Enye yeempazamo ezinokuthi zenziwe ngabasebenzisi abathile malunga nokuthatha umhlala-phantsi kukuba kwimeko embi, baya kuqokelela ubuncinci benani lomhlala-phantsi, ukuba banegalelo ubuncinci iminyaka eli-15. Kodwa ke ayibikho ngale ndlela, ukuba ngelixesha lokufaka igalelo kunye nesiseko esona sisezantsi, umhlala-phantsi uyakufunyanwa kuwo phakathi kwama-350 nama-450 eeyuro ngenyanga malunga. Le nto ingalahlekisa indawo elungileyo yabantu abadla umhlala-phantsi abangaziyo ukuba iyakuba yintoni imali ngeli nqanaba libalulekileyo lobomi babo.
Ewe, kule meko ekhethekileyo abayi kuba nangxaki ekuqokeleleni ubuncinci benxaxheba yomhlala-phantsi eqikelelwa kwityala ngalinye. Ikhula nge fihla Kunganzima kakhulu ukubala, kodwa kuyakwenza ucace malunga nenqanaba lepenshini yakho. Le yinto ebizwa ngokuba yipenshini eyongezelelweyo kwaye iyakuba sisixa esiza kongezwa kwipenshini yakho de kufikelelwe kwelona xabiso lisezantsi. Ngale ndlela, iyakuhambelana nentlawulo yabadla umhlala-phantsi eseleyo.
Ngayiphi na imeko, akusayi kubakho khetho ngaphandle kokuhlangabezana nothotho lweemfuno zokuxhamla koku. Ukusukela ukuba akunjalo, awuyi kuba nelungelo lokufumana umhlala-phantsi omncinci onegalelo. Ngenxa yezi meko, uya kushiyelwa ipenshoni yenyanga engama-350, 400 okanye ama-450 eeuros. Le yimeko eqhelekileyo kubantu ababenegalelo elincinci kakhulu, elijikeleze i-15, kunye ne imivuzo ephantsi. Ewe, iya kuba yimeko efanayo naleyo ukuba ubuncinci ufumana ipenshini enganikeli mali. Apho umvuzo wenyanga usondele kakhulu kwi-400 euro.
Ipenshini eyongezelelweyo: iimfuno
Ipenshoni enegalelo imali yayo ingaphantsi kobuncinci bepenshini esekwe ngumthetho inokuncediswa. Kodwa ngenxa yoku kuyakubakho isidingo sothotho lweemfuno ukuze ugunyaziswe ngokunyanzelekileyo, ukuze ube nakho fikelela kwesi sixa sincinci. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, azikho nzima kakhulu ukuyithobela kwaye icandelo elilungileyo labamangali liya kuba kwimeko yokuyithobela. Zizo esizityhila apha ngezantsi kweli nqaku:
Kuya kunyanzeleka Ndenze igalelo ubuncinci iminyaka eli-15 kubomi bakho bomsebenzi. Abantu abangaphantsi kweli nqanaba abayi kuba nako ukuxhamla kwesi sicwangciso xa bethatha umhlalaphantsi.
Ezona zongezo zincinci aziyi kuhambelana nokufunyanwa ngumntu odla umhlala-phantsi emsebenzini, kwimali eyinkunzi okanye kwimisebenzi yezoqoqosho nakwinzuzo eyinkunzi. Oko kukuthi, xa kusithiwa umvuzo awudluli I-7.116,18 euros ngonyaka. Ukuba uyawagqitha la manqanaba, awuyi kubanalo ilungelo lokufumana isongezelelo kumhlala-phantsi.
Ukwamkelwa kuzo zonke iimeko yokuhlala kummandla waseSpain, nangona kunganyanzelekanga ukuba ubuzwe baseSpain. Ukuba akunjalo, ngokuchaseneyo, imfuno esisiseko kukuba kucatshulwe kwilizwe lethu kwithuba elifunwa yimimiselo.
Ngayiphi na imeko, ayilibale ukuba le plug-in yolungiso ayinakubizwa ukuba awuhlali eSpain. Ilungelo lokunyusa ubuncinci liya kulahleka ukuba umzuzi umisela indawo yakhe yokuhlala ngaphandle kommandla waseSpain, nokuba ukwilizwe le-European Union (EU).
Ngaba oku kokongeza ebomini?
Enye yezinto ezithandabuzekayo ezinokuthi zithathe umhlala-phantsi kwixa elizayo kukuba ingaba le mali iyongezwa na kwipenshini iya kuhlala ixesha elide. Ngokomgaqo ewe, kodwa nge-caveat esiza kukucacisela yona ngokulula ukuze uziqonde ngcono. Nje ukuba umvuzo ongaphantsi onokuwugqitha ugqitywe, oku kunyuka kwepenshini yokurhola kuya kurhoxiswa ngokuzenzekelayo. Inokuba kungasiphi na isizathu, ukusuka kwingqokelela yelifa, ukuhanjiswa kwezahlulo okanye izibonelelo eziveliswe yingxowa mali. Ziya kuba ngaphezulu kwezizathu ezaneleyo zokungasebenzisi le nto yokulungisa ipenshoni yakho.
Kwelinye icala, kuya kufuneka uthathele ingqalelo ukusukela ngoku ukuba lo mncedisi uza kubonakala kwimida yengeniso ehambelanayo. Oko kukuthi, akunakuhlala kufana kwaye kwesi sizathu ngqo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba unguye icetyiswe ngokufanelekileyo ngumphathi nengcali kwimiba yepenshini. Baza kukuxelela ngamaxesha onke into ekufuneka uyenzile kwaye yeyiphi eyona meko uza kuhlala kuyo xa ushiya umsebenzi. Ngaphandle kwezinye izinto zobuchwephesha eziqheleke ngakumbi kwinkqubo yomhlala-phantsi yoluntu.
Ibalwa njani?
ukuba misela Ukuba le corrector ikhethekileyo izakusetyenziswa njani kuwe, kufuneka ugcine engqondweni ukuba yeyiphi eyona pension uyakuba nayo emva kweminyaka yemirhumo kunye nengeniso eyenziwe kwiakhawunti yakho. Kwimeko yokungafikeleli kumvuzo omncinci ongezelelweyo, kuyakufuneka ujonge ukuba yeyiphi na into ehambelana ngokuchanekileyo nawe. Ngokwesiqhelo ifikelela kwisixa esikhupha phakathi kwe-200 kunye ne-300 ye-euro kwinto nganye 14 uhlawule ukuba baya kukuhlawula nge-akhawunti. Konke oku kuthotho lwezibalo ezintsonkothileyo.
Iziphumo zalo msebenzi kukuba bonke abasebenzi abenze igalelo kangangeminyaka eli-15 ubuncinci banokuqokelela ipenshoni encinci. Nangona kule meko, hayi ngqo ukuba akunjalo, ngokuchaseneyo, kufezekiswa ngesongezelelo esivumelekile kwezi meko ziqhelekileyo phakathi kwabadla umhlala-phantsi baseSpain. Kuya kufuneka uthathe iphepha, ipensile kunye nekhaltyuleyitha kwaye wenze inombolo malunga nokuba imeko yakho yobuqu ibinjani ngalo mzuzu. Iya kuba yinkqubo eya kuthi nakanjani na ihlale ngaphezulu kwemizuzu embalwa.
Ngokusekwe kumhlala-phantsi omncinci
Kuya kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba isiseko sokwenza izibalo sesona sibonelelo sincinci sempesheni esonyukayo esiya sikhula rhoqo ngonyaka. Oko kukuthi, ayiqhelekanga ngokufanayo kuwo onke amaxesha. Ngale ndlela, kuya kufuneka uyazi ukusuka kula maxesha apho isixa simiselwe khona ukuze ucwangcise ngcono iminyaka yegolide yobomi bakho. Ewe, umda zii-euro ezingama-7.347,99 ngonyaka. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba ayigqithi kumda obekiweyo, isixa sesongezelelo siyakuchaphazeleka, kuba sithathwa nangaluphi na ukonyuka komvuzo womxhamli.
Umhlala phantsi womnini kunye Iminyaka engama-65 okanye nangaphezulu: kweli candelo kwaye ngokubhekisele kwimodeli kunye neqabane elithembekileyo, iya kuba yi-810,60 euro. Ngaphandle kweqabane, i-euro ezingama-656,90, ngelixa kwelinye icala, kwicandelo elinomlingane ongxhomekekanga kuye, iyonke iyure ezingama-623,40 ngeyure iya kuhambelana.
Ipenshoni yomhlala phantsi yomnini phantsi kwama-65. Kule meko inye inokuvela phakathi kwabo bathabathe umhlala-phantsi, iimali ezo azifani kakhulu, nangona kukho umahluko ekufuneka uyazi. Kungenxa yokuba ukuba uneqabane elixhomekeke kuwe, isixa siya kunyuka siye kwi-euro ezingama-759,90 ngenyanga. Ngaphandle kweqabane, zii-euro ezingama-614,50 kwaye okokugqibela inani elinomlingane ongathembekanga lelona lisezantsi kunabo bonke, lifumana ipenshoni ye-580,90 i-euro ngenyanga.
Enye yeemeko eziqhelekileyo zibizwa ngokuba Ipenshoni yomhlolokazi kwaye ichaphazela indawo elungileyo yoluntu lwaseSpain ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala. Ngokukodwa, ngokuxhomekeka kosapho yi-759,90 euro. Ngeminyaka engama-65 kunye nokukhubazeka okungaphezulu kwama-65%, oko kukuthi inani elipheleleyo lama-euro angama-656,90. Phakathi kweminyaka engama-60 nama-64, ii-euro ezingama-614,50. Ngaphantsi kweminyaka engama-60, i-euro ezingama-497,60.
Bavuka kwakhona nge-CPI
Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, into entsha ethe yenzeka kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo kwaye echaphazela bonke abantu abadla umhlala-phantsi kukuba umvuzo wabo uza kunyuka ngokwamanqanaba Isalathiso sexabiso labathengi (CPI). Ngokomgaqo, ezi ziindaba ezilungileyo zeli candelo libalulekileyo lentlalontle kuba uya kuthi ngokuqinisekileyo ubenazo i-euro ezimbalwa kumvuzo wakho okanye usapho. Sisivumelwano ukuba i-PP, i-PSOE, i-Unidos Podemos, i-Ciudadanos, i-PDeCAT, i-PNV kunye ne-Compromís ziye zafikelelwa. Oko kukuthi, onke amaqela amelweyo, ngaphandle kwe-Esquerra Republicana.
Ngayiphi na imeko, umlinganiso awuzukukhawuleza kwaye ngokuchaseneyo, kuya kuthatha iinyanga ezimbalwa ukuba uwuphawule epokothweni. Isindululo siyakuba yinxalenye yeseti yamanyathelo esiya kuthi siwenze Ukuqinisekisa uzinzo kunye nokwanela kwale nkqubo, ekufuneka ixoxwe kwaye ivotelwe kamva kwiCongress of Deputies. Ukuze bakugqityiwe ukuvunywa yiNdlu esezantsi (iSenethi), isigqeba sikazwelonke silandela ezo zikhokelo.
Ngayiphi na imeko, eli nyathelo lithetha ukuba inkqubo yohlaziyo elawule inkqubo kule minyaka idlulileyo ayisayi kusebenza, ekhokelele ekunyukeni okuncinci kwaye yinto egxekwa yinxalenye enkulu yabantu abathathe umhlala-phantsi eSpain. Ngamanye amaxesha, ngokonyuka okuneentloni kwee-euro ezimbalwa ngenyanga kwipenshoni. Akumangalisi ke ukuba kunyaka ophelileyo ukunyuka kwaba ngama-0,25%. Isixa esiphantse singahoywa kwabo badla umhlala-phantsi kunye nemivuzo ephantsi, phakathi kwe-650 ne-800 ye-euro ngenyanga.
Ewe, le mida kwimirhumo yepenshoni ngoku iya kubonakala ukuba iya kudlulwa. Kuwo onke amacandelo, ukusuka kwelona lisezantsi ukuya kwelona liphezulu, ngaphandle kwalo naluphi na uhlobo lokhetho. Ukuze amandla okuthenga abo bonke abadla umhlala-phantsi anyuswe kakhulu.