Ukutyala imali yethu ngokuchanekileyo kufuna ukuba sikhumbule iikhonsepthi ezahlukeneyo ezinokusinceda sikhethe ukhetho oluchanekileyo tyala imali yethu. Ezimbini iikhonsepthi esiza kuzifumana rhoqo zezi Ingeniso eLungisiweyo kunye neNgeniso eguqukayo. Ukuziqonda ngokuchanekileyo kufuneka sicace gca ngezi ngcamango zilandelayo:
Yintoni inzuzo yemali?
Singachaza Inzuzo yemali njengepesenti enxulumene noko ekhoyo phakathi kwezibonelelo esizifumanayo kutyalo-mali lweemali zethu. Umxholo ubaluleke kakhulu kumaqabane kunye nabanini benkampani kuba yiyo ebonisa ukuba bazokufumana malini emva kokutyala imali.
Kule meko umxholo usebenza kwi umvuzo ohleliyo kunye nokwahluka kwaye ibhekisa kwizibonelelo (okanye umvuzo) eziveliswa zii-asethi ezithile zezemali ezinje ngezitokhwe, iibhondi okanye amatyala. Umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini unento yokwenza nabatyali mali abasemngciphekweni xa bekhetha enye yezi zimbini.
Kuthetha ntoni ukutyala imali?
Ukutyala kuthetha ukufaka imali yethu kwizixhobo ezahlukileyo zemali ukuze zivelise Inzuzo yemali. Oku kuqala kwimbono yokuba umtyali-mali ngumntu othatha isigqibo gcina imali oyigcinileyo (okanye ikapitali) kwenye yeemveliso zezemali ezifumaneka kwimarike kwaye zilungele iimfuno zethu.
Umzekelo woku iintshukumo, Esisixhobo semali kuba ukuze iinkampani zisebenze zifuna amaqabane otyalo-mali abonelela ngemali efunekayo ukuqala okanye ukuqhubeka nokusebenza. Okukhona inkampani iphumelela, kokukhona ingeniso yamaqabane otyalo-mali kunye nenzuzo ephezulu.
Ithetha ntoni inqanaba lokungaqiniseki?
Ukungaqiniseki yinto eyenzeka kwimeko apho ukubonwa komsitho othile kungaziwa ngokupheleleyo. Kwezemali sisimo esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kuba abatyali mali bafuna zonke iinkcukacha eziyimfuneko kunye neenkqubo zokunciphisa kangangoko kunokwenzeka inqanaba lokungaqiniseki kwezixhobo zalo zemali.
Yintoni umngcipheko wezezimali?
El ingozi yemali Inokuchazwa njengamathuba okuba isiganeko senzeke apho siphulukana nenkunzi yethu kwinqanaba elikhulu okanye elincinci. Oku kubandakanya zombini ukufumana okungaphantsi kunoko kulindelweyo, kude kuphulukane naloo capital. zikhona iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomngcipheko kwaye kufuneka sizithathele ingqalelo zonke ngaphambi kokukhetha indawo esinokutyala kuyo:
- Umngcipheko wentengiso: Inye inxulunyaniswa nokwehla kwiimarike zemali.
- Umngcipheko wetyala: Kusenokwenzeka ukuba elinye lamaqela kwisivumelwano asithathi uxanduva lwalo.
- Umngcipheko wotywala: Ngulowo uthatha ukuba elinye lamaqela kwisivumelwano akanakho ukufumana ityala elifanelekileyo lokuthatha uxanduva lwalo nangona lineeasethi zokwenza njalo.
- Umngcipheko wokusebenza: Ngumngcipheko ocingelwa ukubakho kwelahleko yemali ebangelwe kukusilela kwiinkqubo, abantu, iinkqubo okanye itekhnoloji, kunye nezinye iziganeko ezingalindelekanga.
Isebenza njani iNgeniso eLungisiweyo?
Ukuze kubekho i ingeniso Kuya kufuneka uyazi kwangaphambili ukuhamba kwemali okuza kukhutshwa ngotyalo-mali. Ukuze oku kwenzeke, kufuneka ukuba babe notyalo-mali kunye neenkcukacha zembali okanye iindlela ezichanekileyo zokuxela kwangaphambili. Kule uhlobo lotyalo-mali Zonke ezo asethi zemali kunye nokukhuseleka okufana izibophelelo, amanqaku ezithembiso, amatyala kunye neebond. Wela kolu luhlu iinkqubo zokuqeshisa izindlu nomhlaba kunye neendlela zokonga njenge iiakhawunti zokonga kunye nokufakwa kwexesha.
Kulo kwimarike yemali, Phambi kokuba kwenziwe ukuthengiselana kwezixhobo zemali, uthethathethwano lwangaphambili luyafuneka ukuze kuvunyelwane ngemiqathango kunye neempawu. Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba ukufumana isixhobo esisisigxina somvuzo kufuneka sikulungele ukutyala imali eninzi, kuba ipesenti yembuyekezo incinci kakhulu, kuphela ngokutyala izixa ezikhulu zemali apho siza kubona inzuzo ebonakalayo kulondolozo lwethu.
La ngoncedo lwengeniso esisigxina kukuba inzuzo eyenziweyo isezantsi kakhulu kunaleyo yee-equities, kodwa ngexhamla enkulu yokuba umngcipheko wokuphulukana nayo yonke into okanye inxenye yeemali ezityaliweyo iphantsi kakhulu. Kungenxa yoko le nto kusithiwa kwifayile ye- umvuzo ozinzileyo kwinqanaba lokungaqiniseki Kuyinto encinci, kuba ipesenti elindelekileyo yenzuzo yayisaziwa ngaphambili kwaye ukuhla nokutshintsha koku phantse akukho.
Ngokwesiqhelo Ingeniso esisigxina ixhomekeke kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo ukufumaneka kwemali. Kungenxa yoko le nto xa sithatha isigqibo sokutyala imali koku uhlobo lwezixhobo zemali Kufuneka sazi ukuba lutyalo-mali lwexesha elide. Oku kuluncedo kakhulu kwiinkqubo zokonga umhlalaphantsi okanye kwizicwangciso zepenshini.
Isebenza njani iNgeniso eguqukayo?
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubulungisa Yiyo eyenzeka kutyalo-mali apho imithombo yengeniso eya kuvelisa imisebenzi. Ezi zinokuphakama kakhulu okanye ziphantsi kakhulu, okanye nokuba zimbi, kuba zixhomekeke kwimiba eyahlukeneyo yezoqoqosho kunye nemicroeconomic, ezinje ngokusebenza kwenkampani, indlela yokuziphatha kwintengiso okanye uguquko lwezoqoqosho.
Eminye imizekelo ye Izabelo zizitokhwe, imali kunye kunye nezibophelelo eziguqukayo. Nangona kuyinyani ngokubanzi utyalo mali ukuvelisa inzuzo enkulu, kufuneka siqwalasele ukuba babonisa umngcipheko omkhulu. Utyalo-mali lwezabelo ngokufuthi luhlobo olufutshane noluphakathi Ukuze ubasebenzise kufuneka ube nengqondo ezinzileyo yokusebenzisa imali yethu ngononophelo.
La ii-equities zinenqanaba eliphezulu lokungaqiniseki, kuba idatha ye-microeconomic okanye i-macroeconomic data enokuthi ichaphazele ukukhula kwenkampani, kwaye ke, impumelelo yayo kwezorhwebo nakwezemali, ayaziwa. Ngokumalunga nexesha lokuhambisa le mveliso yemali, sifumanisa ukuba umzuzu ngomzuzu uninzi luyathengiswa ii-equities ezidweliswe kwimarike yemali. Olunye uphawu kukuba kolu hlobo lotyalo-mali sinokutyala nayiphi na imali, ukusuka kwixabiso elincinci ukuya kwixabiso elingaphezulu kwezigidi.
Ungalukhetha njani uhlobo lomvuzo olulungele thina?
Eli ligama elibizwa Umngcipheko-weNzuzo yokufumana inzuzo ekhankanya ukuba okuphezulu komngcipheko, kokukhona inzuzo inyuka. Ekuboneni kokuqala sinokucinga ukuba kule meko eyona nto isengqiqweni kukuba wonke umntu atyale kwimali engenayo eya kuthi ifumane inzuzo eninzi. Nangona kunjalo, umngcipheko isixelela ukuba amathuba aphezulu okuba utyalomali mali lonyamalala ngokupheleleyo. Kungenxa yesi sizathu sokuba abantu abaninzi bakhethe ingeniso emiselweyo, apho umngcipheko unguziro okanye uncinci kakhulu.
Enye into ekufuneka siyithathele ingqalelo xa ukhetha ifayile ye- isixhobo semali kuyintuthuzelo elize kuthi elowo kuthi asinike. Ukuba eyona nto ilungileyo kuthi kukuqiniseka ukuba siza kuba nenkunzi enkulu xa ixesha lotyalo-mali liphelile, kungcono ukhethe enye umvuzo ozinzileyo ekuvumela ukuba wandise imali ngokuveliswa komdla. Kule nkqubo singakulibala nangemali etyalwe ngemali siyiyeke ikhule yodwa.
Nangona kunjalo, abo bantu banolwazi olubanzi malunga nokusebenza kwe izixhobo zotyalo maliBanentuthuzelo yokuba nakho ukufumana isixa esikhulu semali ngexeshana elifutshane nje ukuba umsebenzi abawutyalileyo uphumelele. Aba bantu abayazi kuphela indlela yokukhetha abo Utyalomali oluza kuvelisa inzuzo ngakumbi, kodwa bayayazi nendlela yokusabela kumzuzwana we ukulahleka kwemali eyinkunzi ukuyiphumelela kwaye ufumane elona xabiso lilahlekileyo linokwenzeka.
Ngale ndlela sinokugqiba ukuba zombini iintlobo zotyalo-mali zinezibonelelo ezibonakalayo ngokwe- ukusebenza kunye nokuhlawula amatyala. Eyona nto iphumeleleyo kukuhlalutya imeko yezemali esizifumana sikuyo kwaye sithathe isigqibo sokuba into esiyifunayo kukutyala imali esingangxamelanga kuyifumana kwakhona imali xa siqinisekile ukuba izakuba ikhona, okanye Sifuna ukufumana imali eninzi ngexesha elifutshane sisazi ukuba oku kungakhokelela ekubeni siphulukane nayo yonke imali yethu, nokuba incinci okanye inkulu kangakanani.
Eyona nto icetyiswayo tyala imali kwizixhobo Zombini umvuzo ohleliyo kunye nengeniso eyahlukileyoPhanda ngokucokisekileyo umongo wonke ngaphambi kokuba uthathe isigqibo. Uninzi lwabatyalomali izixhobo zemali ezisisigxina Apho betyala khona ngendlela esesikweni kwaye ezinzileyo kwaye amaxesha ngamaxesha bathatha umngcipheko kwingeniso eyahlukileyo. Ukuba neephothifoliyo ezohlukeneyo kusinceda ukuze ikapitali yethu ingaxhomekeki ngokupheleleyo kwisixhobo esinye semali, ukuba nje sinalo ulwazi kunye namava ayimfuneko ukubeka emngciphekweni ukutyala ngobukrelekrele kwizixhobo zotyalo mali olulinganayo, sisazi ukuba kukho umngcipheko ekufuneka kuthathwa kwaye ube nesicwangciso sokusebenza kwimeko ukulahleka kwemali eyinkunzi.