Zonke iimpawu zekhosi entsha ye-2019 yemakethi yesitokhwe ngokuqinisekileyo ayikhuthazi kwaye ibonisa ubuncinci ukuba ukungazinzi kuya kubakho kwiimarike ze-equity, ukuya kwinqanaba elikhulu okanye elincinci. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba isebe lohlalutyo lweBankinter luchaza ukuba kulo nyaka mtsha imeko esezantsi yentengiso yesitokhwe izakuphela kwaye uqikelelo lwabo lukhona ngengqondo yokuba kuyonyuka Inzuzo ejikeleze i-5% kuba bakholelwa ukuba isalathiso esikhethiweyo semali yaseSpain, i-Ibex 35, iya kufikelela kumanqaku ayi-9.200 ngokuphela konyaka.
Kwimeko jikelele apho kungabikho ukunqongophala kwabahlalutyi bezemali abanoluvo lokuba iimarike zentengiso okwangoku wohlwaywe ngokugqithileyo kwaye akunakuphikiswa ukuba kuyakubakho isaphulelo kumaxabiso ale marike ibalulekileyo yezemali. Ngaphaya kokunye ukuqwalaselwa kobuchwephesha kwaye mhlawumbi ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga izinto ezisisiseko. Ngayiphi na imeko, akusayi kubakho khetho ngaphandle kokulumka ngakumbi kwimisebenzi ekufuneka yenziwe ukusukela ngoku ukuya phambili.
Awunakulibala ukuba nasekupheleni kuka-2017 iingcali zentengiso yesitokhwe zeza kuqikelela ukuba unyaka omtsha uza kuba ulunge kakhulu kwizikhundla kwiimarike zezemali. Kwaye kwenzeka ukuba ekugqibeleni ibe yeyona minyaka imbi kakhulu kubatyali zimali abancinci nabaphakathi. Ngokuhla kwexabiso kwi-Ibex 35 ebikumanqanaba asondele kakhulu nge-15%. Oko kukuthi, basilele ngokuzimisela kuqikelelo lwabo lotyalo-mali kwaye kukhokelela kubatyali mali ukuba bazibuze ukuba akunakwenzeka na ngeli xesha.
Amaxabiso okuzikhusela: zithini?
Elinye lamanyathelo ekufuneka betyalwe ngabatyali zimali ukuze bathathe ingqalelo ngakumbi kukhuseleko oluchongiweyo njengelokuzikhusela okanye lokugcina. Esi sisicwangciso esisebenzayo zikhusele kuxinezeleko kwiimarike zezabelo. Eli klasi lezokhuseleko libonakaliswa ngokusisiseko kuba indlela eliziphethe ngayo ilunge ngakumbi kunamanye amaxesha amabi kwimarike yemasheya. Xa imarike yemasheya inyuka abayenzi loo nto ngamandla, kodwa xa amanani ezinto ezinciphayo ayenzi njalo ngogonyamelo olunje ekuweni kwala maxabiso.
Olunye uphawu lwalo oluphambili lusekwe kwinto yokuba amaxabiso kuncinci kakhulu ukuguquguquka ukuba abanye. Ngamanye amagama, umahluko phakathi kwamaxabiso abo aphezulu kunye nawona mncinci awaphakamanga kangako kwaye ngenxa yoko umngcipheko kubatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi uphantsi. Nokuba usemngciphekweni wokungakwazi ukuthatha ithuba lokunyuka kweemarike zezabelo. Kodwa ekubeni sithetha ngemeko engeyiyo kwiimarike zesitokhwe ngokubanzi, kunokuthiwa ngamaxabiso anomdla ngakumbi anokuba nawo kwipotifoliyo yakho. Banikezela ngozinzo ngakumbi kuyo emva kwayo yonke loo nto.
Ukuziphatha kwabo kwiimarike
Izitokhwe ezikhuselayo okanye ezilondolozayo ziyahlukaniswa ngamandla azo aphezulu yenze imali ezinzile okanye ezinzileyo kwixesha eliphakathi nelide. Oku kungenxa yenyani yokuba ihlala ibonisa ukungagungqi, nangona incinci kakhulu, ibuya minyaka le. Njengomphumo wolu lwazi, ezi xabiso zichazwe kakuhle ziyacetyiswa kakhulu ixesha elide lokuhlala apho injongo ikukudala uzinzo lokonga oluzinzileyo ngaphandle kokungazinzi kwezinye iinkampani ezidweliswe kwimarike yemasheya.
Kwelinye icala, icandelo elilungileyo lala maxabiso lihambisa Izabelo phakathi kwabanini zabelo. Ngembuyekezo yonyaka emiselweyo eyahluka phakathi kwe-4% kunye ne-7% ngokuxhomekeke kwizindululo ezikhethwe ngabasebenzisi. Isixa-mali esiya kwiakhawunti yokonga kwaba batyali mali ngemihla yabo yokuhlawulwa kwalo mvuzo. Ngayiphi na imeko, inokusetyenziswa njengesicwangciso sokuqala kunye nesicwangciso esiliqili sokwenza okanye ukwakha iphothifoliyo yengeniso esisigxina ngaphakathi kokungafaniyo. Ukuze ngale ndlela, abatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi babe nengeniso emiselweyo minyaka le ukuhlangabezana neendleko zabo eziphambili.
Amacandelo adityanisiweyo kakhulu
Olu didi lokhuselo lwesitokhwe, kwelinye icala, luyaziwa kakhulu kuba luvela kwiinkampani ezinemveli kakhulu kwaye ngaphezulu kwayo yonke imigca esekiweyo yeshishini. Abaxhomekeki kwimijikelezo yezoqoqosho kwaye banikezela ngexabiso elifunwa ngokubanzi yinxalenye enkulu yabemi. Njengomzekelo banokuba njalo iinkonzo zonikezelo lombane okanye unikezelo lweendlela, phakathi kwezinye zezona zibalulekileyo. Ngale ndlela, akukho mathandabuzo ukuba banikezela ngokhuseleko olukhulu kubatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi. Ngokuchasene nokubizwa ngokuba kukhuseleko lokuqikelela olunganikeli naliphi na ixabiso elongeziweyo.
Kwelinye icala, kufanele ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba ezi zindululo kwiimarike zezabelo ziyinxalenye yesikhundla sotyalo-mali kwezinye iimali zamanye amazwe okanye abaphathi ngenjongo yokuphuhlisa iipotfoliyo zabo zotyalo-mali. Ukuyila phi imali yepenshini kwaye kule meko bafumana ilungelo elikhulu ngenxa yozinzo lwamaxabiso abawanikayo kwiimeko ezininzi. Ziyinxalenye efanelekileyo kakhulu kwezi mveliso zezezimali kwaye nakweyiphi na imeko engentla ebonelelwa lolunye ukhuseleko oludityanisiweyo kwii-indices zemarike yemasheya kwihlabathi liphela.
Icandelo lezombane
Xa sithetha ngala maxabiso akhethekileyo, asinakho ukuzilibala iinkampani zombane ezizona zithethelela ngokugqwesa. Bazinze kakhulu kuqwalaselo lwamaxabiso abo kwaye ikwafanele ukuba babhatale enye ye izabelo eziphezulu kwimarike yezemali. Ngomyinge ophakathi kunye nonyaka onokufikelela kwi-7%, ngaphezulu ngentla kwayo ephawulwe ngazo zonke iimveliso zebhanki. Umzekelo, iidipozithi zexesha elimisiweyo, amanqaku ezithembiso zebhanki okanye iiakhawunti ezihlawula kakhulu. Apho kwelinye icala, indawo elungileyo yolondolozo lwabasebenzisi bebhanki iya ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezibonelelo kolu didi lweemveliso zemali.
Icandelo lezombane licandelo elidume kakhulu kubatyali zimali abancinci nabaphakathi abanesidima ngakumbi. Apho ukhuseleko lotyalo-mali lukhona ngaphezulu kwezinye izinto, kubandakanya inzuzo yemveliso ngokwayo. Njengomphumo wale meko, ukwabiwa kwezabelo kwezi nkampani izinzile kakhulu kwaye akukho ntelekelelo kwizinto zayo. Kwixesha elide, kuhlala kulula ukwenza ukonga okunenzuzo kunolunye ukhuseleko. Nangona bengaxolelwanga emingciphekweni nakokwehla kwamaxabiso kumaxabiso abo.
Amanye amacandelo azikhusela kakhulu
Ngayiphi na imeko, icandelo lombane ayisiyiyo kuphela elikhuselayo kwimarike yemasheya. Akukho kuncinci, kodwa kukho abanye abahlangabezana nolu phawu lubalulekileyo. Kungenxa yokuba enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kukutya okunefayile ye- indlela yokuziphatha engcono kwezona meko zinzima zeemarike zezabelo. Oku ikakhulu kungenxa yokuba banikezela ngemveliso eyimfuneko kubemi kwaye ngenxa yoko ifuna ukuthengwa. Kukwixesha lokudodobala kwezoqoqosho okanye, ngokuchaseneyo, kwelinye ukwanda. Kuba, eneneni, iimfuno zihlala zinjalo kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu zinomdla kakhulu kumaxesha ozinzo olukhulu kwiimarike ze-equity.
Kwelinye icala, awunakukukhuphela ngaphandle icandelo lebhanki nangona ngexabiso lokuthatha umngcipheko omkhulu ekusebenzeni. Ngokukodwa kule minyaka idlulileyo ngenxa yokuvezwa kwayo kakhulu ziingxaki zezoqoqosho, njengoko kwenzekile kuleyo iphuculweyo phakathi kuka-2007 no-2008. Ngokusebenza okungcono kunakuzo zonke ezinye ezikhuselekileyo ezenza izalathiso zemarike yesitokhwe emhlabeni wonke. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba bafumane imbuyekezo enomdla kakhulu kule minyaka idlulileyo, kuluhlu olususela kwi-2% ukuya kwi-10% kwezona meko zintle. Apho iinkampani ezihambisa ukutya nazo zidityanisiwe.
Ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa umthetho
Ngokuchanekileyo kweli qela lokugqibela, leenkampani ezihambisa ukutya, yiyo Usuku olona khuseleko lusebenza kakubi kwi-2018 kwaye ibikufutshane kakhulu kurhwebo nge-0,20 euro ngesabelo ngasinye. Ukushiya kulo msebenzi isalathiso esikhethiweyo sezabelo zaseSpain, i-Ibex 35 kwaye kuphela kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo yeza ukucaphula i-euro ezi-5 okanye ezi-6. Ukungqubana ngexabiso kula maxesha kanye. Eli xabiso limele ngaphandle kwimo yesiqhelo yaba bameli kwiimarike zezabelo.
Ngayiphi na imeko, ubuncinci iya kucaca ukususela ngoku ukuya kuthi ga kwixabiso elikhuselayo. Kuya kufuneka ubhenele kwelinye lazo ukuze ujongane nonyaka onzima njengo-2019. Apho kungathandabuzekiyo ukuba kuya kufuneka ukhethe ngakumbi ukwenza ipotifoliyo elungeleleneyo yotyalo-mali ukuzikhusela ngokuchasene nokuhla Iimarike zezemali Oko kukuthi, emva kwayo yonke loo nto, yintoni konke malunga nokonga imali ngendlela ekhuselekileyo. Enye yeminqweno yalo nyaka isandula ukuphuma.