I-inshurensi yotyalo-mali yimveliso yezemali ethi, nangona ibizwa ngokuba yi-inshurensi, iyafana ngakumbi neemodeli zebhanki ukwenza ukonga kunenzuzo. Ubume bayo phantse bufana, kodwa ngomahluko okhoyo ivelisa inzuzo okwangoku enesisa ngakumbi kunaleyo ifunyenwe kwiidipozithi zexesha lebhanki. Kuba imalunga herramientas eziyilelwe ukukhusela imali yakho kunye nokubonelela ngokusebenza kule minyaka idlulileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kungcono ukutyala ixesha elide ukufumana imbuyekezo ephezulu.
Zenziwe njengemodeli yokonga enokuthi ithathe indawo yayo ukusukela ngoku kwimveliso yemali yemveli esekwe kwingeniso esisigxina. Umzekelo, iidipozithi zexesha elimiselweyo, amanqaku ezithembiso zebhanki kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, nakwiakhawunti ezinengeniso ephezulu. Ngayiphi na imeko, ukubaqesha akufuneki uye kwiibhanki, kodwa ngokuchaseneyo ziyathengiswa nkampani. Lo ngumahluko omkhulu kwezinye iimodeli zotyalo-mali.
Kwelinye icala, i-inshurensi yotyalo-mali yimveliso ethi kuzo zonke iimeko ibonelele nge- inzuzo ezinzileyo kwaye iqinisekisiwe minyaka le. Ayiphezulu kakhulu, kodwa iyakuvumela ukuba ngokuthe ngcembe wenze ingxowa yokonga kule minyaka idlulileyo. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-inshurensi yotyalo-mali kodwa ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-inshurensi yokonga kuba isiseko sayo kukuphucula le nto ibalulekileyo kuqoqosho lwasekhaya ngaphezulu kwezinye izinto zobuchwephesha. Ayisiyofomathi ehambelanayo kodwa unokukhetha phakathi kwezinye iindlela ezizenzekileyo zeinshurensi zaseSpain.
I-inshurensi yotyalo-mali: injani?
Utyalo-mali okanye i-inshurensi yokonga yimigaqo-nkqubo apho imbuyekezo enxulumene nenkunzi eyakufakwa ngexesha elimiselweyo ngaphambili liqinisekisiwe. Le mali inkulu yokuqala kunye neenzuzo ezifunyenweyo zinokuphinda zifumaneke kwangoko kanye ngeli xesha liphela. Apho zibonakaliswa khona kuba zivumela ithuba lokuba ukwazi ukwenza igalelo elitsha Kwikomkhulu lokuqala kude kube sekupheleni kwexesha elimiselweyo. Kuxhomekeke kulondolozo onalo kwiakhawunti yakho yokujonga kunye nenqanaba lokwamkelwa onalo kule mveliso yemali.
Enye into ekufuneka uyiqwalasele ukusukela ngoku yile ibhekisa kwi irhafu. Ngale ndlela, ziluncedo ngakumbi kunezinye ukuba zijolise kwixesha eliphakathi nelide. Kwelinye icala, banobhetyebhetye ngakumbi, kuba unokuyila isicwangciso sokugcina okanye sokutyala nakweliphi na inqanaba lobomi bakho okanye losapho. Ngamanye amagama, inokubonwa njengenxalenye yokonga umntwana, umhlala phantsi okanye ukufezekisa iinjongo ezithile. Njengaye, umzekelo, ukuhamba ngemoto okanye ukucwangcisa iholide elandelayo yehlobo.
Inzuzo ebonelelayo
Ngayiphi na imeko, eyona nto inomdla kubasebenzisi okwangoku ngumvuzo abanokuwufumana ukusukela ngoku. Ayichazwanga ngendlela yobumbano, kodwa ngokuchaseneyo kuya kuxhomekeka kwimodeli ekhethiweyo kwaye ngakumbi kwi-inshurensi ephetheyo yentengiso kubathengi bayo. Nokuba kunjalo, imbuyekezo iyonke inokusekwa kwi-inshurensi yotyalo-mali ukusuka kwi-2% ukuya kwi-5% malunga. Nokuba kwenzeka ntoni kwiimarike zezemali kuba uya kuwazi umdla wakho ngaxeshanye ubhalise ezi mveliso zilungiselelwe utyalo-mali.
Kukho umahluko ochuliweyo ngokubhekisele kwiidipozithi zebhanki zekota kwaye oko kukuthi kwezi mveliso inzala inakho uqokelele unyaka nonyaka. Ngaphandle kokulinda umhla wokuphelelwa lixesha ukuba ufike kwaye unokudala enye ingxaki yokuhlawula amatyala kwiakhawunti yakho yokujonga. Le yenye yeenzuzo ezinkulu ezibonelelwa lolu hlobo lwe-atypical kwaye kwangaxeshanye i-inshurensi ekhethekileyo. Ngayiphi na imeko, ngenzuzo ethile ethe kratya kuneemveliso zebhanki kwaye ibenze babanomtsalane kwinani elifanelekileyo labasebenzisi. Kungenxa yokuba ukongeza bahlala beqinisekisa igalelo lemali elenziwe ngelo xesha.
Izibonelelo ekuqeshweni kwakho
Ewe enye yeenzuzo zale inshurensi kukuba, ukuba ugcina imali yakho oyigcinileyo Ngexesha elincinci elisekwe ngokusemthethweni (iminyaka emi-5 ukusuka kwigalelo lokuqala), iingxelo ozifumeneyo zikhona ukhululwe kwirhafu. Lo ngumcimbi onomdla kakhulu ukuba ufuna ukugcina ukonga irhafu enkulu kule minyaka imbalwa izayo, ngaphandle kwengeniso eveliswa zezi mveliso zemali. Kanye njengoko ikuvumela ukuba ukhethe i-inshurensi yobomi exubeneyo ngenjongo yokonga njengecebo lokwenza iiasethi zakho zobuqu zibe nenzuzo ukusukela ngoku.
Kwelinye icala, awungekhe ulibale ukuba imali eyinkunzi eqinisekisiweyo iya kuba, ubuncinci, iipesenti ezingama-85 zepremiyamu zibe negalelo. Apho iyakuba khona ukusuka kunyaka wesihlanu wotyalo-mali apho ukwazi ukuya khona buyisa utyalo mali lulonkeOko kukuthi, i-100% yayo. Kwimeko enye kuphela kwaye oko kukuthobela imigaqo yesivumelwano, ekulula kakhulu ukuyigqiba. Ngokuzikhawulela kwiminyaka yakho yokuqesha uphakathi kwe-18 nama-65 yeminyaka ubudala. Ngaphandle kwalo naliphi na ixesha kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kwemveliso kunye neemarike zezabelo.
Ukuhlangulwa kwi-inshurensi yokonga
Yimveliso onokuyenza kuyo ukuhlangulwa ngokuthe ngqo kunye nenxalenye xa ufuna ukungabinamali kwiakhawunti yakho yokonga. Kodwa ungawenza njani lo msebenzi? Ewe, siza kukucacisela ngendlela elula ukuze uyiqonde ukusukela ngoku. Isekwe kwinkqubo apho ungarhola khona imali ekuhlaleni kokuqala. Ngokubanzi ngemida ephezulu ye-15% kwiminyaka emi-2 okanye emi-3 ezayo kwaye yehle ukuya kwi-1%. Yimodeli eguqukayo kolu luhlobo onokwanelisa umnqweno wakho wokulindela iimeko ezinzima xa uza kufuna imali.
Kwelinye icala, kukho inyani yokuba ukubuyiselwa kwemali, ukuhlawulelwa okanye ukubuya kwangoko Inxalenye okanye yonke inqununu etyalwe imali ixhomekeke kwiikhomishini okanye izohlwayo. Nangona kuyinyani ukuba yimodeli yotyalo-mali eyenzelwe ixesha elide lokusisigxina. Ayothusi into yokuba ithathwa njengesixhobo sokwenza ibhegi yokonga ezinzileyo kwixesha elide. Akunakuze kube lixesha elifutshane kakhulu njengoko kwelinye icala kunokwenzeka kwiidipozithi zebhanki zekota. Lo ngomnye umahluko oza kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukusukela ngoku.
IiKomishini zala ma-inshurensi
Akubalulekanga kangako ukwazi ukuba ezi mveliso zezezimali zibonakaliswa ngokusisiseko kuba inkunzi eqinisekisiweyo ikwimeko yokuvuthwa kuphela kwaye ukuhlanganiswa okanye ukusetyenziswa kwelungelo lentlawulelo kuthetha isohlwayo esinokubangela ilahleko. Ngaphandle kwesi siganeko, ukonga okanye i-inshurensi yotyalo-mali ayinazo iikhomishini okanye enye inkcitho kulawulo okanye kulondolozo lwayo. Ngale ndlela, uya kuba ugcina imali eninzi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iimodeli zezemali apho amaxabiso ukuya kuthi ga kwi-3% acingelwayo xa usenza imisebenzi kwaye oko kunganciphisa izibonelelo onokuthi uzifumane ukusukela ngoku.
Ukusuka kule meko ngokubanzi, i-inshurensi yotyalo-mali inokuba njalo olona luncedo kakhulu ukukhusela iminqweno yakho, nokuba ayaziwa phakathi kwabasebenzisi baseSpain. Akumangalisi ukuba ukugaywa kwabo kungoku nje kwenziwa ngabatyali mali kwiimveliso zebhanki zakudala ezijolise ekongeni nasekutyalomali. Iya kuba ngumcimbi wokuhlalutya zombini iimodeli ukumisela ukuba yeyiphi na ekufuneka uyiqeshile ngeli xesha, kuxhomekeke kwiprofayile oyivelisayo.
Ngomdla owandayo wonyaka
Into entsha enikwa yi-inshurensi yotyalo-mali kukuba kwezinye iimodeli inzuzo inokunyuka. Oku kuyenziwa kuthetha ukuba bayahamba ukwanda unyaka nonyaka. Baqala kumdla wobuchwephesha oqinisekisiweyo ngaphezulu nje kwe-1% ngonyaka, nto leyo oya kuyifumana ngexesha lokuqala. Ukusukela ngalo mzuzu ukuya phambili, ngokuthe ngcembe ukuyinyusa, nangona kungakhange kubekho kuphambuka kuloluphi na uhlobo. Ukuze ekugqibeleni ufumane imbuyekezo enokusondela kakhulu kwi-3%, 4% okanye kwi-5%. Njengokuba kusenzeka okwangoku kunye needipozithi ezithile zexesha eligcina ezi meko zorhwebo.
Okokugqibela, kufanele ukuba kukhankanywe ukuba ezi mveliso zezezimali zenziwe njenge enye indlela yokwenene kwiimodeli zebhanki. Ngomzabalazo omkhulu wokubamba ulondolozo lwabathengi kwaye oko kukhokelela ekubeni izinto zabo zikhuphe ukuphuhlisa izibonelelo ezinobundlongondlongo kunye nokwenyusa kwasekuqaleni. Apho ekugqibeleni unokuxhamla kwezona meko zilungileyo ekuqeshweni kwakho. Ngaphandle kwezinye izinto zobuchwephesha ezichonga ubume obukhethekileyo bemveliso yezemali.
Iya kuthi, nakweyiphi na imeko, ibe lolunye ukhetho ekufuneka ulwenzile ukonga ngendlela ekhuselekileyo kunye nembuyekezo encinci kwiminikelo yakho yezemali. Ngexesha apho ixabiso lemali likumanqanaba asezantsi kwimbali, kwi-0%. inqanaba eliya kudlula kwimbali.