Ipremiyamu yomngcipheko yidatha yezoqoqosho, ebikulo lonke ulwazi lwezoqoqosho kunxibelelwano lweendaba iminyaka eliqela. Kuye kwaxhunyaniswa nexabiso lentengo, ukukhula koqoqosho, ioli, kunye nakwii-indices ze-stock market. Kwaye oko kwakhokelela ekubeni amazwe angaphandle e-European Union abe kwimeko enzima yezoqoqoshoAbanye babo bade bangenelelwa nangamagunya asekuhlaleni. Akumangalisi ukuba ndibakhokele ukuba badubule ipremiyamu yabo yomngcipheko ngaphezulu kwamanqaku angama-500, nangakumbi kwezona ngxaki zinzima.
Nangona kunjalo, amacandelo amaninzi oluntu akakayazi intsingiselo yokuba yintoni ipremiyamu yomngcipheko. Ewe, eli xesha loqoqosho ngumda wenzuzo phakathi kwelizwe (iSpain, i-Itali, iPortugal, i-Ireland, iFrance ...) kunye nesalathiso (eJamani). Ngelixa iqhina laseJamani (bundkwiminyaka eli-10 ngoku ihlawula inzala kufutshane ne-1,537%, iSpanish ikuluhlu lwe-2%. Umahluko obangelwe lulo msebenzi kungoku nje uza kuba malunga neendawo ezili-145 ezisisiseko, nepremiyamu yomngcipheko okwangoku kwityala loluntu laseSpain.
Njengoko ipremiyamu yomngcipheko iphezulu iingxaki zoqoqosho elinazo zikhulu, kwaye ngakumbi ubunzima bayo bokufumana imali kwiimarike, njengoko kubonisiwe kwiminyaka yakutshanje kummandla we-euro. Akumangalisi ukuba le parameter yezoqoqosho yayikho kuzo zonke iindaba eziphambili zeendaba zaseSpain. Ewe kunjalo, xa amanqaku angama-600 ewelisiwe, kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokuba ilizwe lingenelele.
Kwanele ukukhumbula ukuba i-premium yomngcipheko weGrisi nePortugal yafikelela kumanqanaba angaphezu kwamanqaku ayi-1.000 600. Kwaye kwimeko ethile yaseSpain kumanqanaba aphezulu, ajikeleze i-2012, emva kwi-XNUMX. Ke ngoko, sithetha ngedatha ebaluleke kakhulu kuqoqosho lwamazwe, kwaye kujongwa ngeglasi yokukhulisa ziiarhente zokulinganisa kunye nabalamli bezemali balo naluphi na uhlobo.
Ipremiyamu yomngcipheko, ngaba ingasetyenziselwa utyalo-mali?
Nangona kunjalo, ipremiyamu yomngcipheko sele iyinto, engaphantsi kokubaluleka kokwenza naluphi na uhlobo lotyalo-mali, hayi kwi ngeniso ekhoyo, kodwa ngakumbi iziphumo ezivela kwisigxina. Ukuvela kweemarike zentengiso kuxhomekeke kakhulu kumanqaku abeka umngcipheko welizwe ngomzuzu ngamnye. Kwinqanaba eliphezulu leprimiyamu yayo, ukwehla kweemarike zentengiso kubukhali kakhulu, kwaye ngokuchaseneyo.
Ngenxa yoku, esi sicwangciso sinokusetyenziselwa ukwenza ukonga imali kubatyali mali abancinci.. Ukuphembelela iimarike apho umngcipheko unyuka okanye uncipha ngaphezulu kwezinye ezizinzileyo. Kwaye inokusetyenziswa ngokulula kakhulu ngabasebenzisi kolu hlobo lokusebenza. Akumangalisi ke ukuba kule minyaka idlulileyo, iinzuzo ezinkulu ziye zafunyanwa ngesi sicwangciso sotyalo-mali.
Elinye lawona macandelo abuthathaka kakhulu kwipremiyamu yomngcipheko, kwaye kungenjalo ngenye indlela, licandelo lokugcina imali, kwaye ngokwandisa lonke icandelo lezemali ngokubanzi. Ngokwehla okubonakalayo okukhulu kuxhomekeke kwindaleko yeparameter ebalulekileyo kwezoqoqosho. Kwaye zikhokelele izabelo zabo ziyehla kwaye zixabise kumanqanaba asondele kwi-5%, nangaphezulu kwizihlandlo ezithile. Ngayiphi na imeko, ingaphezulu kunezo ziboniswe kwamanye amacandelo ezemali. Imarike yemasheya yaseSpain iyeyona iye yabhencwa kwezi zinto zahlukileyo eziveliswe kwiimarike zezemali. Ngokukodwa xa ipremiyamu yomngcipheko ugqithe kumanqaku angama-400.
Ungathengisa njani ngale datha?
Ipremiyamu yomngcipheko iyasebenza, hayi kuphela ukuthengisa urhwebo, kodwa kwezinye iimveliso zezemali, kubandakanya iimali zotyalo mali. Kwakhona kwezinye izinto ezithile ezinje ngeebhondi zikawonke-wonke, onokuthi uzirhumele ngokuthe ngqo, ngaphandle kwalo naluphi na uhlobo lwabalamli. Okokugqibela ukwenza iphothifoliyo ebanzi yotyalo-mali esekwe kwipremiyamu yomngcipheko njengokhetho. Kwaye konke oku, nangona okwangoku kungaphantsi kozinzo oluthile kumanqanaba athiwe thaca ngamazwe aphambili e-EU, xa ukungazinzi kubakho kwiimarike zezemali.
Ngenxa yesi sicwangciso, inyani yokuba umahluko welizwe uncipha ngokubhekisele kwiJamani ngokungathandabuzekiyo ziindaba ezilungileyo zezoqoqosho, ezimele ukukhulisa iimarike zezabelo, okanye ubuncinci zizinzise. Ngapha koko, inokusetyenziswa ngezinye iimveliso ezilungiselelwe utyalo-mali. Kwaye ukuba unokuziqokelela ngokwakho ukuzama ukuphucula ilifa lemveli. Ngaphandle kwenjongo enye ngaphandle kokusebenzisa le meko.
Iimali zotyalo-mali
Ezi ntshukumo zinokuqokelelwa zezi mveliso, kwimilinganiselo yazo yengeniso emiselweyo. Njani? Ewe usebenzisa izicwangciso ezibini ezahlukeneyo, kodwa kwangaxeshanye ziyahambelana. Kwelinye icala, ubalekela kwi-bond yaseJamani xa kukho ukunyuka kwesivuno seebhendi zepheripherali (ISpain, iPortugal, i-Itali, njl. Ngale ndlela, iya kulungiswa njengendawo ekhuselekileyo kwiimarike zezemali. Kwimbalwa eseleyo yezi mpawu.
Kwaye kwelinye, Ukuthatha ithuba lezivuno eziphezulu abazibonelelayo, kwaye oko kubonakala kuzinzo lwabo. Ukuthatha, kwiimeko ezininzi, amathuba oshishino lokwenyani kule ndawo yotyalo-mali. Zininzi iimali zotyalo-mali ezingenisa le meko, kwaye inokuba yinto enomdla kakhulu kwimidla yakho ngamaxesha athile onyaka.
Ayothusi kakhulu ebonelela ngembuyekezo yonyaka enokusondela kumanani amabini. Nangona kubaluleke kakhulu ukurhoxa ngexesha, Oko kukuthi, ukurhoxisa izikhundla, xa iinjongo zifezekisiwe. Kungenxa yokuba xa la manqanaba efikelelwe sele kunzima ukuqhubeka nokuvelisa ingeniso kwingxowa-mali, kwaye ukuba endaweni yoko izilungiso eziqatha kakhulu ezinokuchaphazela ipotifoliyo oyenzileyo.
Eyona ndlela yokuthintela ezi ngxaki kuku Ukwahlula utyalo-mali kwiingxowa-mali ezahlukeneyo zendalo ezahlukeneyo, Nokuba zivela kwii-equity okanye ezinye iindlela ezizezinye. Iya kuba yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokukhusela umdla wakho, kwaye nangokubuyisa okunomdla kakhulu, nangaphezulu kwezinye izicwangciso ezinobuchule kuphuhliso lwayo.
Iimali ezixubileyo
Olunye ukhetho olunikezwa ziimarike kukunikezela ngemveliso kwezi mpawu. Ikwasebenza njengoncediso lokwahlukahlukana. Kodwa kule meko, Ukudibanisa umvuzo ongaguqukiyo nengeniso eyahlukileyo. Ityala loluntu elivela kumazwe angaphandle (iSpain, i-Itali, iFrance, iGrisi nePortugal) akufuneki lisilele ekubunjweni kwalo, likuvumela ukuba ugcwalise izindululo zakho kwizinto eziphambili zezemali. Kwaye kwinqanaba lomngcipheko eliya kuxhomekeka kwiprofayili yotyalomali oyibonisayo: ukumodareyitha, phakathi okanye ubundlongondlongo. Kwaye mhlawumbi nenqanaba lomngcipheko onokucinga ngalo ekusebenzeni.
Inxalenye elungileyo yezi mveliso zezezimali zibandakanya kwiifomathi zazo ezibizwa ngokuba ziipheripheral bond, ukuze umthengi athathe ithuba lokunyuka kwepremiyamu yomngcipheko kulawo mazwe. Kwaye phantsi komyinge oya kuxhomekeka kwimvelaphi ekhethiweyo. Ayisoloko ifana, kwaye injalo. Ke awuzukukhetha ngaphandle kokufunda isibonelelo esibonelelwa ziinkampani zolawulo.
Ukuthenga iibhondi
Indlela yokugqibela iya kuhlala kukuthengwa ngokuthe ngqo kwezi asethi zemali kwiimarike. Iya kuba sisenzo esinamandla ngakumbi, kwaye ivezwe emngciphekweni omkhulu ngokuqesha. Elona cebo lililo lokumisela ngokusesikweni oku kuthathwa kwezikhundla kwiipheripheral bond ziya kuhlala kweyona ndlela intle banayo kwaye, ke ngoko, kubanzi iinketho zokwenza ukonga kunenzuzo. Unokukhetha iintlobo ngeentlobo zamatyala oluntu, kuzwelonke nakwamanye amazwe eManyano yaseYurophu, nangokuthenga kakhulu.
kunjalo, umngcipheko uphezulu, kwaye kungafuneka ukhawuleze ubeke ixesha elide, apho imeko inokutshintsha nanini na. Nangona imbuyekezo, intsebenzo iya kuqinisekiswa ukusukela kumhla wokubaqesha. Ayizukukhangeleka, kude nayo, kodwa iya kuba sisixhobo sokubonelela ngembuyekezo engcono kunezinye iimveliso zebhanki.
Kwaye apho, kuyo nayiphi na imeko, ziya kuba ziiasethi zemali ezifikelelekayo kakhulu kwimidla yakho njengomthengi, ukubanakho ukwenza iminikelo oyibona iyimfuneko nanini na. Ukusuka kolona londolozo ukuya kweyona inamandla, nangona eyokugqibela ingacetyiswa kwezi meko zangoku. Kodwa iya kuba yenye enye into ekufuneka uyenzile ukugcina imali oyigcinileyo ngokusekwe kumngcipheko wengozi kumazwe e-EU. Kuluhlu olubanzi lwezindululo, onokuzamkela ukusukela ngoku.
Utyalomali olukhuselekileyo
Ngaphantsi kweli hlelo kubhaliswe iibhondi ezinokuzikhusela kwimeko yokungazinzi okukhulu, kwaye zabhaptizwa phantsi kokungaqiniseki kwezoqoqosho. Kwelinye icala, i Ibhanti yaseJamani enexabiso elisisigxina elikhuselekileyo kwezi meko. Ngokuyintloko ngenxa yokuthembeka komgaqo-nkqubo wezoqoqosho. Kwaye kwelinye icala, amazwe angaphandle, anokuthi avelise ukunyuka okubonakalayo okunyukayo kwiibhondi zawo, kwaye njengesiphumo sokuqhubeka kokuhla kokunyuka kwepremiyamu yomngcipheko.
Kule meko sikuchazileyo kuwe, akukho mathandabuzo ukuba unayo enye indlela, mhlawumbi leyo wawungenayo, yokufumana isibonelelo esikhulu kwiimarike. Kwaye ngandlela thile inxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko womngcipheko. Basenokungakwazi nokucinga ngeli thuba livulekileyo kumabango akho njengesigcini esiphakathi. Hayi ngelize, nangaliphi na ixesha ungayisebenzisa, okanye uyincedise kunye nezinye iiasethi zemali zohlobo olwahlukileyo.