Yini elindelwe emakethe yezindlu eSpain kulo 2020

Awukho unyaka ofana nomunye, futhi izinto zibonakala zingahambi kahle emakethe yezindlu. Noma mhlawumbe akunjalo? Iqiniso ukuthi ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva ekhonjisiwe inani lokuthengisa linikezwe inkontileka okokuqala eminyakeni engu-5. Futhi ukuqhubeka okuphansi kwentengo ebuyayo kuyaqala ukubonakala, esimweni sokuthengwa, obekuhambisana neminyaka edlule.

Okwerenti, okukhuphuka kwayo kube okuphawuleka nakakhulu, inani elijwayelekile lokuqasha likhuphuke ngo-3% kulo 2019. Ngokwesimo lapho ukuhlaziywa kwezindlu kungaphezulu kunemiholo, yini esingayilindela ngo-2020? Amanye amazwi asola ukuthi kungahle kume intengo ngenxa yokungazinzi kwezepolitiki. Abanye kulowo mkhakha bangaqala ukukhululeka ngaphambi kokubuyela emuva obekukhona. Kepha kunoma yikuphi, into enhle kakhulu kuzoba ukukwazi ukuhlola nokuqhathanisa idatha entsha ekhishwe.

Ukuguquka kwentengo yokuthengiswa kwamafulethi eSpain

Ukudayiswa kwamafulethi kwehle ngo-3% kule 3 edlule. Lokhu ngukwehla kokuqala kwangaphakathi kwenani lokuthengisa kusukela ngo-2013, unyaka lapho kwehle khona u-1%. Okwenziwayo okuphelele emakhaya, ama-9% ahambisana namasekeni, okuba yi-81% ekwakhiweni okusha. Yize bevame ukuthengisa kancane, ukwakhiwa okusha nakho kube nonyaka omubi, ukuthengiswa kwawo kwehle ngo-5% kwisamba semisebenzi ebisenziwa esikhathini esedlule.

Ngaphandle kwalokhu, idatha engamema ithemba ukuthi kokubili u-2018 no-2019 bathengise izindlu ezingaphezu kwesigamu sesigidi. Imininingwane engazange ibonwe kusukela ngo-2007 nango-2008 lapho lezi zibalo zeqiwe khona. Abanye ochwepheshe emakethe yezezakhiwo bathi ngemuva kwale minyaka yokwenyuka ngo-10% ngonyaka, sekuyinto "yokuhlanganisa" noma "ukulinganisela" emakethe kunokunciphisa kancane.

Namanje nokwehla, ngokujwayelekile, intengo yendlu ejwayelekile inyuke ngaphezu kuka-3% eSpain. Izifundazwe ezibhalise ukukhushulwa okuphezulu kakhulu (ngaphezulu kuka-10%) kube yiLogroño eno-20%, iHuesca eno-4%, iSanta Cruz de Tenerife eno-20%, iSeville yona engu-2%, kwathi ekugcineni iPamplona, ​​iSoria, i-Ourense, iPalma de Mallorca ne-Albacete phakathi 15 no-1%. IMadrid neBarcelona, ​​balinganisele ukunyuka kwabo ngo-12% no -10% ngokulandelana.

Ukwehla kwentengo enkulu kubhaliswe ezifundazweni zaseCiudad Real ngo -10%, iBadajoz ngo -7%, iBurgos ngo -4% kanti iTarragona yona yabhaliswa ngo--7%.

Ukuqashwa kwale ndlu nokukhuphuka kwayo okunganqandeki kwamanani entengo

Uma okuthile kuphumelele ukudlula amanani ngaphambi kwenkinga, ukuqashwa kwezindlu. Njengamanje, babhalisa amanani aphakeme kakhulu ake anikezwa. Futhi ukuthi ukungafuni ukuthenga imindeni ngaphambi kokungazinzi kwezezimali namuhla kusolwa kakhulu kunakuqala. Lokhu ukwenqaba ukuthenga nokukhetha ukuqasha kudala ukunyuka kwamanani, njengoba kukhona amafulethi ambalwa atholakalayo. Kodwa-ke, ukwanda okukhulu kakhulu kwenzeke emadolobheni amakhulu. Uphawu olunikezwe amandla emakethe "ukuzilawula".

ISpain iseseyizwe labanikazi, kepha ifuna ukwazi ngalokhu, imininingwane yezindlu eziqashiwe. Sekwedlulile kusuka kumakhaya ayi-14% aqashiwe ngo-2008 kuya ku-17% namuhla. Le nto yenzeke ngaphezu kwakho konke emadolobheni amakhulu amabili, iMadrid neBarcelona, ​​lapho ukwenyuka kwentengo kube namandla kakhulu kwaphoqa imindeni eminingi ukuthi iphendukele kulokhu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iphrofayili yomthengi, lapho benza khona okunye ababegxile kubantu abasha, namuhla kwehlukile. Iphrofayili ejwayelekile yomthengi ngabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-35 ubudala, abanemali enhle futhi ezinzile. Kodwa-ke, kubantu abasha, indawo yokusebenza ngokuvamile iphakathi kweholo eliyingozi neliphansi kanye nokonga okuncane. Isimo izizukulwane ezedlule ezazingazange sibe naso.

Ukwahluka kwentengo yokuqasha ngo-2019

Ukuqashwa kukhuphuke ngesilinganiso esingu-4% kulo lonke elaseSpain. EMadrid, kwakhokhwa u-4'4% kwathi iBarcelona yanyuka kancane ngo-1%. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, okushaqisayo ngale datha ekhulayo ukuthi abatshalizimali ababonanga ngonyaka ka-8 njengonyaka wokwenyuka, kodwa kunalokho wokuqiniswa kwentengo. Abanye ochwepheshe basola ukuthi lo mthetho omusha wokuqasha kungenzeka ube nemiphumela engalindelekile enanini lokuqasha. Le datha yinto ebonakalisiwe kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu. Ukuzama ukushaya umthetho ngentengo, ngendlela "yokufakelwa", kungaba nomphumela ongalindelekile, umphumela ohlukile.

Uma sizithola ngemiphakathi ezimele, leyo ebhalise ukwenyuka okukhulu yiNavarra nge-10%, i-Aragon nge-6% neLa Rioja nge-9%. Phakathi kokukhula okuncane kakhulu, singathola iziQhingi zeBalearic ezine-1%, iCanary Islands inyuke ngo-8%, kanye noMphakathi waseMadrid ngo-7%. Lokho wukuthi, ukunyuka intaba kuyo yonke imiphakathi. Futhi uma sibheka ezifundazweni, kube khona ababili kuphela asebebhalisile ukwehlaLawa yi-Ourense nge -2% kanye neTeruel nge -5%.

Izinga lezifundazwe ezibiza kakhulu lapho kungaqashwa khona ikhaya lisaholwa yiMadrid, ngentengo engu- € 14 ngemitha eyisikwele, neBarcelona ngo- € 7 ngemitha.

Yini ongayilindela emakethe yezindlu ngo-2020?

Yize kunezibalo ezingafani futhi njengoba sonke sazi, ukwenza isibikezelo esinokwethenjelwa kunzima, uma kunemikhuba engalindeleka. Phakathi kwabo, lokho kwe ukulinganiswa nokuzinziswa kwamanani, okuzoqhubeka ngokwenyuka okuncane. Ezindaweni ezibiza kakhulu eMadrid naseBarcelona, ​​ukwanda kufanele kuqhubeke, kepha ngejubane elincane kakhulu. Isifiso sezindlu ezintsha zokwakha sizoqhubeka nokuba khona, kepha kufanele kube khona ukukhushulwa okwengeziwe kanye nezakhiwo ukugwema ukungezwani ngamanani ezizayo.

Izindawo ezisemaphethelweni, ezinamakhaya abantu futhi ngokuvamile ezinkudlwana, kulindeleke ukuthi zikhuphuke kakhulu. Isimo esenzeka ngoba yize kunokwenyuka okulindelekile, amanani entengo azoqhubeka nokuba phansi kunalawo asemadolobheni amakhulu. Into ejwayelekile, lapho imakethe iqala ukugcwala ngenxa yokunyuka okunamandla okubhalisiwe eminyakeni eyedlule.

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