Uhlengahlengiso kumaxabiso eebhanki ezidwelisiweyo yinto exhaphakileyo kwezi ntsuku kwaye oko kukhokelela ekubeni la maxabiso abe yenye yezo amanqanaba asezantsi kule minyaka idlulileyo. Oku kutyhilwe yibhanki yotyalo-mali yamazwe aphesheya eCanada iRBC yeNtengiso. Ngokunciphisa amaxabiso adwelisiweyo eebhanki adweliswe kwisalathiso esikhethiweyo sezabelo zeSpain, Ibex 35
Isizathu soku kuhlaziywa kweembono zeebhanki zesizwe sisigqibo sokugqibela se-European Central Bank (i-ECB) yokugcina, ubuncinci, kude kube sisiqingatha sokuqala se-2020 inzala kumanqanaba akhoyo. Ngenxa yeli nyathelo, iifemu ezahlukeneyo ziye zahlaziya amaxabiso azo kwizinto zaseSpain. Phantse kuwo onke amatyala, ukwehlisa ixabiso ekujoliswe kulo kwaye kwezinye iimeko ngamandla amakhulu ekusikeni kwala maxabiso kwiimarike ze-equity.
Le meko ibangele uxinzelelo lokuthengisa yomelela kakhulu kwezi ntsuku. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba lonke ukhuseleko kwicandelo lebhanki elibalulekileyo lisezantsi. Ngokukodwa kuba ijolise kuyo yonke imigaqo yokusisigxina: imfutshane, iphakathi kwaye inde. Ngaphandle kwezilungiso ezinika amanqanaba afanelekileyo okulungisa izikhundla ukusukela ngoku. Kwimeko yezoqoqosho yamazwe aphesheya engathandeki kwaphela kwiminqweno yokhuseleko oludweliswe kwintengiso yesizwe eqhubekayo.
Ukuncitshiswa kwamaxabiso: i-Bankia
Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, elinye lamaxabiso angasebenziyo kakhulu athe aphuma kolu hlaziyo lwamaxabiso yi-Bankia. Apho, ayinakulityalwa ukuba abahlalutyi bebhanki yaseCanada banciphisa amaxabiso abo ekujoliswe kuwo ukusuka kwi-2,2 euro ukuya kwi-2,1 euro ngesabelo ngasinye. Ukuziqhelanisa nokucinga ukuba uhlengahlengiso kufutshane ne-5% kwaye ishiya ingenamandla okuhlaziya kwintengiso yemasheya kwinxalenye yesibini yalo nyaka. Akumangalisi ke ngoko ukuba izabelo ze-Bankia ziwile kwezi ntsuku zijikeleze i-4,5% kwikoteyishini yazo kwi-Ibex 35. Ukuba yenye yezona zinto zimbi eziqhube kakuhle kwezi ntsuku.
Ngeli xesha, kufuneka kwenziwe isilumkiso esikhethekileyo kunye neempahla zeli xabiso, ezinokuthi zithengise kunokuthenga. Phakathi kwezinye izizathu kuba iyabandakanyeka ekwehleni okuyingozi okunokukhokelela amanqaku 1,50 euro isenzo ngexesha elifutshane. Ayisiyonto inomdla ukuphuhlisa imisebenzi yorhwebo kuba ibonisa ukwehla kweeveki. Kwaye le nto ibonisa ukuba izakuqhubeka ukwehla kwiimarike zezabelo. Ngaphezulu kokunye ukuthathelwa ingqalelo kobuchwephesha kwaye mhlawumbi ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga izinto ezisisiseko.
I-BBVA, ukusuka kwi-9 ukuya kwi-5 euro
Ixabiso linciphise kakhulu kule minyaka idlulileyo, ilahlekelwe sisiqingatha sexabiso layo kwiimarike zezabelo. Kungenxa yokuba kunjalo, kwaye ngaphandle kweendaba ezivela kwicandelo, ezinye zazo ziyinyani. Umzekelo, inyani yokuba emva kokufumana ugunyaziso oluyimfuneko, iQela le-BBVA liyigqibile i intengiso eScotiabank ye-68,19% yayo kwi-BBVA Chile nakwezinye iinkampani zelizwe.
Ixabiso lentengiso lifikelela kwi-2.200 yezigidi zeedola. Umsebenzi uza kuvelisa inzuzo eyinkunzi eyi-640 yezigidi zeerandi kunye nefuthe elihle kwi-CET1 'egcwele ngokupheleleyo' i-capital ratio yeenxa zonke zeendawo ezingama-50. Kodwa nangona kunjalo, imeko yayo kwimarike yemasheya iyakhathazeka ngenene kwimidla yabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi abayibonileyo imali abayigcinileyo kwimarike yemasheya incitshiswe kakhulu. Nangona kungumnqweno wabo ukuba bangazifumana kwaye ubuncinci banciphise kakhulu. Kunye isivuno sesahlulo eyi-5,4% namhlanje. Ngokuhlawulwa okuzinzileyo nokuqinisekisiweyo minyaka le kunye nentlawulo kwi-akhawunti.
Izibonelelo zebhanki
Iibhanki zaseSpain zifumene inzuzo ene-3.538 yezigidi zeerandi kwikota yokuqala yonyaka-mali ka-2019, okuthetha ukwehla kwe-11,4% xa kuthelekiswa nelo xesha linye lonyaka ophelileyo. Ngokukhula kancinci kwephepha lokulinganisa, ukuphucuka okuncinci kwingeniso yenzala kunye ne ukunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza khange zanele ukoyisa iziphumo ezisezantsi ezifunyenwe ekusebenzeni kwemali. Kwimeko ephawulwe ngamazinga enzala asezantsi eYurophu, umvuzo wenzala opheleleyo unyuke nge-2,7% kude kube ngoMatshi kwaye wafikelela kwi-14.822 yezigidi zeerandi, ngelixa ingeniso epheleleyo evela kwiikhomishini yehle nge-0,5% ngeli xesha.
Ngelixa kwelinye icala, ayinakulityalwa ukuba ifayile ye- Umda opheleleyo wehle nge-1,2% kwiinyanga ezintathu zokuqala zonyaka kwaye ime kwi-20.896 yezigidi zeerandi, ikakhulu ngenxa yokwehla kweziphumo ezivela kwimisebenzi yemali kunye nokwehliswa kwezinye iziphumo zomsebenzi. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ibhalansi yomndilili inyuke ngaphezulu kwe-1,5% ngonyaka, iindleko zokusebenza zehle nge-1%, evumele umlinganiso wokusebenza kakuhle ukuba ugcinwe kwi-49,2%, phakathi kwezona zilungileyo kwinkqubo yebhanki iyonke Udibano lwaseyurophu. Apho izibonelelo kunye nemimiselo yokuncitshiswa kwempahla yexabiso inyuke nge-7,1% kwiinyanga ezintathu zokuqala zonyaka, ngelixa imbuyekezo kwi-equity (ROE) ime kwi-7,01%, xa kuthelekiswa ne-7,97% ehambelana nayo kwithuba elifanayo kunyaka ongaphambili.
Ukuqaqadeka kwabathengi kuyenyuka
Enye into ekufuneka ibonakalisiwe ngaphakathi kweli candelo libalulekileyo lemarike yemasheya yile inento yokwenza nobugwenxa babasebenzisi. Ngale ndlela, idatha icace gca xa kucacile ukuba umda wobugwenxa ibingaphantsi kancinci kwe-4% emva kokuncitshiswa kwesiqingatha sepesenti ngokubhekisele kwinqanaba lonyaka ophelileyo, ngenqanaba lokugubungela elilingana ne-67,4% yee-asethi ezithandabuzekayo, xa kuthelekiswa ne-68,7% kunyaka ophelileyo.
Ngelixa kwelinye icala, idatha yecandelo ikwabonisa ukuba Iidipozithi zabathengi Beme ngaphezulu kwe-1,4 yezigidi zeerandi, i-5,5% ngaphezulu kwe-Matshi 2018, ngoku emele ngaphezulu kwe-55% yeli phepha lilonke kwaye ivumela umlinganiso wemali mboleko kwiidiphozithi zigcinwe kwi-108%. Kwimeko yamazwe aphesheya, apho izibonelelo abazenzileyo ngeli xesha ziphantsi ngenxa yexabiso eliphantsi lemali. Kwaye oko kukhokelele kwinqanaba lenzala kwindawo ye-euro eyi-0%, oko kukuthi ngokungekho xabiso kwaye oko ngokungathandabuzekiyo kubunzima kwimida yokulamla yamaziko emboleko.
Icandelo ekufuneka liphetshwe
Akungabazeki ukuba ngeli xesha, imisebenzi enamaziko emali njengeyona ndawo ibalulekileyo kufuneka ithintelwe. Phakathi kwezinye izizathu kuba kuninzi okuphulukana nokufumana ngenxa yokwehla kwezantsi ukubonisa amaxabiso abo. Abokugqibela ukujoyina lo mkhwa sele Bankinter ukuba nangaliphi na ixesha inokushiya amanqanaba ee-euro ezingama-6 ngesabelo ngasinye. Kude kube nini kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo wayengoyena mntu unento elungileyo kwezobuchwephesha. Kodwa ngoku icamngca ngomngcipheko othile kwimisebenzi enokuthi ibe phezulu kakhulu ngokuthatha izikhundla.
Ngelixa kwelinye icala, kukwakho nokhutshelo lwemali oluvela kubatyali mali luye kwizikhuseleko ezisebenza njengendawo yokusabela ngamaxesha okungazinzi okukhulu kwiimarike zezabelo. Njengoko kunjalo kwimeko ethile iinkampani zombane ukuba uninzi lwazo zikwimo yokunyuka simahla. Yeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kubo bonke kuba sele benenkcaso yokubaluleka okukhethekileyo ngaphezulu kwezikhundla zabo zangoku. Ke ngoko, banokunyuka nangakumbi xa kuthelekiswa namaxabiso abo kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka.
Yilinde kunye neebhanki
Ngale ndlela, kuncinci okunokwenziwa ngeli xesha ngeebhanki ezidweliswe kwiimarike zezabelo. Ukuba akunjalo, isicwangciso-qhinga esisebenzayo kuphela linda, linda ulinde. Kuze kubekho utshintsho oluchanekileyo kwindlela eyanceda ukuvula izikhundla kule minyaka imbalwa izayo. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, inzala kwicala labatyali zimali abancinci nabaphakathi iyancipha kulo nyaka kwaye le yinto ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo xa kuphuhliswa isicwangciso sotyalo mali.
Kungenxa yokuba kuyinyani ukuba zimbalwa kakhulu izinto ezinokwenziwa kwicandelo lebhanki xa litshone kwindawo ephantsi kakhulu. Nangona kubonakala ngathi ayikachukumisi umhlaba kwaye amaxabiso asezantsi anokubonwa kunalawo acatshulwe kule nxalenye yonyaka. Ngale ndlela, awunyanzelekanga ukuba ubeke emngciphekweni imali nangayiphi na indlela. Yeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kubo bonke kuba sele benenkcaso yokubaluleka okukhethekileyo ngaphezulu kwezikhundla zabo zangoku. Ke ngoko, banokunyuka nangakumbi xa kuthelekiswa namaxabiso abo kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka.