Ngesikhathi samaholide ehlobo kulo nyaka, i- Ama-60% aseSpain (okungukuthi, inani eliphelele labahlali abayizigidi ezingama-28,04) bazoya eholidini kanti izindleko ezijwayelekile zizokuba ngama-1.789 euros umuntu ngamunye. Abantu baseSpain abangaphezu kwezigidi ezintathu (3%) bazohlehlisa izindleko zabo zeholide futhi, kulokhu, izigidi eziyi-17 zizokwenza kanjalo ngezindleko, ngokusho kombiko wakamuva ovela kumqhathanisi wemikhiqizo yezimali. Lapho kuqinisekiswa khona isifiso sabasebenzisi sokungahlali ekhaya ngemuva kwezinyanga ezinzima emsebenzini.
Umbiko oshiwo ngenhla uyakukhombisa lokho cishe abaseSpain abayizigidi ezimbiliBona (ingqikithi ye-1.981.779) bazokhokha kancane kancane ama-euro ayi-1.789 okuthi, ngokwesilinganiso, amaholide abo azobabiza kuleli hlobo. Ngale ndlela, kuthonywa ngumbiko kaKelisto oveza ukuthi labo abathatha isinqumo sokuxhasa ikhefu labo lasehlobo kuzodingeka bakhokhe ama-euro angama-49,3 ngokwesilinganiso senzalo, okukhombisa izindleko eziphelele zama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-97,7.
Ngaleli hlobo, Ama-60% amaSpain (28,04 million) azoya eholidini, izinsuku ezimbalwa zokuphumula lapho kuzodingeka ukhokhele isilinganiso sama-euro angu-1.789 ngomuntu ngamunye, u-10% ngaphezulu (ama-euro ayi-163) kunangonyaka odlule. Kodwa-ke, ukuze bakwazi ukubhekana nalezi zindleko, abantu abayizigidi ezingama-3,04 bazohlehlisa izindleko zabo (i-17% yengqikithi) futhi, kulokhu, izigidi eziyi-1,9 (65%) bazosebenzisa umkhiqizo wezezimali ozosho ukuthatha izindleko ezithile. Kunoma iyiphi imigqa yesikweletu futhi phakathi kwayo kufakwe leyo evela kolayini bekhadi lesikweletu.
Isikweletu seholide esinomholo
Ukubeka amaholo kuqala ngaso sonke isikhathi isu elihle kakhulu lokwehlisa isikweletu. Ngaphansi kwamaphesenti ahamba ebangeni lelo isuka ku-1% iye ku-3% cishe. Kepha ngenzuzo enkulu kakhulu njengokuqedwa kwamakhomishini nezinye izindleko ekuphathweni nasekugcinweni kwayo. Njengomphumela walesi senzo, abafaka izicelo zalo mkhiqizo webhange bangonga kuze kufike ku-3% enanini lesimangalo. Ngezimo ezikahle kakhulu zezintshisekelo zakho ebudlelwaneni bakho nezikhungo zezikweletu.
Ingxenye enhle yolayini bezikweletu ikhulelwa ngaphansi kwalesi sici esikhethekile ngezinhlangano zezezimali. Ngemfuneko eyodwa yokubeka umholo phambili noma, lapho kufanele khona, imali ejwayelekile evela kubasebenzi abazisebenzayounyaka ozisebenzayo. Ngamamodeli ahlukene lapho ungakhetha khona ifomethi enhle kakhulu yokucela imalimboleko yokuchitha leli holidi lasehlobo elilandelayo.
Ukuba yikhasimende elithandwayo
Akungabazeki ukuthi ukuba iklayenti lebhange elihle kungenza lula umsebenzi onzima wokuthola imali mboleko enezimo ezingcono kunkontileka yayo. Ngalokhu kuzodingeka ukuthi ungabi nezikweletu nebhange, ube nobudlelwano obusebenzayo nalo futhi kunjalo unebhalansi enamandla kakhulu ku-akhawunti yakho yokonga. Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, inzalo izothamba kusukela manje. Ngaphandle kolunye uchungechunge lokucatshangelwa kwezobuchwepheshe. Ngemvume ezokwenziwa ibe semthethweni ngokunethezeka nangesikhathi esifushane kakhulu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, asikwazi ukukhohlwa ukuthi akubona bonke abasebenzisi abazokwazi ukufinyelela kule modeli ukuthola lo mugqa okhethekile wesikweletu. Lapho abalahlekile khona imigomo yokukhokha eqinile kakhulu nezidingo zamakhasimende uqobo. Ukwazi ukukhetha phakathi kwamafomethi ahlukene athengiswa ngamabhange ngemuva kwemvume yawo efike ngesikhathi. Ukuba ngelinye lamathuba onawo njengamanje okuthola isikweletu eshibhile namanani wenzalo anokuncintisana kakhulu kunamanje.
Ukunikezwa kwamabhange nokukhushulwa
Ungahle ungazi, kepha kunenye inketho engaba yinhle kakhulu ukuhlangabezana nalesi sidingo sokuchitha iholide elilandelayo kuleli hlobo. Kwenziwa kanjani ukuthola izikweletu ezinikezwa ngamabhange kumakhasimende amasha. Kuthengiswa ngezimo ezingcono ekuqashweni kwabo ngamanani wenzalo ephansi kunamanye. Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, bavame ukukhululwa kumakhomishini nakwezinye izindleko ekuphathweni nasekugcinweni kwabo. Ngokonga okwenziwe yilesi senzo kubudlelwano nezinhlangano zebhange futhi kuzuze ubudlelwano bakho bomuntu siqu.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele futhi sigcizelele iqiniso lokuthi leli qhinga lezentengiso lisiza kakhulu izintshisekelo zakho ngoba ungathola iziphakamiso ezizuzisa kakhulu ukuze kulo nyaka kuzokubiza imali encane yokusebenzisa amaholide akho. Ngoba empeleni, ziyamakethwa nazo amazinga wenzalo ahambisa u-6% no-7%, futhi ngaphandle kwamakhomishini noma ezinye izindleko ekuphathweni noma ekugcineni. Okubi ngokukhetha isu lokuhweba ukuthi alihlali litholakala unyaka wonke. Uma kungenjalo, kunalokho, kukhula ngendlela ethile futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke kunqunyelwe ngesikhathi. Hhayi ngeze, kufanele wazi ngokuvela kwalolu hlobo lokunyuswa kanye nokunikezwa kulawa mafomethi kumugqa wesikweletu ukukhokhela iholide lakho elilandelayo.
Izikweletu zokuya phesheya
Zenzelwe ukukhokhela iziqu ze-bachelor, i-master degree, i-postgraduate noma izifundo zokuqeqesha ezenziwa ngabafundi phesheya, kanye nezindleko ezitholakala kulokhu kuhlala (ukuhamba, okokufundisa, ukuqasha izindlu, njll.). Kuthi lapho bedlulela phakathi kwama-euro angama-20.000 60.000 kuya kwangama-4 angabuyiselwa esikhathini sokukhokha esiphakathi kweminyaka engu-10 nengu-XNUMX, kuya ngenani lemalimboleko. Ngaphansi kwezinga lenzalo ezimweni ezingcono kunalezo ezinikezwa ezinye izinhlobo zemalimboleko futhi "okuyi-hook" eyinhloko yokuyimaketha kumakhasimende angaba khona ukufaka isikhathi somusa lapho abanini bezokhokha kuphela inzalo.
Yize ukufinyelela kwayo kuvulekele zonke izinhlobo zabafundi baseyunivesithi, ngaphandle kokubheka ukuvunyelwa komuntu siqu, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi abanye izindlela ezifuna kakhulu Bafaka isidingo sokuthi eminye imikhiqizo inenkontileka nebhizinisi futhi, futhi kwezinye izimo, kuphoqelekile ukugcina irekhodi elihle lezemfundo ukuyizuza emakethe yasebhange. Ngenxa yezimpawu zazo ezikhethekile, izikhungo zezezimali zilindela amanani aphezulu kunalawo abelwe eminye imisebenzi yezemfundo, kanye nethuba lokudlula imikhawulo ebekwe ngaphansi kwemibandela ethile ngamabhange kanye namabhange okonga okwamanje ayamaketha.
Ukudonswa kwentela
Imalimboleko ingaletha ukuncishiswa kwentela uma inhloso yemalimboleko bekuwukunweba ikhaya noma ukukhokha ezinye izindleko ezikhokhelwa intela ekuthengweni kwekhaya, iminikelo ezinhlelweni zempesheni noma enye indawo lapho kuthathwa khona lezo ezithathwa njengezindleko ezingadonswa enteleni yomuntu ngamunye (Personal Intela yemali engenayo). Imali engenayo Yabantu Ngabanye). Ngokunjalo, ngokuthola lo mkhiqizo wesikweletu, amaklayenti azokwazi ukuzuza ephaketheni lemikhiqizo yasebhange yamahhala kanye nezinsizakalo ngenkathi egcina amaholo akhokhelwa esikhungweni sezezimali njenge: ukugcinwa nokuphathwa kwe-akhawunti yamanje, imali yonyaka yekhadi lesikweletu , ukudluliswa kanye nokuhlolwa, nokusetshenziswa kwenethiwekhi ye-ATM yebhange noma ibhange lokulondoloza onkontileka nalo mkhiqizo wezezimali.
Iphrofayili lapho iqondiswe khona
Iphrofayili lolu hlobo lwesikweletu oluqondiswe kuyo ichazwa kahle yizikhungo zezezimali eziyinikezayo, lapho amakhasimende anezinkinga kakhulu, nezikweletu noma ukukhokha sekwedlule isikhathi, kanye nalezo ezingenaso isamba semali esiphansi esidingwa yibhizinisi, okungukuthi, okuhlukaniswe njengengozi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, okubucayi kakhulu ukubanikeza yilezo ezinendawo yonke noma ingxenye enkulu yezakhiwo ezilandelayo ezichazwe ngezansi:
- Amaklayenti angenabungozi, okungukuthi, lawo anganikeli izinkinga enkampanini ngenxa yokukhokha kwawo sekwedlule isikhathi noma ukungakhokhi.
- Abasebenzisi abangenawo umkhiqizo wesikweletu onkontileka ngaleso sikhathi (imali mboleko yabathengi noma imali ebanjiswayo).
- Abantu abangaqinisekisa ukuthi imali mboleko ngokukhokha noma imali engenayo eyenziwe njalo.
- Yiba ngaleso sikhathi i-akhawunti yamanje enezimali ezanele zokuthatha isikweletu ositholile.
- Umlando omuhle kakhulu webhange, lapho kutholakala izinkontileka zokonga noma zokutshala imali kaningi.
- Ukutholakala kwempahla futhi, nokuthi kutholakele ukuthi akukho ukunyakaza ku-akhawunti yakho, okungukuthi, akukho ukuphuma kwemali okukhulu.
Imibhalo ezokwethulwa
Ukufinyelela kulolu hlobo lwamakhredithi asheshayo, izidingo, ngokuvamile, zibanzi kunalokho okungavela ekuqaleni, Akwanele nge-DNI nangesitatimende sokugcina semali engenayo. Ngokuya ngemibandela yesikhungo ngasinye sesikweletu, into ejwayeleke kakhulu ukuthi ngesikhathi sokumisa ngokusemthethweni ukubolekwa kwalezi zimpawu, abafakizicelo kumele balethe imibhalo elandelayo: ikhophi yeNational Identity Document noma iResidence Card esebenza kuwo wonke amaqembu angenelelayo, ikhophi yekhasethi eqondile edonswa egameni lakho (ugesi, amanzi, igesi, ucingo, umshuwalense, iselula ...); ubufakazi bemali engenayo yomnikazi kanye nomnikazi, uma kusebenza; Uma uqashiwe, kuzodingeka ifothokhophi yamaholo amabili okugcina futhi uma uzisebenza, kuzodingeka ikhophi yekhophi yentela yomuntu siqu yokugcina kanye nempinda yezingxenye ezimbili zokugcina. Ezimweni lapho abafaka izicelo bethatha umhlalaphansi noma abahola impesheni, idokhumende eligunyaziwe kuzoba lelo lokubuyekezwa kwempesheni