imali. Ikakhulukazi unikezwa inzuzo ephansi enikezwa yimikhiqizo yasebhange yendabuko yokonga (amadiphozi, amanothi ezethembiso, amabhondi, njll.), Okungajwayelekile ukudlula isithiyo esingu-1%.

Ngokuvamile ukubuyekezwa kwabo (noma ukwehla) eminyakeni yamuva bekungeyona into emangalisayo, kepha kunalokho kuqhutshwa ngokulinganisela okuthile. Kusuka kulo mongo ojwayelekile, akhiwa njengemoto efanelekile ukuhambisa utshalomali esikhathini esimaphakathi nesikhathi eside. Ukuba ngabatshalizimali abavikela kakhulu abathambekele ekukhetheni kwabo. Akumangalisi ukuthi abanye babo benza imisebenzi yabo ukungenisa i- isikhwama sokonga iminyaka eminingana emehlweni.

Vele, azinconyelwa imisebenzi yokuqagela, ngoba azinikezi iziqinisekiso eziphansi ezidingeka kule phrofayili ekhetheke kakhulu yabatshalizimali. Noma ngamagama amafushane kakhulu, lapho inzuzo engatholwa ingekho kakhulu kakhulu, noma okungenani iphansi kunaleyo evela kweminye imikhakha yemakethe yamasheya.

Ungatshala kanjani kuzinsiza?

Ukuthatha izikhundla kulezi zibambiso, ngeke kube khona okunye ongakwenza ngaphandle kokubhalisela amasheya kwezinye zezinkampani ezibalwe emakethe yamasheya aseSpain, nakwezinye izimakethe zomhlaba wonke. Izinkampani ezinkulu zokwenza imali, lapho kushintshaniswa izihloko eziningi nsuku zonke phakathi kwabatshalizimali. Kwenzeka ukuthi kube ngomunye wabathengisa kakhulu ekunikezelweni kwamasheya kwamanje. Ngokunjalo, banikela ngokuthambekela okufanayo ngentengo yabo kulokho okuboniswe kuma-indices abo wesitoko.

Abaphathi bezikhwama ezinkulu, ngisho nabadayisi ababaluleke kakhulu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, bahlala bebheka lezi zinkampani ukwenza izikhundla zabo zokutshala imali, kodwa nezimali zokutshala imali. Ngokuqapha okufika ngesikhathi kokuvela kwabo ezimakethe, kuze kufike ezingeni lokubuyekeza njalo inani lentengo abalinikeza amasheya abo. Ngamanye amazwi, zisekelwa izimakethe, enikeza ukuphepha okukhulu emisebenzini ongayenza ibe semthethweni kusukela manje kuqhubeke.

Kepha kunezinye izindlela zokutshala imali kulezi ziphephelo, kungeza ubuningi obukhulu esiphakamisweni sosizo. Enye yazo ivela izimali zokutshala imali noma ama-ETFs, ukwakheka kwawo kusekelwe kuphela ekuvikelekeni komkhakha kagesi. Futhi lokho kuzokuvumela ukuthi uhlukanise utshalomali lwakho, futhi uvikele nempahla yakho ekusebenzeni kabi kwenkampani eyodwa emakethe yamasheya.

Noma ngabe ucabanga ukuthi kumaseshini alandelayo kungenzeka yehlise intengo yayo, ungakhetha ukusebenza okuphambene, noma ngisho nezincwadi ezigunyazayo, yize kulokhu kunengozi enkulu enqubeni yokuvula izikhundla. Kepha kunoma yikuphi, kuzoba yisexwayiso ukuthi ungatshala imali kulo mkhakha ngale kwezimakethe zamasheya. Kwanele ukuba nesinqumo sokuhambisa izifiso zakho, akukho okunye.

Ungabhalisa ngisho idiphozi ezixhunywe kulesigaba samasheya njengendlela yokwandisa inzuzo yale mikhiqizo engenayo engaguquki. Futhi lokho kuqhutshwa ngamabhange ukubakhuthaza phakathi kwamakhasimende abo.

Yini oyiholayo ngokuthenga kwakho?

• Ukuzola okuningi, ngaphandle kwakho kube nezinguquko ezingazelelwe engcebweni yakho, futhi ngaphandle kokujwayelekile kufanele uhlupheke kakhulu ngokuziphendukela kwayo emakethe yamasheya. Akumangalisi ukuthi ngeke zikubangele ukulahlekelwa okuningi kokulala ebusuku.
• Ithuba lokudala ifayela le- ukonga isikhwama isikhathi eside, kukhuliswa ngezinkokhelo zemihlomulo ozozithola minyaka yonke noma semester, ngokuya ngenqubomgomo yemiholo yenkampani ngayinye.
• Ngezikhathi ezeqile ezimakethe zezezimali ukwehla kwakho kuzokhawulelwa kakhulu, ukuthi uma esikhundleni salokho ukhetha eminye imikhakha yemali engenayo eguquguqukayo: ukubhenka, ama-telecos, ubuchwepheshe obusha, noma izinkampani ezixhumene nokusetshenziswa.
• Ithuba ukulinganisela utshalomali lwakho kanye nezinye izikhundla ezinolaka ezizovela ezigabeni ezixhumene kakhulu nokukhula komnotho. Futhi balungele ukwenza isivumelwano ngamasheya abo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, nangaphansi kwawo wonke amaphrofayili njengomtshalizimali okudayisa.
• Ngeke ulungiswe ukuguquguquka okuqinile kwamanani abo, ngoba ngokuvamile yenza ukuthuthuka okuncane noma ukuwa esikhathini ngasinye sezimali.

Okhiye abayishumi nanye bokutshala imali kulawa manani

Uma ngemuva kokuhlaziya i- izinzuzo nokungalungi izinsiza ezikunikeza khonaUma ukhetha le modeli, kunganconywa kakhulu ukuthi uvumele ukuthwalwa yimigqa yokusebenza esiza ukuhambisa utshalomali lwakho ngendlela efanele. Ukuqala ezicini ezikhethekile ezilethwa wumkhakha kagesi wonke, ungawukhohlwa, noma umehluko othile kwezinye izingxenye zemakethe yamasheya.

Ngokunjalo, ngeke bakukhuthaze kuphela ukuthi wenze imali oyongelayo izuze, kepha futhi nokubavikela ekubonakaleni kwezimo ezingezinhle neze kuzintshisekelo zakho. Ukubheka ukuthi kungenye ye- izibambiso eziningi ezinenkontileka ngabasindisi baseSpain, noma ngabe yiphrofayili yabo. Ekugcineni, kukuholele ekusakazeni imigomo yakho yokusebenzisa izikhundla zakho ezivulekile emakethe yamasheya.

1. Ungazami ukwenza imisebenzi enenzuzo kakhulu ngezikhathi ezimbalwa zokuhweba ngoba akuwona amanani afaneleke kakhulu walokhu, futhi kuzoba ukuhlakanipha kuwe ukukhetha abanye abafaka ngokuphepha kakhudlwana lokhu kungenzeka. Amathuba ngeke aswele, nakanjani.
2. Ungayithola imali engaguquki ngokuhlukahluka, ngezabelo ezisatshalaliswa minyaka yonke kubaninimasheya, futhi ezingafinyelela ku-8%. Okungaphezulu kakhulu kwalokho okukunikezwa yimikhiqizo yasebhange njengamanje.
3. Akuwona amanani anconyelwe kakhulu okumele awenze imisebenzi ye-intraday, okusho ukuthi, esimisweni esifanayo, nangaphambi kwalokhu uzoba nezinye izinkampani ezibhalwe ohlwini ezisebenzisela ukwanelisa lesi sicelo esingalethwa kuwe ngezikhathi ezithile.
4. Izinsiza izinkampani eziqinile kakhulu, kokubili ibhizinisi nokuziphatha kwalo ezimakethe zezimali. Futhi kunoma yisiphi isimo zizodingeka ukubumba iphothifoliyo yokutshala imali eminyakeni ezayo.
5. Kuzo ongakhetha countercyclical, ezinganciki emjikelezweni wezomnotho ukukhombisa ukuvela okungcono kumanani azo. Esikhundleni salokho, ancike emininingwaneni yesizini, efana nentengo kagesi, usizo lukahulumeni, noma ukulawulwa komkhakha kagesi.
6. Uma ufuna imizwa enamandla, ngokubuyekezwa okukhulu, ngeke kube okuthandeka kakhulu kuwe uku-oda imisebenzi yokuthenga ezimakethe zamasheya, ngoba zingakuqhubela esithukuthezi maqondana nokulindelwa kokukhula kwamanani abo.
7. Isipesheli esikulethelwa imakethe yamasheya yaseSpain asinabile kakhulu, kepha okungenani afakiwe izinkampani ezinesisindo esithile esithile kuzinkomba zokulingana eziyinhloko, yize zinezici ezifanayo phakathi kwazo zonke.
8. Ngenye yemikhakha iphendula kakhulu ekufunweni komsebenzisi, nokuthi awuvamile ukukhohlwa ukuthatha izikhundla kuzo, yize ekugcineni ukugcwalisa nabanye okubaluleke kakhulu ezimakethe: amabhange, ezokuxhumana, izinkampani zikawoyela, njll.
9. Noma yiziphi izindaba ngaye khuphula amanani akho ikhuthaza amanani ukukhombisa ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okuhle kuzintengo zabo, noma ngaphandle kokubonisa ukuvuselelwa okumangazayo, kude nakho.
10. Uma ufuna ukushaya isikhwama sokubaluleka okuthile, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi akuzona amanani anconywe kakhulu ngaleli qhinga lemakethe yamasheya, noma ngabe kulahlekele uzinzo ezikhundleni ezithathiwe.
11. Ngeke uxhunywe ezenzweni zabo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ngoba ngenxa yabo isikweletu esikhulu uzokwazi ukushiya futhi ufake amasheya alo ngaphandle kobunzima obukhulu, futhi noma kunini lapho uzizwa uthanda khona.