Izingcaphuno zika-Alan Greenspan

Kuyalulekwa njalo ukuthola ulwazi olusha futhi indlela enhle yokwenza lokhu ukuthi ube nomqondo ovulekile futhi unake okushiwo ngochwepheshe. Ngakho-ke, Izingcaphuno zika-Alan Greenspan zingasiza kakhulu emhlabeni wezezimali. Ungusomnotho owazalwa ngo-1926 eNew York, ikakhulukazi eManhattan. Ngomndeni wamaJuda womdabu waseHungary nowaseRomania, uGreenspan usevele ukhombise ukuwuthanda umculo nezibalo esemncane kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukhethe ukuzinikezela ngobungcweti ezinombolweni.

Ngaphandle kokuphumelela kwakhe ezifundweni, u-Alan Greenspan waziwa ikakhulukazi ngomsebenzi wakhe e-United States Federal Reserve, lapho ayephethe khona kusuka ngo-1987 kuya ku-2006. Ngaphandle kokucaphuna imishwana engamashumi amane edume kakhulu ka-Alan Greenspan, sizophinde sikhulume kancane nge-biography yakhe nangempumelelo yakhe njengosihlalo weFederal Reserve.

Imishwana engama-40 ehamba phambili ka-Alan Greenspan

Yize lesi sazi sezomnotho besingahlali kahle ngaso sonke isikhathi ngezehlakalo ngesikhathi sezinhlekelele, unolwazi lweminyaka eminingi emhlabeni wezezimali, engeyena omunye futhi ongaphansi komongameli we-United States Federal Reserve. Kuleso sikhundla, omunye wemisebenzi yawo kwakuwukugadwa kwenqubomgomo yezimali. Ngakho-ke, izigwebo zakhe azichithwa.

1. “Uma kungekho zinga legolide, ayikho indlela yokuvikela ukonga ukuthi kungathathwa ngenxa yokwehla kwamandla emali. Asikho isitolo esiphephile senani. "
2. "Ngaphandle kokuthi uzimisele ngokuyekethisa, umphakathi awukwazi ukuhlala ndawonye."
3. "Asikwazi ukubikezela yonke into kahle, kepha senza sengathi singakwazi, kodwa asikwazi."
4. "Isimo sezimali ukuthi asikwazi ukwenza inzuzo uma sizuzisa kakhulu ... futhi njengoba singekho isikweletu, singasweleka futhi sithathelane."
5. "Ukukhiqizwa kwamaShayina kuphezulu kakhulu emhlabeni, kodwa indlela abenza ngayo ukuboleka ubuchwepheshe obuvela phesheya, ngokuhlanganyela noma ngezinye izindlela."
6. "I-United States ingakhokha noma isiphi isikweletu ngoba ngaso sonke isikhathi iyakwazi ukuphrinta imali yokwenza lokho. Ngakho-ke mancane amathuba okuthi kungakhokhelwa. "
7. "Isilinganiso sangempela somsebenzi ukukwazi ukujabula, nokuziqhenya, ngokuthi ukufezile ngemizamo yakho ngaphandle kokushiya umkhondo wezisulu ekuvukeni kwakho."
8. "Izimakethe zenza izinto ezingajwayelekile ngoba zisabela ekuziphatheni kwabantu, kwesinye isikhathi abantu basuke bemi kancane."
9. "Ukuvikelwa kuzokwenza okuncane ukudala amathuba emisebenzi futhi uma abantu bokufika beziphindiselela, sizolahlekelwa yimisebenzi."
10. "Isiko laseGrisi alifani nesiko laseGermany, futhi ukuyihlanganisa kube yinto eyodwa kunzima kakhulu."
11. "Ngicabanga ukuthi kumele ngikuxwayise, ukuthi uma kuvela ukuthi ngicace bha, kungenzeka ukuthi ukuhumushile kabi lokhu engikushilo."
12. "Kunomkhawulo wokuthi umgcinimafa waseMelika angaboleka malini."
13. "Noma ngubani obolekayo onolwazi akamane nje abe sengozini yokukhwabanisa nokuhlukunyezwa."
14. "Angikuphiki ukuthi ukubuswa wedwa yizinto ezimbi, ngiyakuphika ukuthi kuyinto elula ukuxazululwa ngomthetho walolo hlobo."
15. "Ukwesaba kungamandla amakhulu kakhulu ekuziphatheni komuntu kunenjabulo - bengingeke ngikulindele lokho noma ngicabange umzuzwana phambilini, kepha kuvela emininingwaneni ngezindlela eziningi."
16. "Noma yini esingayenza ukukhuphula imali esiyongela thina isizuzisa izwe."
17. "Ezezimali zihluke ngokuphelele komunye umnotho."
18. “Wayengumculi omuhle kakhulu, futhi wayengumuntu ophakathi. Kodwa engikubonile nje ukuthi ibhizinisi lezigelekeqe liyashabalala. "
19. “Umuntu ebengimthanda kakhulu nguGerald R. Ford. Ubengumuntu ohlonipheke kakhulu kwezombusazwe engake ngasebenzisana naye. "
20. "Umlando awuzange uphathe kahle amaphrimiyamu esikhathi eside anobungozi."
21. "Uma uyikhokhisa intela, uzothola okuncane."
22. “Uma ubuyela emuva ubheka umlando waseMelika, awuhlukile kakhulu kumlando waseCanada. Ukube ubungeke uzimele ngokwanele evela esigangeni, ubungeke usinde. "
23. "Empeleni, kufanele senze uhlelo lokuthola ukukhokhelwa kwesipoki olwakhiwe eduze kwetrasti lubukeke lungokoqobo."
24. "Izinguquko yinto oyibona kuphela emuva."
25. "Ngingena shi lapho nginenkinga engaxazululeki kangikwazi nje ukuthi ngiyeke lokhu engikwenzayo - ngihlala ngicabanga futhi ngicabanga futhi angikwazi ukuyeka."
26. "Bengihlale ngizibheka njengesazi sezibalo ukwedlula isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo."
27. «Singumphakathi wentando yeningi. Ukuvala uhulumeni akumele kube yinto esezingeni losuku. "
28. "Kunzima kakhulu ukuqagula ukuthi kungaba nini inkinga yamabhondi."
29. “Kunzima ukwazi ukuthi yimaphi amafa azoba nobuthi. Indlela enhle ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amabhange nabaninimasheya kuphela ababona sengathi kufanele kube nemali eyanele. "
30. “Kufanele welule umcabango wakho ukuze uthole ukuthi liyini inani eliyinhloko le-Bitcoin. Angikwazanga ukukwenza. Mhlawumbe omunye umuntu angakwazi.
31. "Ngaphakathi eRussia, ubudlelwano bezombusazwe empeleni abubaluleke kangako kunokuhamba kwezitoko zemakethe."
32. "Ubungxiwankulu bukaBuddy empeleni buyisimo lapho izikhulu zikahulumeni zinika abantu abasebenzela izinkampani ezizimele ukukhokhela ukwenzelela kwezepolitiki."
33. "Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu ngeChina ukuthi ukuqamba kwayo ubuchwepheshe obubolekwe kakhulu."
34. "Inkinga ukuthi ngeke kube khona ukuhwebelana kwamahhala emhlabeni jikelele ngezimakethe zasekhaya ezibekelwe imingcele nezilawulwa kakhulu."
35. "Ngingusomnotho emakethe yamahhala iminyaka neminyaka, futhi angikaze ngiphambuke kulokho."
36. "Ukwesaba njalo nangendlela yonke kubanga ukuntuleka kokuzibophezela, futhi ukungazibophezeli kuyisigaba esibi sabasebenzi."
37. "Awukho omunye umsebenzi empilweni yomphakathi ofana nowakwaFed Chairman."
38. "Kusukela ngo-1948 bengichitha nsuku zonke ngicabanga ukuthi umhlaba wezomnotho nezombusazwe ushintshe kanjani."
39. «Inhloso kasopolitiki ukuba ngumholi. Usopolitiki kumele ahole. Ngaphandle kwalokho umane nje ungumlandeli. "
40. "Okugxile kakhulu kulokho esikwenzayo kuhulumeni wesifundazwe ukugcina ukwehla kwamandla emali kungasheshisi - futhi mhlawumbe kunciphise ijubane."

Alan Greenspan uyaba ubani?

Njengoba sesishilo, u-Alan Greenspan ungusomnotho waseNew York. Kepha ukuze siqonde imishwana yakhe, ake sikhulume kancane ngomsebenzi wakhe wokufunda. Ngenxa yekhono lakhe elikhulu ngezibalo nedatha, uGreenspan wathola iziqu kwezomnotho ngo-1948 evela eNew York University. Endaweni efanayo wathola iziqu zobudokotela esihlokweni esifanayo, eminyakeni engama-29 kamuva, ngo-1977. Ithisisi yakhe ibibhekele izingqinamba ezahlukahlukene, njengokukhuphuka kwentengo yezindlu nomphumela lokhu okuba nawo ekusetshenzisweni, noma ukubonakala kwebhulethi lezindlu elikhulayo.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Izilinganiso zikaBenjamin Graham

Kumele kuqashelwe nokuthi uqale ngokuzama ukuthola i-Ph.D yakhe e-Columbia University ngaphambi kokuyizama eNew York University, kodwa wadela. Kodwa-ke, lesi sikhathi sasibaluleke kakhulu kuye, kwazise waqondana nosomnotho abaziwa kakhulu njengoBenjamin Graham, owayefundisa ngaleso sikhathi, noWarren Buffet, owayengumfundi ngaleso sikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wathola amanye amathonya ngalesi sikhathi, lapho imibono ka-Arthur Burns ivelele ngaphezu kwakho konke. Lokhu kwakususelwa ekuphikiseni okukhulu ekusweleni kwesabelomali ngenxa yobudlelwano bayo nokwehla kwamandla emali.

Usihlalo weFederal Reserve

Ngo-1987, u-Alan Greenspan wangena esikhundleni sikaPaul Volcker njengoSihlalo we-United States Federal Reserve. Ngenhlanhla noma ngeshwa, ngemuva kwesikhashana kwaqala inkinga enkulu yango-'87. Ngenxa yalomcimbi, uGreenspan wazuza udumo nokubaluleka okuningi kwazise indima yakhe yathathwa njengebalulekile ukufeza ukuhlanganiswa kwezezimali e-United States. Wakwazi ukufinyelela ezivumelwaneni ezithile ne-American Republican Party kanye neDemocratic Party. Lokhu kusize uGreenspan ukuthi agcine esebhekele inqubomgomo yezamabhange neyezimali. Yini enye, ithole amandla okuguqula amazinga wenzalo. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, imishwana ka-Alan Greenspan igcwele amava ahlukahlukene.

Ngenkathi imakethe yamasheya eWall Street yehla ngama-20% ngemuva nje kokuqokwa kwakhe njengoSihlalo weFederal Reserve, u-Alan Greenspan kwadingeka asabele ngokushesha, njengoba uhlelo lwezezimali lwaba sengcupheni yokuwa. Isazi sezomnotho saseNew York siphendule lo mcimbi ngejubane elikhulu sathi i-United States Federal Reserve izonikela ngezimali ezidingekayo ukuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kohlelo lwezezimali.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Izilinganiso zeWarren Buffett

Noma kunjalo, izinqumo zika-Alan Greenspan mayelana namanani wenzalo babehlala benemiphumela emikhulu ezimakethe. Ngalesi sizathu, umthelela wezinqumo ezenziwe yile ndoda maqondana nezikhwama ubusebenziseka kakhulu.

Ngeminyaka engu-19 yesipiliyoni njengomongameli weFederal Reserve yase-United States, futhiLesi sazi somnotho saseNew York sihlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo zokuba umuntu ovelele emhlabeni wezezimali. Manje njengoba usuyazi imishwana emikhulu ka-Alan Greenspan nomsebenzi wakhe, ngiyethemba uyazi ukuthi ungazuza kanjani futhi ugqozi kubo. Khumbula ukuthi ukuthola ulwazi oluthe xaxa kuzohlala kunothisa futhi kuwusizo kunoma yimuphi umkhakha.