Ihlobo akusona isikhathi esihle sokutshala imali. I- umthamo wenkontileka iphansi kakhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nezinye izinkathi zonyaka. Kuze kube sezingeni lokuba sengozini enkulu yokuthi izibambiso ezifakwe kuhlu zizokwehla kakhulu. Njengoba kwenzekile kokuzivocavoca okwedlule. Lokhu kuyingozi engadingekile engagwenywa uma abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi bekhetha ezinye izindlela zokuphepha zokutshala imali. Ukuze ngale ndlela bakwazi ukuvikela ukonga kwabo kunoma ikuphi ukungazinzi okungavela ezimakethe zezimali kulezi zinyanga zasehlobo.
Ngaphandle kokuthi imakethe yamasheya yaseSpain ithengise isamba sama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-49.039,8 ngamanani ngo-Ephreli, 41,4% ngaphezulu kwenyanga edlule, yize kunezikhathi ezimbalwa zebhizinisi ezimakethe. Kwakuyinyanga ehamba phambili kusukela ngo-Okthoba odlule. Esikhathini nonyaka, kube nokwehla okungama-25,4%. Lapho, inani lezingxoxo lalingu-2,9 million, okusho ukuthi, u-7% ungaphansi kuka-Mashi no-0,8% ngaphansi kunayo leyo nyanga yonyaka odlule. Kepha lezi yizibalo ezingakwenzi se izophinda ezinyangeni zasehlobo.
Ngokwalo mongo ojwayelekile, sizophakamisa uchungechunge lwezinye izindlela zokutshala imali ukuze ukwazi ukwenza imali oyongile ibe nenzuzo ngayo iziqinisekiso ezinkulu zempumelelo. Ngaphandle kokudela noma iyiphi impahla yezezimali, noma ngabe usebenza ngokuhlakanipha okukhulu kunamanje. Ukuze, lapho ubuya kusuka emaholidini, uzothola ibhalansi ku-akhawunti yakho yokubheka iphilile ngokwengeziwe. Futhi lokho, ngemuva kwakho konke, ngabe kumayelana nani kulezi zinyanga ezikhethekile zonyaka. Lapho, ngokuqagela, isimo esishubile sizokwanda ezimakethe zezimali, kokubili kuzwelonke nangaphandle kwemingcele yethu.
Ezinye izindlela: Izibopho zase-US
Ngenye yezindlela ezinobuhlakani bokugxila kutshalo-mali ezinyangeni zasehlobo ngenxa yokuzethemba ukuthi lo mkhiqizo wezezimali ukhiqiza. Kuze kube yilapho iba yinani eliphephile lapho kwenzeka khona ukungazinzi ezimakethe zezimali ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka. Inzuzo amabhondi ase-United States angakhiqiza ukuhamba ebangeni elihambayo 1,50% kuye ku-3%. Lapho, ngaphandle kokungabaza, ingxenye enhle yokonga kwabatshalizimali izobhekiswa kulesi sikhathi sasehlobo sonyaka.
Indlela elula yokwenza izinkontileka ze-United States nge- izimali zokutshala imali ezihleliwe okuncike kule mpahla yezezimali. Ngenzuzo yokuthi ingahlanganiswa nezinye izimpahla zezezimali ezinokubaluleka okuthile emkhakheni wokutshala imali. Izingozi zayo ziphansi futhi noma kunjalo zilawulwa kakhulu kusukela ekuqaleni kokusebenza. Kungaba inketho ethakazelisa kakhulu ekuvikeleni izintshisekelo zakho. Ikakhulukazi uma ukuvela kwezimakethe zezimali kungafuneki kubasebenzisi bezimakethe zamasheya,
Izimali ezifakwa izinyanga ezintathu
Imali yasebhange yesikhathi esinqunyelwe ingenye yezindlela onazo ngalo mzuzu oqondile. Nge- isikhathi sokuhlala Kuzohlala izinyanga zasehlobo. Lokho kusho ukuthi, izinyanga ezintathu ukuze ukwazi ukusebenzisa amaholide ngokuthula okuphelele kwengqondo futhi ugweme izinkinga ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka lapho kufanele uphumule olwandle ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa zokusebenza ezikhathazayo. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi lo mkhiqizo wezezimali awunikeli ngenzuzo enkulu ngoba icishe ibe ngu-0,80%, kepha okungenani uzoba nenkokhelo eqinisekisiwe oyothola uma usuvuthiwe.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ungakhohlwa noma ukuthi leli su lokutshala imali lingakusiza ukuthi ushiye utshalomali emakethe yamasheya ehlobo. Futhi ungaqhubeka ngokufanayo ngemuva kwamaholide. Mhlawumbe ngamanani kumasheya ezokuphepha angancintisana kakhulu kunamanje. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyindlela yokutshala imali leyo ngeke ikhiqize amakhomishini nezinye izindleko ekuphathweni nasekugcinweni kwayo. Ngale kokunye ukucatshangelwa kwezobuchwepheshe. Kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokusebenzisa izinsuku ezimbalwa ezithulile endaweni yakho noma lapho uya khona eholidini.
Vula i-akhawunti ekhokha kakhulu
Ngaphambi kokuthi kuqale inkathi yehlobo, kungaba yisizathu esihle sokwenza ngokusemthethweni lokho okuthiwa yi-akhawunti ekhokha kakhulu. Lapho bangakunika khona i- isilinganiso senzuzo yonyaka efinyelela ku-2,20%. Okungukuthi, ngaphezulu kwemikhiqizo ejwayelekile engenayo engaguquki. Lapho ungaqondisa khona zonke izikweletu zakho zasendlini (ugesi, amanzi, igesi, njll.), Kanye nokufinyelela kumakhadi wesikweletu nawasebhange ngokuphelele. Kusuka lapho ungaphatha khona zonke izindleko zakho noma ukhiphe imali kumadivayisi wezobuchwepheshe.
Lezi zinhlobo zama-akhawunti ziyabekwa ekunikezelweni kwamanje okwenziwe yizinhlangano zebhange futhi okuhloswe ngazo ukuheha amakhasimende kulo mncintiswano. Nge okunikezwayo nokuphromotha ukusikisela ngokuya ngokuya nangolaka olungakusiza ngokukhokha ku-akhawunti okungenzeka ukuthi ubungalindelanga ukubala ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka. Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, singekhohlwe ukuthi lokhu kungumholo ohleliwe futhi oqinisekisiwe. Noma yini eyenzekayo ezimakethe ezehlukene zezezimali, zombili kusuka kwimali engaguquki nakwezimali.
Ukuphepha okuvikelwayo emakethe yamasheya
Uma, noma kunjalo, uthathe isinqumo sokuthi uzoqhubeka nokutshala kwakho imali emakethe yamasheya phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo, awudingi ukubeka imali yakho engcupheni ngalezi zinsuku ezikhethekile zonyaka. Ngomqondo wokuthi ungaya kumanani wokuzivikela noma wokugcina ngaphezulu kusukela manje. Bangabadlali abenza kahle kakhulu ezikhathini ezinzima kakhulu ezimakethe zezimali futhi kwezinye izimo bangathola nembuyiselo ehlonishwa kakhulu. Njengesibonelo, kufayela le- amanani womkhakha kagesi lokho futhi kunezabelo ezinenzuzo engaphezu kuka-6%.
Kuyiqiniso ukuthi lokhu kuyi- enye indlela enobudlova ukwedlula konke okunye, kepha ngokulawulwa okukhulu kwezikhundla emakethe yamasheya ngenxa yezici ezikhethekile zalezi zimfihlo. Lapho unezinketho eziningi ongakhetha kuzo ngaphakathi kwemali engenayo eguquguqukayo kazwelonke. Amanani esitoko angenza kahle kakhulu phakathi nalezi zinyanga, noma ngabe kuhlale kunengozi ecashile mayelana nokuvela kwawo emakethe yamasheya. Ngoba ekugcineni kosuku kumayelana nezimakethe zokulingana nokuthi kusho ukuthini lokho lapho uphatha imali. Kuphi ukonga kwabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi abafuna ukonga izimpahla zabo kulezi zinsuku.
Izibopho zebhizinisi
Enye indlela yangempela yokubhekana nokutshalwa kwezimali yenziwe ngalo mkhiqizo wezezimali. Ngokuvamile, amabhondi azothola i- isigqebhezana esingu-3,50% ngokuqokwa njalo ngonyaka, ekhokhwa njalo ngekota, ngenani eliphansi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukwehliswa kwemali kuzokwenzeka ngokunciphisa inani elilinganiselwe futhi njalo ngekota kuze kube unyaka we-2038. Lokhu mhlawumbe kuyinkinga yabo, ukuthi banokuvuthwa okude kakhulu futhi ngenxa yalokho babhekiswe kuphrofayili yokutshalwa kwezimali echazwe kahle kakhulu. Lapho kudingeka khona ukuzama ukuba nesilinganiso esinomkhuba ozinzile wokunikeza ukuphepha okukhulu kokutshalwa kwezimali.
Ukunikezwa kwamanje kumabhondi kusebenza kakhulu futhi kuzodingeka uthole inkampani exazulula izinkinga ephethe ukumaketha le mikhiqizo yezezimali. Ngakho-ke ngale ndlela, usesimweni sokuthuthukisa isitatimende sakho semali engenayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngomzila wezezimali obulokhu utholakala kubatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Lapho umcabango wokongiwa kwemali udlula ezinye izingqinamba ezinolaka ezimakethe zezimali. Ngomholo lokho kungathandeka kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imikhiqizo yezimali enezici ezifanayo.
Amanothi wesethembiso se-Endesa
Enye indlela enobuhlakani obukhulu okwamanje imelwe yilo mkhiqizo osuselwe kumholo ohleliwe. Ngoba empeleni, i-Endesa icele ukwamukelwa ekuhwebeni kohlelo lwayo olusha lwamanothi wokuthembisa ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-3.000 100.000 ebhalansi esele emakethe engaguquguquki yemali engenayo yeBME. Ngaphansi kwalolu hlelo olusha i-Endesa izokwazi ukukhipha amanothi wesethembiso angaqondakali ngokuqokwa kwamayunithi angama-500.000 euros noma ama-XNUMX amadola kanye nokuvuthwa phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-3 nezingama-364. Ukufika ezingeni lokuba enye yezinketho ongazithola uma ungazimisele ukuthatha izingozi ngokweqile kutshalomali olwenziwe.
Ngale ndlela, umphathi omkhulu we-Endesa, uJosé Bogas, ugcizelele ukuthi "uhlelo olusha lwe-Endesa luqinisekisa isimo salo njengomkhiphi wokulinganisa futhi lukhombisa ukuzethemba kwezimakethe ezinhlakeni zokuphatha zaseSpain nasezinhlwini zohlu." Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-Endesa inesilinganiso sesikhashana esifushane u-A-2, umbono ozinzile, nge-Standard & Poor's; kusuka ku-P-2, esitebeleni, nge-Moody's; naku-F-2, okuzinzile, nguFitch. Ku-2018, i-Endesa ithole imali ehlanganisiwe yama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-20.195 kanye ne-EBITDA yezigidi ezingama-3.627. Ngomholo lokho kungathandeka kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imikhiqizo yezimali enezici ezifanayo.