Abantu abaninzi bakhe bacinga ngokudala iNkampani encinci, okanye i-SL, kodwa abazi ukuba baqale ngaphi. Iinkqubo zoku zibandakanya uthotho lweemfuno kunye namanyathelo anokuba nzima kakhulu ukuba asazi malunga nesihloko. Oku kubandakanya izicelo kunye nokunikwa kwezatifikethi ezahlukeneyo kunye nokubhaliswa kulawulo lwerhafu. Ukukunceda kancinci ngesi sihloko, siza kuchaza kweli nqaku ukuba uyenza njani iNkampani eNomda.
Ukuba injongo yakho kukwenza i-SL okanye wazise nje ngalo mbandela, ukwindawo elungileyo. Siza kuchaza iimfuno eziyimfuneko, ukuba siyenza njani iNkampani eNqunyelwe inyathelo ngenyathelo, zibiza malini kwaye ngubani onokwenza iSL.
Ubenza njani ubuhlakani obulinganiselweyo?
Ngaphambi kokuba uyazi ukuba uyenza njani ifayile ye- I-Sociedad Limitada, Kukho inani leemfuno eziphambili ekufuneka sizifezekisile. Ukuba silahlekile enye, kufuneka siyifumane ukuze siqalise inkqubo. Zizonke zizonke:
- Isatifikethi esingalunganga segama leNkampani: Sisatifikethi esiqinisekisa ukubekwa kwehlelo elifunwayo. Kuya kufuneka ichaze ukubakho kwehlelo ukuze isetyenziswe kwiNkampani eNqameneyo entsha. Ukucela olu xwebhu kufuneka siye kwiCentral Mercantile Registry.
- Imali yentlalontle: Ukuze sikwazi ukwenza iNkampani eNqunyelweyo kufuneka okungenani sibe ne- € 3000 njenge-capital capital. Esi sixa singenziwa ngemali, ifanitshala, izindlu nomhlaba okanye ezinye iiasethi namalungelo anokuvavanywa kwinqanaba loqoqosho, kodwa kufuneka angabi yimali.
- Vula iakhawunti yebhanki: Amaqabane kufuneka avule i-akhawunti yebhanki ngemali eyinkunzi. Ngale nto banokucela uxwebhu ukungqina ukwenziwa kwe-SL. Ngokwesiqhelo bacela imfuno yokuqala, eya kuthi ibe sisiQinisekiso esingalunganga seNkcubeko yeNtlalontle okanye i-CIF abanayo okwethutyana. Ngexesha lokunikwa itayitile ebandakanya ukubandakanywa kweNkampani eNcinci, isiqinisekiso sedipozithi kufuneka sikhutshelwe. Le yokugqibela ikhutshwa yibhanki apho inkqubo ibisenziwa khona.
- Yiba ne-DNI okanye i-NIE: Bobabini abalawuli kunye namaqabane eNkampani eNqunyelweyo kufuneka babe nenombolo ye-NIE okanye ye-DNI. Kwimeko apho ingumntu osemthethweni, kufuneka babe ne-NIF.
Nje ukuba siqwalasele ukuba sihlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno, siza kubona indlela yokwenza iNkampani eNcinci. Ngenxa yoku kufuneka silandele amanyathelo alithoba, ezinye zazo sele zibandakanyiwe kwezi mfuno zikhankanywe apha ngasentla.
Inyathelo 1: Cela igama lenkampani
Inyathelo lokuqala kukucela igama lenkampani. Ngayo siqinisekisa ukuba igama esilikhethele i-SL yethu alikasetyenziswa ngomnye umntu. Amagama ahlukeneyo kufuneka afakwe kule nkqubo ukuze babe nokukhetha ngakumbi. Ngale ndlela, ukuba ukhetho lwethu lokuqala selusetyenzisiwe, igama lesibini lithatha indawo yalo, njalo njalo de kufumaneke elinye. Singayenza phi le nkqubo? Kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni yeRegistant Registry online.
Nje ukuba eli nyathelo lenziwe, uxwebhu esiza kulifumana sisiQinisekiso esingalunganga seNkolo yezeNtlalo. Eli phepha liqinisekisa ukuba igama liya kugcinelwa umenzi-sicelo kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezizayo. Ngexesha leenyanga ezintathu zokuqala emva kokukhutshwa kwesi satifikethi, Umenzi-sicelo kufuneka abhalise uxwebhu phambi koLuntu oluQinisekisayo ukuze lungaphulukani nokusebenza kwalo. Emva kokuba eli xesha lidlulile ngaphandle kokulibhalisa, iSatifikethi esingalunganga seNkcubeko iya kuphulukana nokusebenza kwayo. Oko kukuthi: Igama leNkampani eNcitshisiweyo alisayi kugcinwa.
Inyathelo 2: Vula iakhawunti yebhanki ye-SL
Okwesibini, kufuneka sivule iakhawunti yebhanki yeNkampani eNcinci, nakweyiphi na ibhanki. Ngale nto baya kucela isiQinisekiso esingalunganga seNkolo yezeNtlalontle, esiza kuba sinaso. Inani elincinci lokufaka idiphozi yi- $ 3000. Yiyo loo nto iziko linokukhupha esinye isiqinisekiso esiza kusidinga: eso sengeniso. Nje ukuba silufumane olu xwebhu, siya kuba nakho ukugqibezela inkqubo phambi koLuntu oluQinisekisayo. Emva koko sinokuqhubeka neenkqubo zokwenza i-SL.
Inyathelo 3: Bhala imithetho yedolophu
Ithini imithetho kamasipala? Olu luxwebhu Inokusebenza kwangaphakathi, imigaqo kunye nolwakhiwo lweNkampani eNcinci. Kufuneka ibandakanywe kwirejista yoluntu yomgaqo-siseko wombutho wezoshishino.
Entre ulwazi ekufuneka luqulathe iMithetho kaMasipala yeNkampani la manqaku alandelayo afunyenwe:
- Ukuchongwa kwemo yoku Inkampani elawula iTyala.
- Igama leKhampani.
- Iofisi ebhalisiweyo kwindawo yaseSpain.
- Injongo yokudibana nemisebenzi eyenziweyo.
- Yabelana ngemali eyabelweyo kunye nezabelo ekwahlulahlulwe kuzo.
- Ukufakwa kwamanani kunye nexabiso lesabelo kwisabelo ngasinye.
- Umhla wokuvala umthambo ngamnye.
- Inkqubo yolawulo yeNkampani eNcinci.
Kukho okunyanzelekileyo okukhankanyiweyo ngaphandle kwezo sele zikhankanyiwe. Yintoni egqithisile, Iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu zinokongezwa ukuba amaqabane anqwenela njalo, Logama nje zihambelana nemigaqo emiselweyo yohlobo lwentlalo kunye nemilinganiselo yenkampani.
Inyathelo 4: Ukumisela ngokusemthethweni itayitile yoluntu yokubandakanywa kwe-SL
Inyathelo lesine ekufuneka lithathe onke amaqabane yiya kwiofisi ye-notary ukuze wenze ngokusemthethweni iTayitile yoMgaqo-siseko yeNkampani eNqunyelweyo kwaye utyikitye. Ukongeza, kufuneka baphathe isatifikethi esivela ebhankini malunga negalelo lesitokhwe esiyinkunzi kunye neSatifikethi sehlelo. Kananjalo akufuneki silibale ukubonelela ngamanye amaxwebhu ayimfuneko, anje ngeMithetho kaMasipala kunye ne-ID yeqabane ngalinye. Kwimeko apho omnye wabo ingowasemzini, kufuneka angenise, phakathi kwezinye izinto, isibhengezo sotyalo-mali phesheya.
Inyathelo 5: Fumana i-NIF ye-SL
Emva kokusayina itayitile Kufuneka siye ekwenzeni oko ukuze basinike I-NIF okwethutyana, amakhadi okuchonga kunye neelebheli. Ngenxa yoku kufuneka sibonise ifotokopi ye-DNI yeqabane eliza kutyikitya kunye nefotokopi yesivumelwano sokufakwa kwe-SL. Nje ukuba le nkqubo igqityiwe, siyakufumana i-NIF yethutyana esebenzayo eneenyanga ezintandathu. Emva kweli xesha kuya kufuneka siyitshintshele kwi-NIF yokugqibela.
Inyathelo 6: Bhalisela iRhafu yoRhwebo
Nje ukuba sibe ne-NIF yexeshana, inyathelo elilandelayo kukuba yiya kwi-Arhente yeRhafu ukuze ubhalise kwi-IAE (Irhafu kwimisebenzi yezoqoqosho). Ngale nkqubo, ndikwazise malunga nokuqala kwemisebenzi yeNkampani eNomda.
Inyathelo 7: Chaza iVAT okanye ubalo
Nangona onke amanyathelo ayimfuneko, inani lesixhenxe lisisinyanzelo ngokupheleleyo. NjengeNkampani eNqunyelweyo kufuneka sibhalise kubalo lwabaSomashishini, abaSebenzi kunye nabaGcini. Ngale nto kufuneka sigcwalise iFomu 036. Sinokuyifumana kwiwebhusayithi yeArhente yeRhafu.
Inyathelo 8: Bhalisa kwiRejista yeMercantile yephondo
Ukuza phantse esiphelweni Amaqabane e-SL kufuneka abhalise kwiRejista ye-Mercantile yephondo, Oko kukuthi, kwiRejista yeMercantile yephondo apho baneofisi ebhalisiweyo. Ukuze bakwazi ukwenza le nkqubo, kufuneka bangenise ikopi ye-NIF yokubambisa kunye nekopi egunyazisiweyo yesivumelwano sokufakwa kwenkampani.
Inyathelo 9: Fumana i-NIF yokugqibela
Okokugqibela, i-NIF yokugqibela iya kuhlala ifumaneka. Emva kokubhaliswa komgaqo-siseko we-SL, kufuneka sibuyele kwi-Ofisi kaNondyebo Ukutshintsha i-NIF yexeshana eyenyani.
Ixabisa malini ukwenza iNkampani eNqunyelweyo?
Phakathi kwamathandabuzo axhaphakileyo abantu abanawo xa besenza inkampani ziindleko ezinokuthi zibandakanye le projekthi. Kodwa akukho lula ukuseka ixabiso elinokuthi lihambelane nalo msebenzi, kuba zombini iinkqubo eziyimfuneko kunye neendlela ezinokubakho zininzi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kunokwenzeka ukwenza uqikelelo olubi. Ukongeza, kufuneka siyazi indlela yokwahlula phakathi kweendleko okanye iindleko zokwenza inkampani kunye noko kufuneka sityale imali kuyo kuqala. Le yokugqibela ixhomekeke ikakhulu kuhlobo lwenkampani kunye necandelo.
Ngokubhekisele ekudalweni kweNkampani eNomda, ixabiso elincinci eliza kuba nalo li malunga ne- € 300, kodwa inokufikelela kwi- € 900. Ke ngoko, umndilili ujikeleze i- € 600 ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi. Ukongeza, kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba kufuneka okungenani sibe ne- € 3000 ekhoyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokwenza i-SL.
Ngubani onokwenza iNkampani eNqunyelweyo?
Ngoku siyazazi iimfuno eziyimfuneko zokwenza iNkampani eNqunyelweyo, amanyathelo ekufuneka elandelwe kunye nento enokusibiza yona. Kodwa ngubani onokwenza i-SL? Emva koko nawuphina umntu okanye iqela labantu abafuna ukunika ubuntu obusemthethweni kwimbono yabo yeshishini kwaye ke ngaloo ndlela baseke inkampani yezomthetho. Xa kukho iqabane elinye kuphela, inkampani ibizwa ngokuba yiSociedad Limitada Unipersonal (SLU). Kwelinye icala, xa isenziwa ngabantu ababini okanye nangaphezulu, iba yinto eqhelekileyo ye-SL okanye yeNkampani encinci. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-SL inokuba nezabelo ezihambelana nenye inkampani encinci kwaye isebenze njengomphathi wenkampani.
Ndiyathemba ukuba eli nqaku likuncedile ukuba uqonde ukuba uyenza njani iNkampani eNcinci kunye nokucacisa amathandabuzo akho ngayo.