Ugcino lwebhanki kunye nemisebenzi yalo
Xa uthetha ngayo uvimba webhanki welizweSithetha ngepesenti yeemveliso zayo ekufuneka zigcinwe zinqabile ukuze kufunyanwe ukubanjwa koluntu. Ngaphakathi kuqoqosho singakubonisa oku njengoko okwenziwa yibhanki enkulu ngemali; Xa ibhanki esembindini isebenzisa uvimba, iyakwenza oko ukuze inyuse okanye inciphise isixa semali esigcinwe kweli lizwe.
Umtya ophezulu
Xa une uhlobo lweeleyisi ezinomdla wokunyukaAmaziko elizwe aqala ukuba nezixhobo ezimbalwa zokwenza imali-mboleko okanye iikhredithi zalo naluphi na uhlobo; Oku kuthetha ukuba inani lokubhukisha kufuneka libe likhulu.
Ngale ndlela, I-Central Bank inokuqinisekisa ukuba iibhanki ezilawulwa yile nkqubo kwaye bayayithobela imigangatho ebonisiweyo kubo; baya kuhlala benemali eyaneleyo ukuze bakwazi ukuboleka xa kufuneka njalo.
Iyisebenzisela ntoni le nkqubo?
Yinkqubo ejongene nayo yonyusa imali ukuze ukwazi ukuyiboleka kamva kwaye isekwe kwintelekelelo yentengiso. Nje ukuba iqokelele imali, ibhanki kufuneka igcine isahlulo esincinci kwaye enye iyisebenzisele ukuhamba kwemali, loo nxalenye incinci igcinwe yibhanki.
Umzekelo woku kulandelayo
Ukuze uyiqonde ngcono, siza kunika umzekelo olula. Ibhanki ibamba umthengi ovula iakhawunti ngesigidi esinye se-euro. Kwezo zigidi zeerandi, ibhanki iya kusebenzisa inxenye ukuze ikwazi ukutyala imali; kodwa ngekhe usebenzise isigidi esipheleleyo ke eyona nto isempilweni iya kuba kukugcina i-150.000 yeerandi yogcino lwebhanki.
Iindidi zelace
Ngaphakathi kweleyisi, kukho ezahlukeneyo iintlobo zeeleyisi. Okukhona inyibilikisa imveliso yezemali, kokukhona inyusa imfuno ebekiweyo; kuba oko kuthetha ukuba nangaliphi na ixesha umntu angacela imali ebhankini kwaye kufuneka iphendule.
Le yenye yezona meko zixhaphakileyo xa ujonga iiakhawunti, kuba umntu kufuneka abe nayo loo mali nangaliphi na ixesha ukuze ayisebenzisele intlawulo yemihla ngemihla kwaye ibhanki kufuneka ayinike xa eyifuna.
Uninzi lweebhanki lukhetha ukungayisebenzisi imali ekujongeni iiakhawunti ukutyala imali kwaye abahlawuli nzala kwezi ndidi zeeakhawunti, kuba yimali abangakwaziyo ukusebenza ngayo kwaye awukwazi ukuyilahla.
Xa i-lace yebhentshi iphantsi kakhuluOku kungakhokelela kukungathembani kumntu ofaka imali yakhe apho, kuba maninzi amathuba okuba bangabinakho ukubuyisa imali yabo.
Kutheni le nto ibhanki ingenakho ukubuyisa imali yam?
Ayisiyonto iqhelekileyo le, ngakumbi kwiiakhawunti zangoku njengoko sigqabile kwinxalenye ephezulu. Nangona kunjalo, khawufane ucinge ukuba ibhanki inebhanki egciniweyo kwaye iqala ukutyala yonke imali yabathengi bayo. Abantu ababeke imali yabo apho, bafuna ukubuyisa imali yabo, nangona kunjalo ibhanki ayinakho ukubanika nokuba iyafuna, kuba loo mali isetyenziselwe ukwenza utyalomali kwaye ayifumaneki. Ukuba ibhanki ibinenqanaba eliphezulu lokugcina, oku ngekhe kwenzeke kuba bekuya kuba nemali eyaneleyo yokunika imali abantu abayifunayo ngelo xesha kwaye babuyisele okuseleyo kutyalo-mali.
Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko yomzuzwana Isiphithiphithi sezemali kwaye bonke abantu bafuna ukukhupha imali yabo ngaxeshanye, kungangena ekuweni kwebhanki apho ibhanki ibingazukufumana solvency eyimfuneko yokunika imali kubo bonke abantu abayifunayo kwaye ngeli xesha, ukuhlangulwa kwezoqoqosho kwebhanki esembindini okanye ukudityaniswa kwale bhanki inkulu kunokungena, nangona ukhetho lwesibini kubandakanya ixesha elide kwaye kwenzeka kuphela xa iibhanki zinemali.
Ngubani ophetheyo wokuseka imfuno yogcino
Ibhanki ephambili inoxanduva lokubonelela ngemfuneko yokugcina kwibhanki nganye. Ibhanki ephambili ithi inamandla okwenza oko kumaziko oluntu okanye nakuluphi na uhlobo lweshishini labucala.
Ithini ipesenti yedipozithi ekufuneka ibonelelwe yovimba esekwe yi-Central Bank
Umtya wentambo kwiziko likarhulumente awufani neziko labucala.
Kumaziko abucala, kufuneka kubekho indawo enye ebekelwe bucala eyi-2% xa iyonke
1. Iidiphozithi neediphozithi
2. Iziqinisekiso ezibhalisiweyo kwimarike yemasheya
Xa isiza amaziko ecandelo likarhulumente, into esekwe yindawo yokugcina enye ye-4% kulo naluphi na uhlobo lokuqokelela okanye lokufaka olwenziwe, ukongeza kukhuseleko olubhaliswe kwimarike yemasheya.
Ithini imiyalelo ekufuneka ilandelwe xa inkqubo yokuphelisa ibhatyi isenzeka
Xa amaziko akwinkqubo yokupheliswa kwempahla, awanalo naluphi na uhlobo lwesibophelelo xa kuziwa ekufezekiseni iimfuno zolondolozo, kuba akukho mfuneko yokuthobela olu hlobo.
Xa iakhawunti yemfuno egciniweyo kwiziko elikwibhanki enkulu, njengoko kufanele ukusekwa
Kumaziko abucala. Kuya kufuneka ube ne-100% kwi-euro kwaye onke amaziko abucala kuloo ndawo aneakhawunti kunye nebhanki ephambili.
Kuya kufuneka ube nokufikelela kwi-75 yeentlawulo zeemveliso zemali ezikhutshwe ngebhanki enkulu ngexesha elingaphantsi konyaka omnye
Kumaziko oluntu. Kuya kufuneka ube ubuncinci i-05% yemali ngaphandle kokumiselwa koovimba bokugcina imali.
Kwipesenti eseleyo kude kube kugqityiwe i-4% ukuba amaziko karhulumente agqityiwe, iya kuba yeyokugcina izatifikethi zotyalo-mali ezikhutshwe yibhanki enkulu ngentlawulo engaphantsi konyaka omnye.
Usebenza njani ngokugcina imali ebhankini ngokuxhomekeke kwimithetho yebhanki ephambili
Xa iqala ukunyuka kugcino, inani elikhulu lezinto ziqala ukuba neenkumbulo ezimbalwa ukuze zikwazi ukunika iikhredithi okanye iimali mboleko kubantu abayifunayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba la maziko kufuneka ashiye imali eyinkunzi enkulu ukuze akwazi ukuhlawula iindleko kunye nemali mboleko yakhe ngeli xesha. Xa oku kusenzeka, kukho imali encinci kakhulu yokuboleka abantu kunye nemali encinci ejikelezayo, ekhokelela ekunciphiseni kwemali.
Okwangoku apho ibhanki esembindini iyathobela ipesenti yemfuno yogcino, iibhanki ziphinde zalungelelanisa ezoqoqosho kwaye zabavumela ukuba baphinde babonelele ngemali mboleko kwiinkampani nakwiibhanki kwinqanaba likazwelonke. Oku kwenza ukuba abantu baqale ukuba nemali ephezulu kakhulu yokuboleka kwaye isixa semali esivelisiweyo siqala ukuhamba.
Kule grafu ungabona ngcono ukuba sithetha ntoni
Ngaphakathi kwiBhanki eNkulu, la manqaku alandelayo amiselwe ukuba onke amaziko makathobele
1- Kuya kufuneka kumiselwe ukuba yeyiphi esona silinganiso sisezantsi senzala siphakathi komthetho kwaye yeyiphi ireyithi yogcino ekufuneka isekwe.
I-2- Kufuneka ilawulwe ukuba zonke iibhanki kunye namaziko athobele uhlobo lweemfuno zolondolozo ezimiselweyo kwaye ukuba azenzi njalo, ibhanki ephambili inokubeka isohlwayo kwizigqeba ezingekho phantsi komthetho.
I-3- I-Central Bank ichonga ukuba yeyiphi na imfuneko yogcino ekufuneka ihlangatyeziwe kwaye iqinisekise ukuba wonke umntu uyayithobela.
I-4- I-Central Bank yiyo egqiba ukuba yeyiphi na imbophelelo ekufuneka igcinwe yibhanki nganye xa iseka imfuneko yogcino.
I-5- isungula ukubalwa kwesicelo selace kwaye ikwafundisa indlela.
6- Nika iiodolo kumanqaku ekufuneka ingxelo iqulethe xa kusenziwa iimfuno.
7- Imiba ejongene nemilinganiselo ngokubanzi ekufuneka ilungile kwinqanaba lezopolitiko.
Zithini iziphumo eziphambili kwimfuno yolondolozo ebekwe yiBhanki ePhakathi
1. Iidipozithi ezinikwa abathengi kwiibhanki nganye zilawulwa ngcono kwaye nokhuseleko oluphezulu.
2. Kukho isixa esikhulu sezemali.
3. Sesinye sezixhobo ezilungileyo zokulawula imali yelizwe.
4. Kuyenzeka ukuba lulawule ukuba loluphi ukwanda kweekhredithi kwinto nganye yobambiso.
5. Umahluko kumanqanaba angaqala ukusebenza
6. Inokuchaphazela oovimba besizwe ukuba ulawulo olululo alwenziwanga
7. Ingabeka ilizwe emngciphekweni ukuba iimfuno zolondolozo azilawulwa ngokuchanekileyo.
