Ngaphakathi kwenkomba ekhethiwe yezimali zaseSpain, i-Ibex 35, kunamanani athile achazwe kahle abhekwa njengonhlamvukazi ophakeme. Ngabe lezi ziphakamiso empeleni zitshalwa kanjani? Yebo, bahlukile ngoba kuzo zonke izikhathi zokuhweba izinkulungwane nezinkulungwane zezihloko ziyahamba futhi abanikeli nkinga kubatshali zimali abancane nabaphakathi ukuthenga nokuthengisa amasheya abo. Akumangalisi ukuthi ukwenyuka kwemali yayo ephezulu kungenye yezinhlaka ezijwayelekile ezifanele kakhulu. Ngaphezulu kokunye ukucatshangelwa kobuchwepheshe.
Izibambiso ezinkulu zongxiwankulu zimelelwa eqenjini elikhethiwe le-Ibex 35 futhi ngokuvamile lihambisana nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi ama-chips aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezimalini zikazwelonke. Lokho wukuthi, iBanco Santander, i-BBVA, iTelefonica, iRepsol ne-Iberdrola. Yibo abanezibambiso ezithandwa kakhulu ngabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Ukufika ezingeni lokuthi yibona abasebenza kakhulu kuzo zonke izikhathi zokuhweba. Kokubili uma kukhulunywa ngokuthenga kwakho nokuthengisa kwakho, ngokungaqondakali. Ngevolumu yokuhweba evelele umsebenzi wayo omkhulu ezimakethe zezimali.
Lokhu kuhambelana nokubaluleke kakhulu ezweni futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke okunye, kuchungechunge oluphelele lweziqinisekiso lokwenza imisebenzi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Zizifushane, iziphakamiso zesici okufanele wazi ukuthi yini ezinye zazo izimpawu zokuzazisa okubaluleke kakhulu okwamanje. Ngenhloso eseqhulwini owaziyo ukuthi ungahamba kanjani nayo kalula ukwedlula kuze kube manje ezweni elihlale liyinkimbinkimbi emakethe yamasheya noma ebudlelwaneni bakho nemali.
Ukuphepha Okukhulu Kwesikhwama: Uketshezi
Akungabazeki ukuthi ukwenziwa kwemali kuyimpahla ebaluleke kunazo zonke kulezi zimali zikazwelonke ezikhetheke kakhulu. Lokhu ngokwenza kusho ukuthi ungakwazi phuma bese ufaka izikhundla zabo noma nini lapho ufuna futhi ngaphandle kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwemikhawulo noma ukulinganiselwa. Okusho ukuthi, ungalungisa kalula amanani wokungena nokuphuma kulawa manani. Ngale ndlela, akungabazeki ukuthi kuzokuzuzisa ukwenza imali yakho etholakalayo yokutshala imali emakethe yamasheya ibe nenzuzo. Ukuze ukuqonda kwakho kube ngcono, awusoze wabanjwa yizikhundla zabo. Ngomehluko obanzi kakhulu phakathi kwentengo yokuthenga nentengo yokuthengisa.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amakepisi amakhulu abonakala ngomsebenzi wabo ophakeme ezimakethe zezimali. Ukufika lapho i- ukushintshana ngeziqu zabo kungathathwa njengokungaqedi. Bathatha umthetho wokunikezela nokufunwa ekubonisweni kwawo okuphezulu futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, ngaphezulu kwamasheya amancane naphakathi naphakathi. Kuyizibambiso zesitoko ezingahlukaniswa njengezikhululeke kakhulu ukuthi zibe kuphothifoliyo yokutshala imali nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Vele, akumangazi ukuthi zibhekwa njengezilinganiso ezizinzile kakhulu zamasheya, ezinomehluko omkhulu kokunye.
Amanani angenakuphathwa kalula
Ngalokhu kuphikiswa, kungashiwo ngokungenamsebenzi ngokuphelele ukuthi lawa manani esitoko awanakuphathwa kunakho konke okunye. Ngamanye amagama, izandla eziqinile zezimakethe zezimali azikwazi ukushintsha ukulinganiswa kwazo kalula njengasesimweni sokuphepha esinemali emincane kakhulu. Lokhu kuyinzuzo enkulu ezithakazelweni zakho njengomtshali-zimali ngoba uzoba nesiqinisekiso sokuthi ngeke zithuthuke. imisebenzi engavamile mayelana nabo. Okuthile okwenzeka ngemvamisa ethile ngamanani okuncishiswa okuncane kakhulu futhi okungadala enye inkinga ngemisebenzi ongayithuthukisa kusuka kulezi zikhathi eziqondile.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ungeke ukhohlwe ngalesi sikhathi ukuthi lawa mavelu wesitoko akhetheke kakhulu ekunyakazeni okwaziwa njengokucabangela. Ngokuguquguquka okuncane ekuguqukeni kwamanani ayo njengoba kunengqondo ukuqonda ngakho konke okuphikisayo. Ngalo mqondo, akungabazeki ukuthi ungaba nokuthula lapho uvula izikhundla zakho ngoba zizinzile kakhulu kunabo bonke abanye. Yize kunjalo, indlela yokusebenza yokufakwa kuhlu emakethe yamasheya iyafana nokunye ukuphepha. Akukho mehluko obalulekile wokuhambisana okukhethekile.
Bacaphuna ngokuzinza okwengeziwe
Enye yezimpawu zokuphepha okubizwa ngokuthi yimali emikhulu yilezo ezibhekise kokukhulu kwazo ukuzinza lapho kumakwa amanani wokuvala. Lokho wukuthi, awanawo umehluko obaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwezintengo zawo eziphakeme nezincane. Ngamamajini aphakathi kuka-1% no-3%, noma lokhu akusho ngempela ukuthi bavikelekile ekuguquguqukeni okukhulu kwesinye isikhathi. Ikakhulukazi uma kunezimo ezingezinhle ezimakethe zezimali ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene. Njengoba kwenzekile ezikhathini zakamuva zemakethe yamasheya kazwelonke.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvikeleka kwemali emikhulu yikhona okusetha imihlahlandlela yokuthi izobhekiswa kuphi. ukunyakaza kuma-stock indices zezimakethe zezimali. Kusetshenziswe emakethe yamasheya yaseSpain, akungabazeki ukuthi baphindaphinda ukuvela kwenkomba ekhethiwe yamasheya kazwelonke, i-Ibex 35. Ngalo mqondo, angabhekwa kumanani athathwa njengalawo akhonjisiwe. Lesi sisho sifana nokutshala imali ngqo kwi-Ibex 35. Ngokungekho mehluko ekucushweni kwamanani ayo, okusho ukuthi ungawalandela ngokunethezeka kunakwabanye abameleli bamasheya kazwelonke.
Lezi izinketho eziguquguqukayo kakhulu
Lokhu kungenye yezimpawu zabo ezifanele kakhulu futhi ezibenza bathembeke ngezinkulungwane nezinkulungwane zabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Akumangalisi ukuthi babavumele ukuba balungise kalula ukungena kwabo nokuphuma kwamanani ezimakethe zezezimali. Ngoba empeleni, ayikho indawo yokunyakaza okungaqhamuka okungaveza esinye isimo esingafuneki ukuvikela izintshisekelo zakho njengomtshali-zimali omncane nophakathi oyikho ngempela. Ngamanye amagama, izigqoko ezinkulu zithembeke kakhulu.
Yize lokhu akusho ukuthi inzuzo yakho iphezulu (noma yimbi kakhulu). Akuhlangene ngalutho nalokhu ngoba kuncike kwezinye izinto esezivele zichaziwe kwezinye izindatshana. Kunoma ikuphi, akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi ukulahlekelwa noma ukwazisa kwakho kuphakame kakhulu. Vele lokhu akunjalo ngoba kuyaqabukela kakhulu ukuthi amamaki wokuhweba unyaka nonyaka yeqa amazinga angama-40%, ngenye indlela noma enye. Ngaphandle kokungajwayelekile, njengoba kwenzekile muva nje ngamasheya we-DÍA. Kepha njengoba siphawulile, akuyona imicimbi ejwayelekile kakhulu engenzeka.
Izihloko eziningi ziyahamba
Umsebenzi wakhe ezimakethe zezimali kungathiwa uxakekile ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuthi uzobe engalungile. Ngokushintshwa ezandleni zezinkulungwane nezinkulungwane zamatayitela alezi zinkampani ezibalwe leyo yinto ehlukanisa lawa mavelu wemali engenayo kazwelonke. Zihlala zisebenza ngokuphelele futhi amanani abo ayashintsha njalo, lapho cishe zingakaze zisungulwe ngaphansi koshintsho olufanayo kumanani abo. Kuze kube umzuzu wokugcina wokuvalwa kwayo, umsebenzi wayo kungashiwo ukuthi uhlala njalo. Kungakho kungafanele usebenzise i-oda lokuthenga noma lokuthengisa ngentengo yemakethe. Uma kungenjalo, kunalokho, kulula ukuthi ukhombise inani elihlangabezana nezilindelo zakho njengomtshali-zimali.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuvikeleka kwemali emikhulu emikhulu nakho kuyabonakala kakhulu ngenxa yalezi zici esizishilo kule ndatshana. Abaze banganakwa abasebenzisi be-stock market, ngisho nangabatshalizimali abanolwazi oluncane kulolu hlobo lokusebenza ezimakethe zezezimali. Ngokwalokhu kubukwa singasho ukuthi kunjalo amanani ayinkimbinkimbi kangako ukuze ukwazi ukusebenza nabo, noma ngabe iyiphi iphrofayili oyivezayo njengomtshali-zimali omncane naphakathi. Okuthile okukuthandayo kumasu ozowathuthukisa kusukela manje kuqhubeke.
Izinkampani ezibaluleke kakhulu ezweni
Lokhu kuvikeleka kwemali ephezulu kufana nezinkampani ezibalulwe kakhulu kulayini ngamunye webhizinisi. Lokhu kuyinto engangabazeki futhi engahunyushwa njengophawu lokuzethemba ukuze ukwazi ukusebenzisa kahle imali oyongile ngeziqinisekiso ezithe xaxa zempumelelo ekuthengeni nasekuthengiseni amasheya emakethe yamasheya. Phakathi kwezinye izizathu ngoba usekelwa wuhlobo lwezohwebo olunikeza ukuzethemba okukhulu maqondana nemali oyitshala. Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, singekhohlwe ukuthi banikela nge- ukwahlukanisa isivuno cishe u-5%. Ngokukhokha ku-akhawunti okulungisiwe nokuqinisekisiwe minyaka yonke.
Ngokuqondile ukukhokhwa kwezabelo kubaninimasheya kungenye yezinto ezijwayelekile kulezi zinkampani ezinkulu zokwenza imali. Akukho okuhlukile kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo futhi lokhu kuyisici esingakunika nokuzethemba okukhulu lapho wenza ukusebenza kwalezi zici. Ngoba ingakha isikhwama sokonga esizinzile sesikhathi esiphakathi nesikhathi eside. Ukuze ngale ndlela, ukwazi ukumisa iphothifoliyo yemali engenayo engaguquki kokuguquguqukayo.