Enye yeemveliso zebhanki eyaziwa kakhulu kubo bonke yile mboleko. Luhlobo lwenkxaso mali enxulumene nepropathi ebonakaliswa kukuhamba phambili kwesixa semali ekuza kuthi, emva kwexesha, sibuyiswe ngamanye amaxesha ngenzala.
Kodwa yintoni kanye kanye indlu mboleko? Zeziphi iimpawu ezinazo? Zininzi iintlobo? Kuyo yonke le mibuzo, kunye neminye emininzi, yile nto sithetha ngayo ngokulandelayo.
Yintoni ubambiso
NgokweBhanki yaseSpain, imali mboleko yile:
"Imali mboleko eqinisekiswe lixabiso lepropathi."
Ngokwenxalenye yayo, iRAE (iRoyal Spanish Academy) iyichaza njenge:
Ilungelo lokwenyani lokuba iirhafu ezibonakalayo, zibenza baphendule ngokuzaliseka kwesibophelelo semali.
Beka ngokulula, ubambiso ngu- Isivumelwano phakathi kombolekisi (esihlala siyibhanki) kunye nomsebenzisi apho umbolekisi anelungelo lokugcina i-asethi yerhafu eqinisekisa imali ekuboleka yona.
Umzekelo, cinga ukuba ufuna ukuthenga indlu kodwa awunayo imali eyoneleyo yokubhatalela yonke into. Emva koko uye kumbolekisi okanye kwibhanki evumayo ukukunika loo mali utshintshe isiqinisekiso (okanye semali mboleko) yendlu oza kuyithenga. Ngokubuyisa, kuya kufuneka uyibuyise imali ekuboleke yona kunye nenzala ngexesha elimiselweyo. Ukuba awenzi njalo, eso sivumelwano sixhobisa umbolekisi ukugcina ikhaya lakho.
Singatsho ukuba ubambiso lilungelo lesiqinisekiso, kuba liqinisekisa ukuba umntu onetyala uyakuhlawula kwaye, kungenjalo, umntu obolekayo uya kuba nomhlaba nomhlaba oqinisekisa imali ayihlawule kulowo unetyala.
Imali mboleko yasekhaya vs imali mboleko
La magama kuhlala kucingwa ukuba ayafana, Oko kukuthi, abhekisa kwinto enye. Kwaye okwangoku, inyani kukuba oku akunjalo. Kwelinye icala, ubambiso lilungelo lokhuseleko apho umntu onetyala kunye nomntu obolekayo. Kodwa kwelinye icala, imali mboleko yokubolekwa kwemali yimali ebhankini, okanye into ebhankini eboleka imali kumthengi ukuze abuyele ekhaya.
Ngamanye amagama, ngelixa imali mboleko yobambiso yeyonikwe yibhanki okanye into ebhankiniKwimeko yobambiso, umboleki akayibhanki, kodwa ngumntu. Lo mboleko mboleko kufuneka ubhaliswe kwiRejista yePropati kuba, ukuba ayenziwanga, ayizukubaluleka kwaye ukuhlawulwa kwezixa akufuneki.
Izinto ezenza imali mboleko
Xa uthetha ngobambiso lobambiso, kuya kufuneka uthathele ingqalelo izinto ezithile eziyinxalenye yalo mbono. Ngaba:
- Capital. Sisisixa semali esifunwa kulowo ubolekayo kwaye kufuneka sibuyiselwe ngezavenge okanye intlawulo ngamaxesha athile.
- Inzala. Yipesenti eyongezelelweyo ekufuneka ihlawulwe ukufumana isixa semali esifunekayo. Oku kunokuba ziindidi ezahlukeneyo.
- Ixesha. Ixesha ekufuneka uhlawule ngalo imali oyiboleke umntu onetyala kunye nenzala.
- Ubambiso. Yintlawulo yesiqinisekiso evumela umntu okanye ibhanki ebolekisa ngemali ukuba ibe nelungelo lepropathi yokuthengiswa kwezindlu kunye nomhlaba ukuba kukho into emiselweyo.
Iindidi zobambiso
Ubambiso lunokuba ziindidi ezahlukeneyo. Kwaye ikho Ulwahlulo olwahlukileyo olusinika isigama ezahlukeneyo. Ke, ezona zixhaphakileyo zezi:
Ngokwenqanaba lenzala:
- Imali ebolekisiweyo yexabiso. Lubonakalisiwe kuba inzala ekufuneka ihlawulwe ukongeza kwimali ekubolekisayo ayizukutshintsha ngalo lonke ixesha ekuvunyelwene ngalo ukuba libuyise isixa.
- Izinga lobambiso lwexabiso eliguqukayo. Ngokuchasene nezo zangaphambili, apha kukho umahluko kwinqanaba lenzala, elinokuba phezulu okanye lisezantsi.
- Ubambiso oluxubileyo. Zizo ezo ezidibanisa zombini ezi ntlobo zomdla, oko kukuthi, zilungisiwe kwaye ziyahluka. Ngale ndlela, icandelo elinye lomdla lilungisiwe ngelixa elinye icala liza kuba nokwahluka ngokwereferensi edla ngokuba yi-Euribor.
Ngokoluhlobo lwemirhumo:
- Umrhumo oqhelekileyo. Yeyona nto ibambekayo yokubolekwa kwemali kuba into ekufuneka uyihlawule inyanga nenyanga ihlala ihleli, ngaphandle kokutshintsha kwale ntlawulo yenyanga.
- Umrhumo wokulwa. Yintlawulo yanyanga le ethi, nangona igcina umrhumo osisigxina, loluphi utshintsho oluza kubakho kwikota. Umzekelo, ukuba inzala iyenyuka, ixesha liyonyuka; kwaye ngokuchaseneyo.
- Intlawulo yokugqibela. Kule meko, isavenge sokugqibela siphezulu kunesiqhelo kuba kukho ipesenti yetyala (elimalunga nama-30%) elihlala lihlawulwa ekugqibeleni.
- Inzala kuphela. Babonakalisiwe ngenxa yokuba imali mboleko ayiyiyo imali eyinkunzi, kodwa inzala ihlawulwe kuphela.
- Ukwanda kwesabelo. Ngokungafaniyo neyokuqala, kule meko umrhumo uyenyuka minyaka le. Ngale ndlela, uqala ukuhlawula kancinci emva koko uye phezulu.
Ngokomthengi:
- Ubambiso lolutsha. Kulabo abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-30-35 ubudala.
- Ubambiso lwabangengobemi. Ngabo bahlala kwindawo yesibini baphesheya. Ngamanye amagama, umthengi akahlali eSpain unyaka wonke.
- Yamaqela. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, ezivela kubasebenzi bakarhulumente, iinkampani ezinkulu ...
Ngohlobo lodidi lwepropathi:
- Ubolekiso lwemigangatho yeebhanki.
- Kwii-VPO zikarhulumente okanye zabucala. Sithetha ngezindlu ezikhuselweyo ngokusemthethweni.
- Kwimpahla yasezidolophini kunye neerustic.
- Yomhlaba.
- Ukuze ufumane ikhaya lokuqala.
- Ukuxhasa ngemali indawo yokuhlala yesibini.
Ngokwemvelo yayo:
- Ukubhaliswa kwemali mboleko yonjiniyela. Kuthetha ukuba imali mboleko yokubolekwa kwemali kwiziko lezemali ithathwa.
- Ukuhanjiswa kweqela elinetyala. Xa kukho ukuphucuka kwimeko yobambiso.
- Ukumanyana kwakhona. Xa amatyala eqokelelwe kwinto enye ukuze abe nakho ukuwahlawula ngeenzuzo ezinkulu.
- Ukubuyela umva kubambiso. Inye ijolise kubantu abadala ngendlela yokuba babambise ngendlu endaweni yokufumana umvuzo wenyanga.
- Imali kunye nemali-mboleko yemali eninzi. Ayikhuthazwa into yokuba, ekuhambeni kwexesha, imali engakumbi nangaphezulu iyatyala.
Iimfuneko zokucela imali mboleko
Kuxhomekeka kwinkampani okanye ebhankini, Iimfuno zobambiso zemboleko ziza kutshintsha, kuba nganye ifuna ukuzalisekisa izinto ezininzi. Kodwa, ngokubanzi, oko baya kukucela kuya kuba:
- Unayo imali oyigcinileyo ubuncinci i-30% yendlu.
- Unomvuzo ukuze ukwazi ukuhlawula iifizi.
- Yiba nomsebenzi ozinzileyo.
- Ukungabinamatyala amabi, imali mboleko kunye nembali yobambiso.
- Ukubonelela ngenkxaso (oku akunakukhethwa, abanye bayazicela kwaye abanye abazenzi).
Ukuba uhlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno, unokuyicela. Ukwenza oku, kungcono ukuya ebhankini okanye kwiinkampani ezinikele ekuboneleleni nge mboleko kubathengi abazifunayo.
Ngaba icacile kuwe ngoku into ekubanjiswa ngayo?