Ngokuqinisekileyo sonke sizibuze lo mbuzo, kuba ngumbuzo osisigidi ngokwedinga lokoqobo. Impendulo kukuba isixa siyahluka kwaye kuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezininzi. Ngokukodwa indlela i-ephemeral ichazwa ngayo ingqiqo yemali. Kwezinye izinto ezithandwayo, imali iyiyo igolide nesilivere. Bayibiza yonke enye into ngetyala.
Kodwa, ukuba ukhe wazibuza ukuba ingakanani imali ekhoyo emhlabeni, mhlawumbi ucinga ukuba impendulo yoku kufuneka ibe linani eliphezulu, nangona kunjalo, impendulo ayisiyondlwana iyanetha. Kweli hlabathi apho imali ibonisa kuphela ipesenti encinci yetotali, ke kufuneka siqwalasele izinto ezininzi ezinokusinika impendulo.
Okwangoku xabiso lemali Kumiselwe ukuthembela kwabantu kuyo, kungenxa yokuba isixa esikhulu semali esijikeleza eluntwini khange sikhutshwe ngoorhulumente belizwe kwaye ayixhaswanga ngoovimba bamazwe, kodwa malunga ne-90% yemali ejikelezayo. emhlabeni yimali leyo Iibhanki zabucala zorhwebo Zenziwe kwaye i-10% kuphela yimali kwiingqekembe nakwiibhili ezishiyiweyo ngokusemthethweni ngoorhulumente.
Imali emhlabeni
Ukwazi yimalini ekhoyo emhlabeniBekungayi kuba nakho ukwanela ukuthatha ingqalelo kwiimali ezahlukeneyo kunye namatyala akhoyo. Imali iyonke sisiphumo seemveliso ezahlukeneyo, enye yazo yimali. Imali ejikelezayo kunye nemali ebonakalayo efakwe kwiisefa zebhanki yaziwa ngokuba sisiseko semali. Isiseko semali sisixa esipheleleyo semali ekhoyo kwihlabathi.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zemali
Ukwazi nokwazi Imali iyonke emhlabeniKuyafaneleka ukuba uqwalasele imali esinayo yokugcina okanye ukukhangela iiakhawunti, iitsheki okanye iidiphozithi ezenziwe, oko kukuthi, imali efumaneka kwangoko. Olu hlobo lwemali lwaziwa njenge Imali eNcinci kwaye olu didi lukwabandakanya imali, elinye igama elaziwa ngalo nguM1.
Ukuba ukongeza kwi-M1 imali ngokufumaneka kwixesha elifutshane okanye eliphakathi, njengexesha eligcinwe, isiphumo siya kuba sisixa esikhulu kakhulu, esaziwa njenge-M2. Ukuba koku kongezwe i Ukudluliselwa kwemali okwethutyana, ukhuseleko ngaphandle kwezabelo, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimali yemarike yemali, ukuqala kule ndawo, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanya ezo sele zikhankanyiwe kwaye zinokwahlulwa ngokomsebenzi wobukho bazo, kunye nokunyaniseka kwemali Sithetha ngayo, kule ndlela sinokufumana kwi-M6 kunye neM7.
Isishwankathelo seemveliso zebhanki
Emva kokukhankanya konke oku, kuyaqondakala ngokucacileyo ukuba inzima kangakanani ubale yonke imali esehlabathini, kodwa uqikelelo lunokwenziwa. Kuqikelelwa ukuba zingaphezulu kwamashumi amathandathu amawaka amawaka ezigidi zeedola, ekukho kuzo iipesenti ezi-1 kuphela ezingamaphepha okanye iingqekembe, ngenxa yesi sizathu sinokucinga ngokubaluleka kweemveliso kunye amaziko ezemali alawula imisonto yezoqoqosho lwehlabathi.
Kula maxesha xa imfuno ibonakala naphina, ngakumbi kwi Icandelo le-macroeconomicsEzi fomula zekhredithi zihlala ziqwalaselwa njengemali kwaye kwezi ndawo igama elo liyasebenza kwezinye izinto nakwizinto ezintle. Ke ingxaki kuhlalutyo ayililo inani elikhulu le-zeros elongezwayo njengoko inkcazo isanda kwaye iba yinto engabonakaliyo, kodwa umxholo kunye neeparameter zenkcazo.
Kufuneka sithathe imarike yesilivere ibalwa ejikeleze i-14 yezigidigidi. Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyazi kukuba, ngokungafaniyo negolide, isilivere inezicelo ezimalunga ne-10 kwishishini lezonyango, elektroniki, njl. Kwakhona, kuqonde ukusetyenziswa kwayo njengemali yokwenyani. Imalunga nokuqonda ukuba ixabiso lezinyithi ezixabisekileyo, nokuba yigolide okanye isilivere, licinezelwe kakhulu amashumi eminyaka ziibhanki ezingoovimba, ngokuchanekileyo kuba imbali ibonakalisile ukuba kuphela kwemali ebaluleke, kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu, ziyiparameter ngokuchasene nezinto zakho zokungeniswa kwemali ekufuneka zibe namaxabiso afana ne-euro, idola, i-yen, iponti, ipeso, i-yuan, njl.
Ngokwexabiso le Iimali ezinkulu zenkampani Inqweneleka ngakumbi kuneNew York Stock Exchange, iApple. Ngeedola ezingama-616 zeebhiliyoni, sinako ukukhupha ngokupheleleyo malunga ne-Anglo trillion.
La Ityala lehlabathi uthathe inyathelo elibalulekileyo, kuba oku kungenxa yetyala elizimeleyo ngohlobo lweebhondi zikazwelonke, iyonke le yi- $ 199 ye-AT eyafunyanwa yenziwa ngaphandle komoya omncinci emva kwengxaki ngo-2008. Oku kuthetha ukuba, Isithuba seminyaka esi-8, umhlaba ufumene ityala elongezelelweyo elilingana namaxesha angama-94 kwixabiso lentengiso le-Apple.
Ukutsiba kobungakanani
Kulapho i ubalo-mali lwehlabathi ithatha i-somersault, njengoko inyukela kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezibaxwayo, ezizizixhobo ezivela kwezinye. Babaluleke kakhulu ngenxa yobuninzi babo be-1.2 yee-quadrillion. Elingana phantse nama-apile angama-2 XNUMX.
Ezi ziphumo kuthiwa zenziwe njengesixhobo sokulwa umngcipheko wezezimaliKodwa ngokutsho kwabahlalutyi abaninzi, isiphumo esichaseneyo siye saphunyezwa, oko kukuthi ukwandisa umngcipheko. Ngapha koko, izixhobo zemali zentshabalalo enkulu bubungqina boku kwaye, nangona kuyinyani ukuba benza iseti esidibanisa no-zero, iintlekele ekuya kuthi ekugqibeleni bazibangele phakathi kwabantu abangcakazayo, ngokuqhuma, phakathi kokusesikweni. kunye nabaphumeleleyo abaphoxekileyo, abo iqabane labo lingakwazanga ukulihlawula. Ekugqibeleni, wonke umntu uphela eyilahleko.
Indlela elula yokwenza inkcazo iya kuba yile inkqubo yebhanki Ilizwe ngalinye elinalo, kukho abantu kunye neenkampani ezinemali abacwangcise ukuyifaka kwiibhanki, ngohlobo lokujonga iiakhawunti, iidipozithi zexesha, iibhanki zokonga, njl. Xa umntu efake imali ebhankini, le mali ayinakugcinwa kwigumbi elingasentla ngonaphakade, elinde loo mntu ukuba ayikhuphe ngenye imini.
Ngokuchasene noko, okwenzekayo kukuba ibhanki iyakusebenzisa loo mali ukuyiboleka abanye abeza kubo faka isicelo semali-mboleko. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka uyigcine okanye uyigcine ipesenti ethile kuloo mali ibekiweyo, ukuba umxhasi unqwenela ukuyikhupha nanini na. Ipesenteji inokwahluka ngokwamazwe, kwaye isekiwe yibhanki engundoqo yelizwe ngalinye ukuba iibhanki zabucala zinoxanduva olubandakanya ukugcina i-10% yedipozithi njengendawo yokugcina, naxa umntu efaka i-10 lamawaka eedola kwi ibhanki, le bhanki kufuneka igcine iwaka leedola kwiibhili ngaphakathi kumagumbi ayo kwaye ezinye zingasetyenziselwa ukuboleka abanye ngohlobo lwekhredithi.
Le nkqubo isebenze ngale ndlela ngenxa yokuba nokwenzeka kwabo bonke abathengi rhoxisa imali yakho kwangaxeshanye isezantsi kakhulu, yiyo loo nto ke ukuba kukho abathengi abali-100 ebhankini benomyinge wama- $ 2 ofakelwe umntu ngamnye, kuyakubakho imali eyi-200 ebekiweyo, ukuze ibhanki ibenoxanduva lokugcina Iipesenti ezili-10, ezilingana ne- $ 20, ngelixa enye, eyi- $ 180, inokusetyenziselwa ezinye iinjongo, njengokuboleka abanye abantu.
Umzekelo, masithi i umthengi ufaka isigidi seedola ebhankini, ibhanki ekhankanywe ngasentla inokusebenzisa ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-90 zeedipozithi zabaxhasi ukuba zibolekwe kwabanye abasebenzisi, kule meko inokuba ngama-900 amawaka eedola. Ngoku cinga ukuba omnye umntu ufuna imali mboleko eyi- $ 200 ukuthenga indlu, omnye umthengi ufuna i-300 yeedola ukuvula ishishini elitsha, kwaye omnye umntu athathe imali mboleko ye- $ 400 yokuthenga indlu. Kuba ibhanki ine- $ 900 kuphela ukusuka kwiidipozithi zabathengi bokuqala, inokunika bonke abantu abathathu.
Kodwa, ibhanki ayizukunika i-900 lamawaka eedola ezinkozo kubaxhasi bayo, kodwa endaweni yoko yongeza kwiakhawunti yakho yebhankiOku kuthetha ukuba imali yenziwe ngokulula ukusuka ekuqaleni, linani nje elikwindawo yokugcina iiakhawunti zebhanki. Ngesi sizathu, isigidi seedola esasifakwe ekuqaleni siyakuhlala singekho kwimali eziinkozo, kuphela ngenkqubo yogcino lwamaqhekeza, ibhanki iya kuba nelungelo lokuyila inani ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-90 zetotali egcinwe ikheshi. Ngale ndlela, i-900 lamawaka eedola ziya kongezwa kwinkqubo yezemali.