Ukuqala konyaka kuzise ukunyuka kwexabiso lezabelo ezoyikise icandelo elihle labatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi. Kule meko, lixesha lokuba ucinge ukuba ingaba lixesha elifanelekileyo na lokutyala imali oyigcinileyo kwimeko yokungazinzi. Kodwa ukuze esi sicwangciso siphuhliswe ngokuchanekileyo kuya kufuneka ukuba uqonde intsingiselo yeli gama, engekhoyo kulwimi kwinxalenye enkulu yabasebenzisi. Kungenxa yokuba kuyinyani ukuba unako fumana imali eninzi Ngeli qhinga likhethekileyo lotyalo-mali, kodwa kukushiyela ii-euro ezininzi apha endleleni.
Uxinzelelo luveliswa xa zisenzeka Uqhushululu kwiimarike zezemali. Ukufikelela kwinqanaba lokuba akukho mkhwa ucacileyoEndaweni yoko, amaxabiso ezabelo aqhutywa ziimpembelelo zearhente yezemali. Apho ngokukhawuleza banokuphakama nge-5%, njengosuku olulandelayo iimarike zishiywe ngamandla afanayo okanye nangotyekelo olubonakalayo. Kubonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba ukungazinzi kuhleli kwiimarike zezemali. Inokuchaphazela ii-equities kunye nengeniso esisigxina okanye nakwezinye iimodeli.
Enye yeenzuzo ezinkulu zokutyala imali kuguquguquko kukuba ungasebenzisa ithuba le uninzi lweziganeko ezingathandekiyo yeemali. Ngale ndlela, ukunyuka okunyanzelekileyo akuyomfuneko ukwenza imisebenzi enenzuzo kwimarike yemasheya. Kwiminyaka emininzi le modeli yolawulo intsha yenziwe kwaye inamawaka amawaka abalandeli phakathi kwabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi. Nangona kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba usebenza njani kwezi meko zibalulekileyo. Kungenxa yokuba kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ungangena kwaye uphume njani kwiimarike zezemali. Nokuba yeyiphi na le: intengiso yemasheya, iimali, izinto ezingavuthi okanye isinyithi esixabisekileyo.
Ukunyaniseka: Isalathiso se-VIX
Ukusuka kule meko ngokubanzi yokungazinzi, enye yeendlela onokuthi ukhethe kuzo okwangoku kukutyala imali oyigcinileyo kwisalathiso se-VIX. Ayothusi into yokuba idume ngokuba yi uloyiko index ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezikhethekileyo. Kuba enyanisweni, phakathi nokudodobala kwezoqoqosho, ngo-2008, ngelixesha isalathiso semilinganiselo ye-equity equity e-United States sehle nge-50%, i-VIX yaxabisa ngaphezulu kwama-200%. Oku kunika ubukhulu bento emele abatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi.
Kungenxa yokuba ngelixa iimarike zentengiso ziwa, oko kubizwa ngokuba sisalathiso soloyiko kuxabisa kakhulu. Le yindlela esilisebenzisa ngayo nasiphi na isicwangciso-mali esisekwe kwinto eyi ukungazinzi kwiimarike zezemali. Kwaye ke oko kubandakanya intshukumo yokungazinzi okunamandla. Apho abatyali mali bakwimeko yokufumana imbuyekezo ephezulu kwizikhundla ezivulekileyo kwiimarike zezabelo. Ngaphezulu kwezinye izinto zobuchwephesha kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwesiseko.
Utyalomali kwiingxowa mali
Mhlawumbi eyona ndlela ilula yokuvula izikhundla ekungazinzini kweemarike zezemali kungale mveliso ibalulekileyo yezemali. Phakathi kwezinye izizathu kuba baqokelela le meko kunye nezinye iiasethi zemali. Ukuya kwinqanaba lokuvelisa iindlela ngeendlela ezininzi. Ngamanye amagama, ipotifoliyo yakho yotyalo-mali yenziwe zii-equity, ukungazinzi kunye nengeniso esisigxina. Ukuze ngale ndlela, ukhusele ukonga kwakho ngokudibanisa izinto ezahlukeneyo. Le yinto entsha enomdla eboniswe yimali yotyalo-mali esekwe kukungazinzi.
Akumangalisi ukuba ezi mali zikuvumela ukuba uthathe ithuba leemeko apho uhlala ushiya izikhundla kwimarike yemasheya. Ngokwehla okunyukayo kumaxabiso kwaye apho umahluko phakathi kweyona xabiso liphezulu kunye nelona xabiso lincinci lezabelo liphezulu kunesiqhelo. Uya kuba neenketho ezimbini kuphela, kwelinye icala, khetha ukurhweba kwemihla ngemihla. Kwaye kwelinye icala, khetha ingxowa-mali enikezela ezi mpawu zikhethekileyo. Nangona umngcipheko obandakanyekayo uphezulu kakhulu kunaleyo yeminye imodeli onokuyifumana kule klasi yeemveliso zezemali. Hayi ngelize, kuya kufuneka cinga ngayo ngaphezulu kokuphindwe kabini ngaphambi kokuba ubhalise.
Ukungazinzi ngokupheleleyo
Ezinye iimali ezihlangeneyo, kwelinye icala, zisekela isicwangciso-qhinga sotyalo-mali hayi kukwahluka kwepotifoliyo. Ukuba akunjalo kubunyani obucocekileyo nobunzima, ngaphandle kokongezwa kolunye udidi lweeasethi zemali nokuba zincinci kangakanani na. Ayilolize, ukuba ungantoni na kukuba uzisebenzise ngokufanelekileyo iingcebiso zezi iintshukumo ezinobundlobongela kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kungenangqondo. Ukuhlangabezana nale mfuno ikhethekileyo, abaphathi benze iimali ezizalisekisa le misebenzi kakuhle. Okwangoku azikho zininzi kodwa kuyo nayiphi na imeko ibango labatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi liyagutyungelwa.
Ukuziphatha kwabo kuyaphambuka kwaye kunokukhokelela ekubeni ugcine uthotho lwamathandabuzo ngexesha lokumiselwa ngokusemthethweni. Kuba banokuwa okukhulu xa imarike yemasheya inyuka ngamandla njengoko kwenzekile kule minyaka idlulileyo. Kodwa isiphumo esibuyela umva sikwabetha kakhulu ukusukela ukuba iimarike zezabelo zingena isigaba sokulungiswa okanye ubuncinci phantsi kwethambeka eliphantsi, ukuqhuma okuphezulu kwezi mali kubetha kakhulu. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinqanaba apho unokufumana khona imali eninzi kunye nabo.
IiKomishini zezi mali
Enye into ekufuneka uyivavanye ukusukela ngoku yinkcitho ezakuvelisela yona ezi mali zotyalo-mali. Ewe, ngesiqhelo zinwenwela ngakumbi kunabanye kuba iikhomishini zabo zikufuphi Amanqanaba angama-2%. Kwimeko nayiphi na into, ukungafani kwabo ngokubhekiselele kwi-equity equity kunye neengxowa-mali zomvuzo ezizinzileyo zibaluleke kakhulu. Oko kukuthi, ulawulo kunye nolondolozo lwayo luya kufuna umzamo omkhulu wemali ukusukela ngoku.
Ngaphandle koko, ayicetyiswa into yokuba unazo ngokwexesha elide: eliphakathi nelide. Ukuba akunjalo, ngokuchaseneyo, zisebenza ngakumbi ixesha elifutshane apho ungathatha khona ithuba lokuhamba kwezi ntshukumo zikhethekileyo. Okanye yintoni enye, yenzelwe imisebenzi ethile apho iimarike zesiko zityhafiswa kukungaqiniseki okukhulu. Ukukhonza kwezi meko njengendawo yokusabela kulo lonke utyalomali lwakho. Ngaphaya kweprofayili oyibonisa ngexesha ngalinye: ubundlongondlongo, ulondolozo okanye uphakathi.
Umngcipheko wale misebenzi
Kukwabaluleke kakhulu ukuba ubuxabise ubungozi onokuthi ubuthathe ngolu hlobo lokusebenza. Kuba ngapha koko, kuya kufuneka ucinge kwasekuqaleni ukuba ivelisa umngcipheko omkhulu kunezinye iimveliso yenzelwe ukutyala imali. Ngesi sizathu sichanekileyo akufuneki utyale yonke imali yakho ekhoyo. Hayi kangako, ukuba ayizukusebenza nenxalenye encinci yayo. Ukuze ngale ndlela ukhuseleke ngakumbi kwiintshukumo ezingafunekiyo ngabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi. Hayi ngelize, awujongene nayo nayiphi na ingxowa mali kodwa isekwe kukungazinzi. Kwaye oku kuthetha ukuba ineempawu ezichazwe kakuhle ukusuka ekukhuleni kwayo.
Ewe unokukhetha i ETFs ngokusekwe kule asethi yemali. Kodwa ngesithembiso esincinci ngoku. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba uya kuba neengxaki ezithile ukwanelisa le bango likhethekileyo unalo. Awungekhe ulibale ukuba ezi mveliso zezemali zingumxube phakathi kweemali zakudala zotyalo-mali kunye nokuthengwa kunye nokuthengiswa kwezabelo kwimarike yemasheya. Ngokulungileyo nokubi zombini iimodeli ezijolise kutyalo-mali. Nangona, njengeyona nto iluncedo kuyo, ibonisa iikhomishini ezikhuphisana kakhulu, zombini ngokubhekisele kwimali ngokwazo nakwimisebenzi yentengiso yezabelo.
Iinjongo zokuqwalasela
Ukuba uza kukhetha ukungazinzi njengomthombo wotyalo-mali kwiinyanga ezizayo, kububulumko ukuba uthathele ingqalelo ezinye izinto. Phakathi kwezi zinto zilandelayo
- Kuyimveliso esisiseko ngobuchule kuba ixhomekeke kwiimeko zemarike ezikhethekileyo.
- Abasebenzi njengemodeli yotyalo-mali esisigxina Ukusukela ekuphela kwento enokuthi iveliswe leli qhinga kukuba ulahlekelwe yimali engaphezulu kunakuqala ephakanyiswe kwingqikelelo yakho.
- Ewe ayisiyomali ethathelwa ingqalelo njengesiqhelo kwaye ke Iiparamitha zotyalo-mali ziya kwahluka kakhulu kuzo zonke iindawo zokujonga.
- Awunakukhetha ngaphandle kokuba ubenenye Inkcubeko yezemali banzi kunezinye iifomathi kutyalo-mali. Ukuba akunjalo, kungcono uyeke ukuzama kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezizayo.
- Kuzo zonke iimeko, awungekhe ulibale ukuba yimodeli yotyalo-mali leyo usebenzisa iindlela ezahlukileyo ukuphucula inzuzo. Ngeli thuba, phantsi kweemeko ezinzima kakhulu kwimarike yemasheya.
- Kuyinyani ukuba awunazo ezinye iindlela phi ukuze wenze esi sicelo, ekufuneka uhlalutye ngakumbi kuso isibonelelo semali sangoku.
Enye yeendlela zokugqibela zokusebenzisa ukungazinzi kukuqasha Ukuthengisa ngetyala. Oko kukuthi, xa ixabiso lezabelo liwela kwiimarike. Nangona le yenye yeemveliso ezinomngcipheko omkhulu kubo bonke abatyali mali. Ayothusi into yokuba ungafumana imali eninzi kodwa uphulukane nayo ngeentsuku ezimbalwa. Kuphela ziiprofayili ezinobungozi ezinomdla kuzo.