Enye yeenzuzo esizifumana kwiimali zotyalo mali kukuba sinokukhetha iimodeli ezahlukeneyo zolawulo lwabo. Ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba nathi sinako khetha iiasethi ezahlukeneyo zemali kule mveliso yemali. Kodwa ngokuchaseneyo, inokudala ingxaki kuthi kunyulo. Ayothusi into yokuba imali yotyalo-mali inokubonakaliswa okungaphezulu kokuphindaphindayo ngokubhekisele kwisithembiso abasenzayo kubatyali zimali kwihlabathi liphela.
Ngaphakathi kule mveliso akukho mathandabuzo ukuba sinokukhetha ii-equities, ingeniso esisigxina, imali okanye naluphi na olunye utyalomali. Kunjalo ayiniki mida kwisigqibo ekufuneka usithathe ukusukela ngoku. Ngaphandle kolunye uthotho lwezinye izinto eziqwalaselweyo zobuchwephesha kwaye mhlawumbi nakwindawo yokujonga izinto ezisisiseko. Kodwa baya kude ngakumbi, bevela kwiinkampani ezahlukeneyo zolawulo, kokubini kuzwelonke nangaphandle kwemida yethu. Unokukhetha kwakhona kwiimodeli zolawulo ezisebenzayo okanye ezenziwayo.
Ukuze ungabinangxaki kulawulo lwakho lwengxowa-mali elandelayo, siza kukucebisa ukuba uyenze Isipaji esisiseko ngeefomathi ekufuneka uzifezekisile ukuze uzuze inzuzo engaphezulu komndilili. Ngayiphi na imeko, iya kuba lutyalo-mali olwahlukeneyo apho unokujongana nengxwabangxwaba enokuthi ivele kwiimarike zezemali. Ngenjongo ephambili yokugcina ikapitali yakho ngaphezulu kolunye uthotho lwezinto eziqwalaselweyo, ngelixa unyaka nonyaka ufumana imbuyekezo kulondolozo lobomi bakho.
Iimali zotyalo-mali: ii-equities
Yinxalenye yotyalo-mali ongenakulibaleka kuyo nayiphi na imeko ukuba ufuna ukuphucula ukusebenza kwemali yakho. Kuyinyani ukuba ezi mali zotyalo-mali zithwele umngcipheko omkhulu, kodwa kufuneka ucinge ukunyusa inzala ekupheleni kwenyanga. Ngokumalunga nale mali, olona khetho lufanelekileyo lumelwe yingxowa-mali yokulingana yamanye amazwe ethi zahluka ezi asethi zemali. Ngale ndlela, indibaniselwano yeemarike zentengiso zaseYurophu naseMntla Melika inokuba ngumbono ogqwesileyo wokuphucula ibhalansi yolondolozo lwakho ukusukela ngoku. Ngale ndlela, awuyi kufaka imali yakho kukhuseleko olunye okanye kwiimarike zemali.
Ngelixa kwelinye icala, olu luvo lotyalo-mali lunethuba lokuba lunokukwenza ukuphucula umdla wonyaka wotyalo-mali. Ukudibanisa iimarike ezahlukileyo kwimveliso enye kutyalo-mali. Ukuba ufuna indawo ephezulu yomngcipheko ngokungathandabuzekiyo ungabeka ubuncinci benxalenye kwindawo ekuthiwa yeyentengiso. Zezona zinenzuzo kakhulu, kodwa nalapho unokuwisa khona i-euro eninzi apha endleleni. Ngesi sizathu, utyalomali lwakho akufuneki lubanzi kakhulu, kodwa lube nomda kwaye phantsi kolawulo lwakho kwingxowa mali.
Ingeniso esisigxina: yeyiphi oyikhethayo?
Enye yeasethi yezemali enokukunika ngakumbi intloko xa usenza ukhetho lwakho. Uluvo olugqwesileyo kukuba awuzikhupheli umda kwityala lelizwe elinye, kodwa endaweni yoko ulwahlule ngokhetho olubanzi lweendawo apho unokufumana khona imbuyekezo elungileyo. Ngale ndlela, inzuzo onayo okwangoku kukuba unemali yotyalo-mali yazo zonke iintlobo nendalo. Yiya kwabo banendlela eyahlukeneyo yokunikezela. Kugqibelele iyeza lokunciphisa ilahleko enokubakho ezinokuveliswa kolu tyalo-mali.
Kwelinye icala, kuluncedo kakhulu ukuba ukhethe usebenze kunokuba ulawulo lwentando olunezona njongo zalo ziphambili ukukhusela kumaxesha okungazinzi kolu hlobo lweemarike zezemali. Ukuze ngale ndlela, ungayiphucula inzuzo kancinane kancinci kuba ngalo mzekelo wotyalo-mali umlinganiso wenzala awuphakamanga njengakwiimarike zezabelo. Ke ngoko, luhlobo lotyalo-mali olujolise ngakumbi kwixesha eliphakathi nelide ekusisigxina. Kungenxa yokuba ungalibali ukuba ezi fomathi azikho ngaphandle komngcipheko njengoko abanye abatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi bekholelwa.
Iimodeli zemali
Elinye icandelo lesiseko loko kufanele ukuba kube yingqokelela yeengxowa mali ezinengqiqo. Nangona igalelo labo liza kuba lisezantsi kunezinye iimali zotyalo mali. Kungenxa yokuba nakweyiphi na imeko kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba umngcipheko mkhulu kakhulu ngenxa yokungaziphathi kakuhle kwi- ukutshintshiselana ngemali kwaye oko kukhokelela kumahluko obaluleke kakhulu. Kwelinye icala, awungekhe ulibale ukuba umahluko kwimali uza kuvelisa ikhomishini enokuthi ikwenzakalise kutyalo-mali oza kulwenza ukusukela ngoku.
Eyona nto icetyiswayo kwezi meko kukuba ukhetha ukutyalomali mali ngokusekwe kwi-euro. Yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokukhusela umdla wakho kwezi asethi zemali. Kuyinyani ukuba Inzuzo iya kuba incinci, kodwa ubuncinci awuyi kuphulukana nemali kwaye uya kuba nakho ukubuyekeza ilahleko evela kwiingxowa-mali ezisele zotyalo-mali. Kuya kwanela ukuba ufake igalelo ubuncinci kule ngxowa-mali ukuze uphinde uyisebenzise imali yakho ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zotyalo-mali. Kusemva kwayo yonke enye yeenjongo zakho eziphambili njengomtyalomali omncinci nophakathi.
Olunye utyalomali
Kuya kufuneka ibe yinxalenye yepotfoliyo yengxowa mali yotyalo mali yabanini bale mveliso. Kodwa kule meko inegalelo elincinci ngenxa yomngcipheko obandakanyekayo ekusebenzeni. Ngale ndlela, enye yezimvo ibunjiwe yinto yokuba udibanisa iiasethi zemali ezikhethiweyo kunye nenxalenye evela kwingeniso esisigxina okanye eyahlukileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwiprofayili oyivezayo njengomtyali mali. Ukunciphisa umda ukuguquguquka ezibonisa ezi modeli kutyalo-mali ezinobundlongondlongo ngakumbi.
Unokwenza isivumelwano semali eyahlukeneyo, ukusuka ngokusekwe kwimpahla yearhente yokuthenga izindlu nomhlaba kwabo basekela umnikelo wabo kwizinto ezingavunyelwanga okanye kwizinyithi ezixabisekileyo. Zonke zinokuba luncedo kakhulu ukuba ukuvela kwamaxabiso azo kuphuhliswa ngokokulindelweyo okudaliweyo. Kodwa apho imingcipheko ihlala ifihliwe kwaye ke into ekufuneka uyenzile kukuzikhusela kuwo nawuphi na umzuzu ongafunekiyo kwiimarike zezemali. Unokufumana imali eninzi, kodwa kwelinye icala ungashiya i-euro eninzi endleleni. Kwaye le yinto ekufuneka uyilindele ngaphambi kokuqesha.
Iingxowa-mali zamazwe ngamazwe
Phantse zonke iindidi zibonise ukukhula kwezi nyanga zidlulileyo. Iimali zamashishini zamashishini zamazwe ngamazwe zivelele ezithi, emva kweziphumo ezilungileyo ezifunyenwe kuninzi lwee-indices zehlabathi, bonyuse umthamo wabo weeasethi kwi-1.275 yezigidi zeerandi, ngokweedatha zamva nje ezinikezwe nguMbutho wamaZiko aTyalo-mali ahlanganyelweyo kunye neNgxowa-mali yomhlala-phantsi (Inverco). Apho kubonisiwe ukuba kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka banokukhula kwe-1.768 yezigidi zeerandi.
Nangona kunjalo, ziingxowa-mali ezisisigxina zotyalo-mali ezikhokelela kwinqanaba lokukhula okuqokelelweyo kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka, ngokunyuka ngaphezulu kwe-7.000 yezigidi zeerandi. Ngayiphi na imeko, uninzi loku kukhula kuyahambelana nemirhumo yabathathi-nxaxheba, ukhetho lwabo lotyalo-mali lujolise kolu hlobo lwemali kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokuqala zonyaka. Kwindlela ebiphindaphindeka kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo kuxhomekeke kwindaleko yeemarike zezemali, kokubini kwii-equities kunye nengeniso esisigxina.
Imirhumo kunye nokubuyiselwa imali
Emva kwabo, iimali ezixubeneyo zezona ziye zafumana ukukhula kakhulu kwi-2019 (i-3.769 yezigidi ngaphezulu kwe-2018), nangona ngokwepesenti bakhokele bathi ukukhula kukonyuke phantse i-16% xa kuthelekiswa noDisemba 2018, ngokolwazi nguMbutho waMaziko oTyalo-mali aHlangeneyo kunye neNgxowa-mali yomhlala-phantsi. Kule meko, kufunyaniswe ukuba lonke ukukhula kunemvelaphi yalo Ukuhlaziywa kweephothifoliyo zabo ngefuthe lentengiso.
Emva kwengxowa mali yamazwe aphesheya, ezo zehlabathi zezona ziye zafumana ukukhula okuphezulu ngoJuni phantse nge-893 yezigidi zeerandi. Kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka, baqokelela ukwanda kwe-equity ye-2.666 yezigidi zeerandi. Ngokuchasene noko, imali ebuyayo ngokupheleleyo ikhokelele ukuhla kwe-equity yenyanga kunye ne-2019, kwaye yehlise umthamo wabo wempahla kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokuqala zonyaka ngaphezulu nje kwe-2.241 yezigidi zeerandi (i-15,5% engaphantsi kunoDisemba 2018).
Imali yotyalo-mali ethathwe kwii-equities zesizwe ikwafumana ukwehla kwempahla yexabiso (ngenxa yokuhlawulelwa okufumanekayo kudidi) ngoJuni phantse i-35 yezigidi zeerandi. Kunyaka uphela, baqokelela ukuncitshiswa kwe-equity ye-601 yezigidi ze-euro. Malunga nokuhamba kwemali, imali yotyalo-mali eboniswe ngoJuni a Ukuziphatha okuthe tyaba kunye nokurekhodwa kwembuyekezo yemali eyi-12 yezigidi zeerandi. Kunyaka uphela, baqokelela imbuyiselo yemali efikelela kwi-387 yezigidi ze-euro.