Los intlekele yendalo kunjalo, ngelishwa, ngakumbi nangakumbi kwixesha lethu. Uninzi lweedolophu ezisemngciphekweni kakhulu zikwimimandla eselunxwemeni, nto leyo ibenza babe sesichengeni sezikhukula, iitsunami kunye nenyikima. Ezi ntlobo zeentlekele zitshabalalisa ubomi bomntu kunye nophuhliso lweziseko noqoqosho.
Inkampani yeinshurensi yaseSwitzerland I-Swiss Re uqokelele uluhlu lweedolophu ezilishumi zehlabathi ezisongelwa kakhulu ziintlekele zemvelo ezahlukeneyo. Ikwahlalutye nefuthe elinokubakho kubahlali bendawo nakuqoqosho ngokubanzi. Uluhlu lwezi ndawo zezi zilandelayo:
1.- iTokyo-Yokohama
Abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-37 bahlala kwidolophu yaseTokyo naseYokohama. Rhoqo ngonyaka baphantsi kwesoyikiso esivela kwiitsunami, iinyikima kunye nezikhukula. Zombini izixeko zibekwe ecaleni kweRingi yoMlilo, esona siphoso sisebenzayo kwintshona yePasifiki. Ukuba liziko loqoqosho lwaseJapan, nayiphi na intlekele enkulu yendalo iya kuthi, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ibe neziphumo ezibi kwezoqoqosho. Ngo-1923 inyikima enkulu yaseKanto yabulala abantu abayi-142.000 kwikomkhulu.
2.- eManila
Kunyaka ophelileyo iNkanyamba uHaiyan yabetha kakhulu iiPhilippines. Intshabalalo ebangele ukuba ilizwe lonke libhengezwe njengeyona ndawo ithambekele kwiintlekele zemvelo. Idolophu elikomkhulu iManila ijongene neenyikima, izikhukula kunye neenkanyamba. Umonakalo wezoqoqosho esi sixeko sihlala usokola kuwo mkhulu kakhulu, ngakumbi ukuba sithathela ingqalelo uqoqosho esele lukho kwimeko yesiqithi sasePhilippines.
3.- IPearl River Delta
Indawo yayo edolophini, ebandakanya iHong Kong, iShenzhen, iDongguan, iMacao kunye neGuangzhou, malunga nezigidi ezingama-43 zabantu, lelinye lamaziko amakhulu kwezoqoqosho e-China. Lo mmandla wonke uphantsi kwesoyikiso esivela kwisaqhwithi, iinkanyamba, iinyikima, iinkanyamba nezikhukula. NgoSeptemba 2013 abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezithathu bachaphazeleka kwiNkanyamba u-Usagi.
4.- Osaka-Kobe
Izaqhwithi, izikhukula, kwaye ngaphezulu kwako konke, iinyikima zezona ndawo ziphambili eziyintlekele yendalo ezinokuchaphazela lo mmandla waseJapan. Ngokuchanekileyo ngo-1995 inyikima enkulu yabulala abantu abangaphezu kwamawaka amathandathu. Ngokukwanjalo, imimoya ephezulu kunye neenkanyamba ezibetha kule ndawo yelizwe zinokuvelisa amaza amakhulu. Indawo yedolophu enkulu yakhelwe kwithafa eliselunxwemeni, elonyusa kuphela umngcipheko.
5. - eJakarta
I-40% yedolophu yaseJakarta imi ngaphantsi komphakamo wolwandle, ngenxa yoko izikhukula zingumngcipheko ocacileyo wale ndawo. Inyaniso yokuba ikufutshane nesiphoso kwaye kwisitya esisicaba somhlaba othambileyo yenza ukuba ibe lula kwiinyikima. Ngo-2004 inyikima kunye ne-tsunami e-Aceh ezikufuphi zabangela ukonzakala okungaphezulu kwe-170.000 kwikomkhulu lase-Indonesia. Iingcali sele ziqikelele ukuba iJakarta izakufumana inyikima enkulu kwixa elizayo.
6.- uNagoya
Esi sixeko saseJapan sikwindawo ephambili yomngcipheko kwi-tsunami ePacific. Ichaphazela abantu abazizigidi ezibini ezinesiqingatha kwaye zombini izaqhwithi kunye neemvula ezinkulu azisweli minyaka le. Ngo-2000 abantu abangaphezu kwama-45.000 kwafuneka basuswe xa uNagoya ehlaselwa yenye yezona zikhukula zinamandla kumashumi eminyaka. Ukongeza, njengakwiJapan, umngcipheko weenyikima uphezulu kakhulu.
7. - ICalcutta
Isixeko esikwimpuma yeIndiya, ukuphuphuma okunokwenzeka koMlambo iHugli kunokubeka emngciphekweni abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezilishumi. Kwelinye icala, kukho umngcipheko wezaqhwithi kunye neetsunami ezibetha kunxweme olusemantla ntshona eIndiya, ezinokuchaphazela abantu abamalunga nama-600.000. Amakhaya abekekileyo ahlala kuwo uninzi lwabemi anokutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo ngokufika kwenye yezi ntlekele zendalo.
8. - iShanghai
Kule dolophu yaseTshayina umngcipheko ophambili unento yokwenza nezikhukula (njengezinye iindawo zelizwe). IShanghai sisixeko esiphantsi kakhulu. Ngaphezulu kweshumi elinanye lesigidi samakhaya abo anokuchaphazeleka ukuba uMlambo iYangtze wawunokuphuphuma. Kodwa ikwasesichengeni senkanyamba ezifika zisuka kuLwandle lwase China lwaseMpuma kwaye zibangele uqhwithela olukhulu. Ngabemi abaninzi kangaka, iziphumo zoqoqosho zentlekele yendalo apha ziya kuba zibi.
9.- eLos Angeles
Esi kuphela kwesixeko e-United States esifumaneka kolu luhlu. Ifumaneka kwimpazamo yaseSan Andrés, ibhenceke kakhulu kwiinyikima. Sele ihlupheke uninzi lwayo, ngakumbi enye ye-6,7 kwisikali se-Richter esenzeka ngo-1994 kwaye sabangela ukubhubha kwabantu abangama-60. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje kuye kwafuneka ukuba anyamezele inani lezikhukula.
10.- iTehran
Idolophu enkulu yaseIran ihleli ichanekile kuyilo lwendalo, ngakumbi iinyikima, njengoko ibekwe kwimpazamo yaseNyakatho yeAnatolia. Kuqikelelwa ukuba bangaphezulu kwesigidi abantu abanokutshabalala ukuba intshukumo yenyikima enkulu ibichaphazela esi sixeko. Inyikima enkulu yokugqibela eyabetha apha yayingo-1830, kodwa ukusukela ngoko imithetho yayo yokwakha ayikhange iyisombulule ngokupheleleyo le ngxaki.