Yintoni etf

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, into eye yathandwa kakhulu lutyalo-mali, kuba ngenxa yolindelo lwezoqoqosho lwabantu abaninzi, ukuzama ukufumana ingeniso ngeendlela ezingezizo zokufumana umsebenzi ongaphezulu sisihloko esidumileyo. Kodwa ndizama ukungena kuyo Utyalomali lwehlabathi Singaqonda ukuba kukho iindlela ezininzi, ukutyala imali yethu kwingxowa-mali yolondolozo esinika inzala yonyaka, kutyalo-mali kwizixhobo ezinobungozi ezinje ngeziphumo okanye izitokhwe. Kodwa phakathi kwoluhlu lonke kukho ezinye ezinokuba zingaqhelekanga kwabo baqala nje kweli hlabathi, kule meko siza kube sithetha ngayo Ii-ETFs, sisixhobo esinomdla kakhulu esinamathuba amaninzi.

Yintoni i-ETF?

Ngaphambi kokuya kwinkcazo yokuba yi ETF kunye nendlela eziphatha ngayo kubalulekile ukuba icace malunga namagama amabini. Ekuqaleni ziimali zotyalo maliAba ngabalamli abakhoyo phakathi komtyali mali kunye nemarike apho ufuna ukutyala imali kuyo. Ikota yesibini kufuneka siyiqonde ukuba isalathiso sesitokhwe, Ukuququzelela ukuqonda kokugqibela, siza kuthi ngumndilili wazo zonke ixabiso ezenza intengiso ethile; Kunokuthiwa yindlela apho ulwazi lwazo zonke izinto zentengiso lujolise kwidatha enye.
Ngoku ukuba sinokuqala ukuqonda ukuba yintoni i-ETF. Ukuthetha ngokungqongqo a - I-ETF yiNgxowa-mali yoThengiso, kwaye zichazwa njengengxowa mali yesalathiso, kodwa yintoni le? Iimali zesalathiso zichazwa njengeemali zotyalo-mali ezinengeniso eyahlukileyo, yiyo loo nto zizama ukuphindaphinda indlela yokuziphatha kwesalathiso sesitokhwe. Ukuqonda ngcono, makhe sazi kancinci ngembali yayo.

El ukuqala kwee-ETFs Ibuyela umva xa kwafunyaniswa ukuba icandelo elikhulu leemali zotyalo-mali ezihlelwe ngokwee-equities zazingenakho ukubanako ukulingana nenzuzo isalathiso esisebenza njengesalathiso esinayo. Ukwenza lula le ngcaciso ngomzekelo, siza kuthi oku kulandelayo: xa umtyali-mali esenza isigqibo sokutyala imali kwimarike yaseSpain, inzuzo azakuyifumana iya kuba mbalwa kunaleyo IBEX 35.

Ngoku, xa eli nqaku liqondwa, i isigqibo sokwakha ingxowa-mali yesalathiso, ekulula ukukhohlisa umtyali mali okanye umphathi. Isiseko soku kukuba umphathi uya kuthenga izabelo ezifanayo ezenza isalathiso, kwaye bazithenga ngokwenani elifanayo. Ngale ndlela, ayisiyiyo kuphela isenzo sokutyala imali esiququzelwayo, kuba ulwazi olunzulu lwentengiso yesitokhwe alufuneki, kunye nohlalutyo lweenkampani. Kodwa ukongeza ekuququzeleleni inkqubo, kukho inqaku elinomdla ngakumbi, inyani yokuba inzuzo ebonelelwa sisalathiso sele ingafezekiswa.

Ke ukuba siyazama shwankathela ukuba yintoni i-ETF, singathi yi i-hybrid phakathi kwesalathiso kunye nengxowa-mali efanayo. Le hybridi isebenza izinto ezimbini eziphambili, okokuqala, isebenza ukulungiselela inkqubo yotyalo-mali, okwesibini, ivumela umtyali-mali ukuba afezekise inzuzo ebonelelwa sisalathiso, esenza, ukuba kukho iingeniso, zinkulu kunokugcina nje imali kwingxowa-mali. Kodwa ngaba zikhona ezinye iingenelo? Impendulo nguewe, makhe sijonge ukuba ziyintoni na.

Izibonelelo ze-ETFs

Omnye wakhe Olona loncedo lubalaseleyo kukuba iikhomishini zolawulo ziphantsi kakhulu kunokuba iikhomishini zengxowa mali zinokuba, ngale ndlela kungekuphela nje ukuba inzuzo inyuswe ngokulingana nenzuzo yesalathiso, kodwa kwakhona, iindleko zotyalo-mali ziyancitshiswa; ngokungathandabuzekiyo inzuzo enkulu kumtyalomali. Kodwa ayisiyiyo yodwa inzuzo yokuqaqambisa, masibone ukuba yeyiphi enye i-ETFs esisinika yona.

Xa sihlalutya i-ETF saqonda ukuba, ngenxa yolwakhiwo lwayo, le ngxowa-mali ilandela kanye ukwenziwa kwesalathiso; kwaye kungenxa yoku ukuba umngcipheko wokuba umphathi enze impazamo ngelixa esenza isigqibo ngokubhekisele kutyalo-mali kuncitshiswe kakhulu; leyo, ukuba ibinokwenzeka, inokubeka inzuzo ebonelelwa yingxowa-mali emngciphekweni. Nangona kunjalo, Ii-ETF zikwanazo ezinye ezantsi ekufuneka siyithathele ingqalelo xa sisenza isigqibo sokuba siza kuyityala phi imali yethu.

Iingxaki ze-ETFs

Phambi kokuba uqhubeke, kubalulekile ukukhankanya inkcukacha ezinokutsala umdla wabatyali mali abaninzi, kwaye, nangona ezi khomishini zingaphantsi kunezozinye iimali zotyalo mali, zisezikhomishini eziphezulu kakhulu kunalezo Umtyalomali angabhatala ukuze afumane ipotifoliyo yotyalo-mali. Kodwa ukubhekisa phambili kweli nqanaba kufuneka sicacise ukuba eli nqanaba lisebenza kwixesha elide. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye kubalulekile ukuba siqwalasele utyalo-mali lwethu lwexesha elide kuba nangona ikhomishini yonyaka ye-ETF ibonakala ngathi yeyonyaka, yingongoma eya kuthi ichaze ngokucacileyo inzuzo yotyalo-mali lwethu lwexesha elide.

Elinye inqaku lokuthathelwa ingqalelo kukuba Ukusebenza kwale mali yesalathiso inokucitshiswa ngokuqatha yinto eyaziwa ngokuba ngumyinge onyanzelekileyo wokuhlawula amatyala, ekufuneka agcinwe. Ukongeza ekuqwalaseleni ukuba kukho iikhomishini ezinokuthiwa zifihliwe, ezifanayo nezo ziboniswe kwezinye iimali zotyalo-mali ezikhoyo.

Nje ukuba amanqaku angaphambili acacisiwe, kubalulekile ukuba siyithathele ingqalelo loo nto, nangona Ingcamango ye-ETF Zidalelwe ukuba zilingane nenzuzo yesalathiso, enyanisweni akunakwenzeka ukuba oku kwenzeke, njengoko ezi zinto zingekhoyo, inzuzo yethu ayilingani naleyo ityalwa kutyalomali ngqo kwisalathiso. Kungenxa yoko le nto gcinani engqondweni oko bekutshiwo kumhlathi odlulileyo, hlalutya utyalomali lwethu kwixesha elide, ukuze ube nembono ecace gca nangakumbi malunga nendlela oluza kuziphatha ngayo utyalomali lwethu, kwaye ukuba inzuzo iyonke oyibonisayo inqwenelekayo.

Yintoni engalunganga kwingxowa-mali elula, yengxowa-mali yesalathiso?

Umahluko ophambili uyaqatshelwa xa kuthelekiswa inzuzo esiyifumana kwi Isalathiso sesitokhwe; Ukuze siphucule izakhono zabafundi bethu siza kunika iingcebiso ezisisiseko ukuze sikwazi ukuthatha izigqibo ezilungileyo. Ukuthelekisa inzuzo kubalulekile, kungenxa yokuba xa siyenza sinokubona ukuba ii-indices zentengiso yemasheya azibonisi ukuba iinkampani kufuneka zihlawule izabelo; Nje ukuba siyiqonde le ngongoma, kubalulekile ukugxininisa ukuba sigqibe kwelokuba inzuzo yeemali ngokwazo iphantsi kakhulu kunokuba inokubonakala xa ithelekiswa nenzuzo yotyalo-mali olwenziwe ngokuthe ngqo kwimarike yemasheya.

Ukuziphatha kwe-ETF

I-ETF inexabiso lethiyori; Yi le kubalwa ngokusekwe kwimiba njengexabiso lesalathiso, iikhomishini ekufuneka zigutyungelwe, izabelo ezikhoyo, phakathi kwabanye. Nangona kunjalo, eli xabiso lethiyori alihlukanga ngokungafaniyo nexabiso langempela, kodwa linomahluko kwindlela elibalwa ngayo; Lo mahluko uphambili ulele kwinto yokuba ixabiso lokwenyani lisekwe ngendlela ethe ngqo kunikezelo nakwimfuno ekhoyo; ingongoma ebaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka igcinwe engqondweni.

Ngoku, malunga nokuhlawulwa kwemali kwi-ETF, sithetha ngento eqinisekisiweyo ngamaziko azinikeleyo ekunikezeleni umahluko okhoyo thenga uthengise.

Ukuze sigqibe ngempumelelo ngeli nqaku siza kubeka umzekelo wendlela a Umphathi we-ETF kwimeko eyiyo. Kwimeko apho ixabiso le-ETF lonyuswe ngaphezulu kwexabiso lethiyori ye-ETF esele ichaziwe, umphathi kufuneka athenge izabelo kwimarike, ukuze kamva akwazi ukwenza izahlulelo ze-ETF; Inyathelo elilandelayo iya kuba kukuzithengisa ngalo mzuzu xa amaxabiso okwenyani kunye nethiyori elungelelanisiwe kwakhona.

Ngokuchasene noko, ukuba Ixabiso langempela le-ETF e ingaphantsi kwexabiso lethiyori, umphathi kufuneka athenge izabelo kwi-ETF emva koko abe nakho ukubola, into elandelayo iya kuba kukuthengisa izabelo kwimarike yemasheya, oku de amaxabiso theoretical kunye nexabiso lokwenyani alungelelaniswe kwakhona.

Nje ukuba sikuqonde konke oku kungentla, sinokuthi i-ETF iziphatha ngokwesalathiso, ukuze ukuba umlinganiso we-ETF unyuke nge-15%, i-ETF iyakonyuka nge-15%; Ngokuchasene noko, ukuba isalathiso siwela ngexabiso nge-9%, i-ETF nayo iya kuwa nge-9%. Nangona ngaphandle kwale ndlela yokuziphatha, inzuzo ayifani ngenxa yohlalutyo lwangaphambili.

Ezinye iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ukuba ucinga malunga utyalomali kwii-ETFs, Akukho kitty yotyalo-mali, ke inokuba okanye ingangabi yindlela elungileyo yotyalo-mali. Nje ukuba wena njengomtyali mali ube nalo lonke olu lwazi, lixesha lokuba uthathe isigqibo sokuba uza kutyala imali yakho kwi-ETF okanye hayi.