Kwimarike yemasheya yaseSpain, kukho amaxabiso athi, ngenxa yokuba nemali ephantsi, engalandelwa izindlu zohlalutyo. Uninzi lwezi zindululo zotyalo-mali zivela kwistokhwe esincinci kunye nesincinci. Badlala ubunzima obuthile kwizabelo zamazwe. Ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba badityaniswe kwisalathiso sabo sesitokhwe. Inkqubo ye- Iikomityi ezincinci, apho iinkampani ezidwelisiweyo ezibonisa ezi mpawu zikhethekileyo nezichazwe kakuhle zidityanisiwe. Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi okungakumbi malunga nokuba zinjani ezi xabiso?
Ewe, kule klasi yeenkampani bacaphula Kwimalike yesitokhwe sikazwelonke uya kuba nakho ukuphucula utyalomali lwakho ukusukela ngoku. Ayisiyongxaki okanye ibhetele kunamaxabiso amakhulu esalathiso esikhethiweyo, kodwa ngokwahlukileyo. Kunye amathuba amatsha eshishini, kwaye ngubani owaziyo ngaphandle kweendlela ezintsha zokujongana nonyaka omtsha ngeenjongo ezintsha ngakumbi xa kuziwa ekusebenzeni kwakho kwizabelo.
Kule meko, ii-stock-cap stocks zidlala indima yokumisela kulo lonke utyalomali lwakho. Ngeempawu ezichazwe kakuhle kuwo onke amaxabiso. Kuya kufuneka ubazi ukuze imisebenzi iqhubeke nangakumbi iziqinisekiso zempumelelo. Ngokusebenzisa uluhlu olubanzi lwezindululo ezigubungela onke amacandelo emarike yemasheya kunye nenani elifanelekileyo leendlela zeshishini.
Ukutsala imali: zithini amaxabiso?
Iminqwazi emincinci yahlukile ikakhulu kwinto yokuba zimbalwa kakhulu izitokhwe ezihamba kwiimarike. Kwezinye iimeko phantsi kweemali ezingenangqondo. Ndinomdla omncinci kakhuluzombini kwicala labathengi nabathengisi. Ngale ndlela, ixabiso lesitokhwe kulula ukuliqhuba ngezandla eziqinileyo zeemarike. Ukusuka kweli nqanaba lomkhondo, inokuqwalaselwa njengexabiso eliyingozi ngokwenene kwimidla yakho njengomtyalomali omncinci nophakathi.
Ngezihloko ezimbalwa kakhulu banokuhambisa amaxabiso abo ngokuthanda. Ukongeza, babonisa ukungazinzi okukhulu kunolunye ukhuseleko. Ngamahla ndenyuka anobundlobongela kumaxabiso, ezinokufikelela kwiseshoni efanayo yokurhweba ngaphezulu kwe-5%. Kwezinye iimeko ezingaphezulu kwe-10%. Umahluko obanzi kakhulu phakathi kwamaxabiso aphezulu kunye neyona isezantsi. Ngenxa yolu phawu, zizindululo ezonwabela uqikelelo lwabatyali mali. Ilunge kakhulu ekusebenzeni rhoqo kwabarhwebi.
Elinye igalelo elenziwa lolu didi lwamaxabiso kukuba banovakalelo ngakumbi ekusasazeni amarhe malunga neenkampani zabo. Kwelinye icala, abayonxalenye yezindululo zabameli abaphambili bezemali. Kwaye abayonxalenye yepotifoliyo yotyalo mali eyenziwe ngabarhwebi. Ngale ndlela, uya kuba nolwazi oluncinci malunga nokuvela kwezi nkampani zenza eli qela lamaxabiso.
Usebenza njani kwezi nkampani?
Ukuba unqwenela ukusebenza nezi nkampani zidweliswe kwintengiso kazwelonke eqhubekayo, kufuneka uthobele imigaqo efanayo nexabiso elikhulu lesalathiso sikazwelonke. Nangona umahluko omncinci ekufuneka uwuthathele ingqalelo ukusukela ngoku. Eyokuqala yile azikhuthazwa kangako ixesha elide. Kukulungele ukuzilungisa ngokukhawuleza ngcono. Ukuthintela ngakumbi uloyiko kwizicatshulwa zakho.
Olunye uphawu olwahlukileyo kukuba iinkampani zalo ziyathandabuza ukuhambisa izabelo phakathi kwabanini zabelo. Ewe zikhona, kodwa ngokulinganayo ukuthetha izindululo zabo zincinci. Kwaye bayisasaza phantsi kwexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu. Ukuba ngeli xesha ungamazi kunokuba idlule kwi-5% kumanqanaba okwenziwa komsebenzi. Kukukhubazeka okuncinci abakubonisayo kwabona baninzi abatyali zimali kwiimarike zezemali.
Umahluko omtsha uvela kwinkxalabo yeenkampani ezinobunzima obuncinci kumacandelo abo. Ukubaluleka kwayo kwii-indices akubalulekanga kangako, ngaphandle kwezinto ezinqabileyo. Zonke zivela Imigca yeshishini ayinamandla agqithisileyo. Okanye nokuba isandula ukwenziwa. Amaxabiso abo asekwe ngakumbi kulindelo abalwenzayo kwiimarike endaweni yeeakhawunti zabo zeshishini. Ngenxa yoko, kumaxesha amaninzi ziye zahluka kakhulu ngokubhekisele kumaxabiso aphawula iikowuti zawo.
Zeziphi iindlela onokuzisebenzisa?
Ngeenkampani ezincinci zokufaka imali kuya kufuneka usebenze ngendlela eyahlukileyo okanye ubuncinci phantsi kwezinye iiparameter hayi ngokungqongqo njengakwinqanaba lokuqala lamaxabiso. Baza kufuna i Inkqubo eyahlukileyo xa usebenza ngala maxabiso. Kuya kufuneka unonophele kakhulu kwizicatshulwa zabo ukuze ungafumani ngaphezulu kwesimanga esinye ngexesha elilindelekileyo. Kwakhona, akufuneki ulahle amaxabiso abo phambi kwayo nayiphi na imeko ye-bearish eyenziwe. Ukuba kukho imfuneko, kuya kufuneka uthengise izabelo ngaphambi kokuba ushiye inxalenye yolondolozo lwakho kwimisebenzi eyenziweyo.
Kwelinye icala, kuya kuba yimfuneko kakhulu ukuba uvule izikhundla kwindawo esezantsi yebhanti apho ixabiso lezabelo lihamba khona. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, kufutshane kakhulu nemeko yenkxaso. Kodwa okoko la manqanaba ahlonitshwayo kwikoteyishini yazo zonke iiseshoni zorhwebo. Iya kuba sisixhobo esihle kakhulu kwimidla yakho. Ngenjongo onokuya kuyo ngokusemandleni kwindawo yokumelana kwayo. Akumangalisi ukuba sisicwangciso esiluncedo kakhulu sotyalo-mali esisetyenziswa zizo zonke iiprofayili zabatyali mali. Ngamathuba aphezulu okuba ungazifezekisa iinjongo zakho. Ayikho enye into ngaphandle kokufikelela kwiinzuzo ezinkulu kwimisebenzi nganye.
Enye yeentshukumo ezinokuba luncedo kakhulu kwimidla yakho kubandakanya ukuzama ukusebenzisa ithuba lokuphakama kwexabiso lakho. Yile nto ibizwa ngokuba zii-equities kwindawo eshushu. Uya kuba nakho ukuyibona le meko ikhethekileyo kuba ivolumu yokurhweba iya kwandiswa ngokubonakalayo. Ngokwenza oko kuthetha ukuba inzala yabathengi iya kuba phezulu kakhulu kunale yabathengisi. Yenza umqondiso ocacileyo wokuba iimarike zezemali zikunika zona ukuze ukhethe ukuthenga.
Uvavanyo olunokubakho
Ezinye zezi stocks zincinci zinamaxabiso aphezulu ekujoliswe kuwo kunexabiso langoku. Ngamaxesha athile ngezaphulelo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30%, Ngaphezulu kwezona zindululo zinoburharha. IVocento okanye iFarmamar yeminye yemizekelo efanelekileyo yesimo. Ngokukodwa ukuba ezi ntshukumo zihamba kunye nomkhwa kwii-indices ze-equity ezinokuthi zenzeke ngokukhawuleza. Awuyi kunqikaza ukuvula izikhundla phantsi kweemali ocinga ukuba zifanelekileyo, kuxhomekeke kwibhalansi ye-akhawunti yakho yokujonga.
Ezi sitokhwe ngokubanzi zezokugqibela ukuthatha iintshukumo zokunyusa kwimarike yemasheya. Kuba yindlela abatyali mali abayisebenzisayo ukwenza ukonga okunenzuzo. Kodwa lumka kakhulu, le meko ichaphazela onke amaxabiso ezi mpawu. Kodwa ngokuchaseneyo, abo bakwimeko engcono yokuthatha iintshukumo ezinobundlobongela ukuya phezulu. Nangona, kwelinye icala, baphila ixesha elifutshane. Unokuhlala iintsuku okanye iiveki ezimbalwa, ngaphandle kokuba i-uptrend yayo icacile. Kwimeko apho, banokuqhubeka ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Kodwa ngenxa yeso sizathu sinye, bakwadala nemingcipheko ephezulu ngenxa yokungazinzi okuphezulu abakubonisa rhoqo. Ke ngoko, eyona ndlela yokusebenzisana nabo kukuba ubazi kwaye ngawaphi amanani abawaphuhlisayo iveki neveki. Ayothusi into yokuba abanye babo benze ingozi eyingozi kwiimarike zemali. Ngenxa yoko unokuzibona ibanjwe kukudodobala okunamandla. Kwaye apho kunzima kakhulu ukuphuma kwizikhundla zabo. Yinto ekufuneka uyilindele ukuze ungafumani isimanga esibi ukusukela ngoku.
Ezinye iinkalo
Ukuba la maxabiso amancinci emarike yestokhwe saseSpain abonakaliswa ngento ethile, kungenxa yokuba bathambekele ekuphuhliseni iintshukumo zenkampani. Apho banokwahluka ngamandla amakhulu imeko yabo yangoku kwizicaphuno. Ngamahla ndinyuka amakhulu kuxhomekeke kwezi ziganeko. Ungazisebenzisela inzuzo yakho ngokwenza imisebenzi ekhawulezileyo kunye nemfutshane.
Ngayiphi na imeko, kwezinye iimeko babagqatswa bokungena kwicandelo lokuqala lemarike yesizwe. Ngokuphononongwa kwesalathiso esikhethiweyo esenziwa kwikota nganye yonyaka. Yenye yezinto ekufuneka uyivavanye xa uhlalutya eli klasi lamaxabiso achazwe kakuhle. Ngokubanzi ngalo lonke ixesha kusenziwa ezi ntshukumo, iimarike zezemali zifumana iindaba ngokunyuka okukhulu kwixabiso lezabelo zazo. Ngeepesenti ezahluka phakathi kwe-5% kunye ne-15%. Oko kunokuthathwa ngokuthenga okuthile ngexesha lezi nkqubo kwiifayile zesitokhwe.
Eyona nto ibaluleke ngakumbi kwisitokhwe esincinci sinyani kukuba abamkeli kakuhle ukwenza ipotifoliyo yabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi. Mhlawumbi njengakwimeko yakho. Apho bathanda khona izindululo zolwelo. Apho ungangena kwaye uphume kwindawo apho uluhlu lwezabelo zidwelisiwe. Ngokulula ngakumbi nakwiimali ozifunayo. Ngale ndlela, ukusebenza kulunge ngakumbi kwimidla yabo bonke abatyali mali.
Ukongeza, unezindululo ezininzi onokukhetha kuzo. Awuyi kuba neengxaki ezigqithileyo ukukhetha amaxabiso owathandayo. Ngawo onke amacandelo kunye neendlela zeshishini. Ukusuka kweyona mveli isisiqhelo ukuya kwi-avant-garde kunye nokwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha. Ngendlela eyi Idrowa yomthungi apho bahlala khona zonke iintlobo zeenkampani. Phantse akukho ngaphandle.