Enye yeeasethi eziyimali eziye zavuselelwa kwiphothifoliyo yotyalo-mali ukusukela ngoMatshi yioyile. Ukuza kuthi ga kule mihla ikamva lale mveliso eluhlaza ithengiswa kumanqanaba aphakathi kwama-30 nama-33 eedola umphanda. Ayinakukhutshelwa ngaphandle ukuba ukusukela ngoku ukuya phambili, ukuba ixabiso liqale ukunyuka okuphezulu, ingaqala idlule isithintelo esineedola ezingama-35. Ukuze ukusukela ngalaa mzuzu uye phambili, inokusebenza njengokuxhathisa. Kwimeko enokuthi ithathelwe ingqalelo njengenye yeemeko ezinokuphakanyiswa ukususela ngoku ukuya phambili kule asethi ibalulekileyo yezemali.
Kwelinye icala, kwaye njengenye imeko enokuthi ivele kwi-oyile ekrwada, ukuba, ngokuchaseneyo, intshukumo eya ezantsi eyaqala ekupheleni kwale kota yokuqala yonyaka iyaqhubeka, ayinakukhanyelwa ukuba ekugqibeleni umphanda . Ukuba yimeko yokusebenza ngeoyile ekrwada kuba izicwangciso zotyalo-mali ziya kuba nzima ngakumbi ukwenza ukuba imali eyinkunzi ifumaneke kolu luhlaza yamkelwe ngokubanzi phakathi kwabatyali mali. Ke ngoko, akukho mathandabuzo ukuba yakhe fKwixesha elizayo kuya kuba nzima ngakumbi ukusebenza kwiintshukumo zayo, ubuncinci kwinto ebhekisa kwixesha eliphakathi kwaye ngakumbi elifutshane. Akukho ndawo yempazamo, kuba amandla ayo okunyuka okanye ukunyuka aya kuba ngaphezulu kokuxabiseka kule meko enokuqwalaselwa ngoku.
Ayibalulekanga kangako into yokuba ukungazinzi kwixabiso leoyile ekrwada kuyinyani kwaye kufuneka sizazi ezi ntsuku. Kungenxa yokuba enyanisweni, inokuya phezulu kwaye kwelinye icala kulula kakhulu kwaye ke kukho ii-euro ezininzi ezisemngciphekweni wokusebenza kwayo. Kunye nokuhla kwexabiso kumaxabiso ayo aphezulu kakhulu kunezinye ii-asethi zemali ezifanelekileyo, njengokuthenga kunye nokuthengiswa kwezabelo kwimarike yemasheya. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba intengiso yeoyile igcinelwe kuphela abatyali mali ababonelela ngemfundo enkulu kwimisebenzi yabo. Kwaye ayinguye wonke umntu onolu phawu luxabisekileyo kwihlabathi lotyalo-mali.
I-Petroleum, iWest Texas ephakathi
Ngamaxesha angaqhelekanga ngokwenene okutyala imali kwioyile. Njengokuba i-gymnastics yentengiso ayonelanga, ixabiso le-US ekrwada-okanye ubuncinci ikhontrakthi yenyanga yokuqala-yayingalunganga ngo-Epreli, hayi ngexabiso elincinci. Ngezantsi, iWest Texas yoPhakathi ithengise ngaphantsi kweedola ezingama-37 ezimbi. Ngelishwa, ukuba ungumtyali mali wevenkile, kukho imida kwindlela onokuthi uzuze ngayo koku. Awunakho ukuvela kwiindawo zokugcina eCushing, e-Oklahoma, kwaye uhlawulwe i-37 yeedola umphanda ukuze ulayishe ilori yakho ngeoyile, emva koko ulahle ngokukhawuleza imiphanda ecaleni kwendlela xa uqhuba ugoduka nomvuzo wakho.
Ukuba ungumtyali mali weziko okanye umrhwebi weoyile osemthethweni kunye nomthamo osemthethweni wokugcina kunye nokuhamba, ungagcina izinto ezingekho mgangathweni ngamaxabiso anamhlanje, uzithengise kwiimarike ezizayo kwiinyanga ezimbalwa, kwaye wenze imali. Kodwa abanye bethu kufuneka bafumane ubuchule obuncinci kwindlela esilondoloza ngayo ioyile. Namhlanje siza kujonga izinto ekungafanelekanga ukuba zenziwe kunye nezinto ongazenziyo ukubonisa indlela yokutyala imali kwioyile ngendlela elungileyo.
Musa ukuthenga ii-ETF zeoli
Ewe kunjalo, isicwangciso esihle sotyalo-mali asikukuthenga i-ETF yeoyile ngaphandle kokwazi ukuba uthenga ntoni. Ngale ndlela, kufuneka kugxininiswe ukuba iNgxowa-mali yeoyile yaseMelika (iUSO, $ 2,57) inokuba yeyona ngcamango yotyalo-mali imbi kakhulu kwimbali yezemali. Kwaye asinakulibala ukuba esi sixhobo sikhethekileyo sotyalo-mali besingakhange sakhiwe kakubi njengoko sibonakala sinjalo kwasekuqaleni.
Awunakho ukuthenga nokubamba izinto ezininzi, ngaphandle kokumbalwa, njengegolide kunye nezinyithi ezixabisekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ayisebenzi, ngoko ke nabani na ofuna ukufumana ibhasikidi yeemveliso uya kwenza njalo kwiimarike ezizayo. Kodwa ikhontrakthi yexesha elizayo yahluke kakhulu kwisitokhwe.
Kubaqalayo, ikhontrakthi yexesha elizayo inomhla wokuphelelwa. Igunya le-USO yayikukuthenga ikhontrakthi yeoyile ekrwada yenyanga engaphambili kwaye uyihlaziye rhoqo yakuba iphelile. Umzekelo, uya kubamba ikamva likaMeyi kude kube kuphelelwa lixesha, emva koko uqengqele ikamva likaJuni.
Kukho ingxaki enkulu kuloo nto. I-oyile ekrwada ibirhweba "ngendawo" uninzi lweshumi leminyaka elidlulileyo. Xa imarike "ibala", iikhontrakthi zexesha elide ziphezulu kunezo zexeshana. Ukuba oko kuyadida, cinga ngemeko yeoyile namhlanje. Akukho mntu ufuna ioyile namhlanje kuba kukho imfuneko encinci yeentlungu zokugqibela. Ke ngoko, amaxabiso asezantsi (okanye akalunganga).
Kodwa kukho imfuneko yeoyile kwixa elizayo, ke amaxabiso asephezulu ukuba ufuna ukuhanjiswa ngeenyanga ezintandathu okanye njalo.
Izivumelwano ezibiza kakhulu
Kwimeko ye-USO, ingxowa-mali ibisoloko iqengqeleka isiya kwizivumelwano ezibiza kakhulu, kuphela ukuzithengisa njengoko zisondela ekukhuleni. Ngamanye amagama, kwimarike yemali, i-USO iyakutshiswa inyanga nenyanga, yenze imali encinci xa amaxabiso eoyile enyuka kwaye ilahle ngaphezulu xa amaxabiso esihla.
I-USO sele kufuneka itshintshe igunya lotyalo-mali lwayo izihlandlo ezininzi kutshanje ukulungisa ezi mpazamo, ixesha ngalinye isandisa ukubonakaliswa kwesivumelwano sayo kwikamva. La ngamanyathelo kwicala elifanelekileyo, kodwa kunzima ukucebisa ingxowa-mali egcina isicwangciso sayo sotyalo-mali rhoqo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.
Ukuba unyanzelisa ukudlala imarike yeoyile kunye nee-ETFs, jonga iNgxowa-mali yeoyile yase-United States yeenyanga ezili-12 (USL, $ 10,35). Yandisa ipotifoliyo yakho ngokulinganayo kwiinyanga ezili-12 ezizayo zeekhontrakthi ezizayo. Awusindisi ngokupheleleyo umba wemali, kodwa ayizukubingelelwa ngokupheleleyo ngenxa yayo njenge-USO. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kulo nyaka, i-USL ilahlekelwe ngama-55% ukuya kwi-80% yelahleko kwi-USO.
Intengiso eSaudi Arabia naseRussia
I-United States ayizukuyeka ukumpompa ioyile ngokupheleleyo kwaye iyakuyeka ukuthengisa eSaudi Arabia naseRussia. Ayizukwenzeka lonto. Kodwa kuyakubakho intshukumo, kwaye sele isenzeka. I-Whiting Petroleum (i-WLL) yafaka isicelo sokungabinamali ngo-Epreli 1, ngelixa iDiamond Offshore yenze njalo nge-27 ka-Epreli. Abayi kuba ngabokugqibela. Uninzi lwezona sitokhwe zisebenza gwenxa kule minyaka ili-11 idlulileyo zikwicandelo lokuhlola amandla kunye nemveliso. Oovimba abaninzi beoyile kunye negesi banokujamelana nemeko efanayo neWhiting kunye neDiamond Offshore.
Ukuba ufuna ukuthelekelela, ewe, yiya. Ukudutyulwa kwenyanga kunokuba sisenzo esifanelekileyo ukuba uthi, uzama ukufumana indlela yokutyala imali yokujonga imeko yakho. Qiniseka nje ukuba ubeka emngciphekweni kuphela imali onokufikelela kuyo.
Gxila kumgangatho kunye 'neencopho'
Basenokungacebisi ekuqaleni, kodwa iindlela zokutyalomali ezihlanganisiweyo yeyona nto ukubheja kwakho kukufumana kwakhona ixesha elide kumaxabiso ombane. Ezi mega-cap energy reserves zinamandla emali kunye nokufikelela kwinkunzi ukuze zisinde kwimbalela ende yamandla. Ubunzima bokwenyani bezemali abubonakali kungekudala. Okwangoku, isitokhwe siyarhweba kwisithuba seminyaka elishumi.
Cinga nge-Exxon Mobil (XOM, $ 43.94). Izitokhwe zithengisa namhlanje ngamaxabiso aqala ukubonwa ngo-2000 kwaye avelisa i-8.0%. Ngokuxhomekeka ekubeni amaxabiso ombane ahlala ebuthathaka, i-Exxon inokukhetha ukunciphisa isahlulo sayo kwinqanaba elithile kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo. Asinakukulawula oko. Kodwa ukuba uthenga isitokhwe ngamaxabiso aqala ukubonwa kwiminyaka engama-20 eyadlulayo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba umngcipheko kufanelekile ukuba uwuthathe.
Enye yezi nkampani, i-DRM (i-CVX, i-89.71 yeedola) ikwimo engcono yezemali kune-Exxon kwaye incinci amathuba okunciphisa.
Utywala kwiimarike
Imakethi yeoyile inokubonakala ngathi iyishelufu yokugcina ivenkile, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba abatyali zimali kufuneka bathenge imiphongolo ngokungathi zizilekese zepasika ngaphandle kwexesha. Amaxabiso asemgangathweni axhokonxe umdla wabathengisi beoyile, abaye bafuna iingcebiso ngendlela yokubheja kwizinto ezingcolileyo. Bahlala bekwenza oku ngokutshintshiselana ngemali kunye neenkampani zeoyile, kuba ukuthenga ioyile yokwenene kuyabiza kwaye kunzima.
Kodwa iingcali zithi ngoku lelinye lawona maxesha anobungozi ukutyala imali kwioyile, inikwa isiphithiphithi esingazange sabonwa ngaphambili kwimarike eqhutywa yingxaki yecoronavirus kunye nokugqithisa.
Uphendlo lukaGoogle ngamagama anje ngala "indlela yotyalo mali kwioyile" kunye "nendlela yokuthenga izitokhwe zeoyile" inyuke ngoMvulo xa amaxabiso angcolileyo e-US ajika ababi okokuqala kwimbali, umsitho obalulekileyo obonisa ukuba abarhwebi babehlawula ukuze balahle izinto .
Umbono wokuhlawulwa ngokugcina umphanda weoyile unokuvakala unomtsalane kubatyali mali abaqhelekileyo. Kodwa abathengisi babezitshitshisa izivumelwano zexesha elizayo, okanye izivumelwano zokufumana imiphanda yeoyile eyayiza kufika ngoMeyi. Isivumelwano esisezantsi semigqomo eyi-1.000 42, nganye kuzo ineelitha ezingama-XNUMX zeoyile.
Izivumelwano zexesha elizayo
Oko kuthetha ukuba umntu obambe ikhontrakthi yexesha elizayo ngexabiso elibi ngoMvulo kulindeleke ukuba akhuphe loo migqomo ili-1.000 XNUMX kwindawo yokugcina, njengehabhu enkulu eCushing, e-Oklahoma. Ukuba abanakukwazi, baya kuhlala bekwixabiso leoyile kunye nenzala okanye ezinye izohlwayo ezibekwe ngumthengisi wabo, utshilo umrhwebi wentengiso.
Ukuthintela ukugcina iigaloni ezingama-42 zecrude ecaleni kwendawo yokucheba ingca, abatyali mali bemihla ngemihla banokuthenga izabelo kwingxowa-mali yorhwebo, okanye i-ETF, elandelela amaxabiso eoyile. Umzekelo odumileyo yiNgxowa-mali yePetroleum yaseMelika, ebotshelelwe kwixabiso lekhontrakthi yangoku ekrwada yaseNtshona Texas.
Enye indlela yokutyala imali kwioyile kukuthenga izabelo kwiinkampani zeoyile. Iingcali zithi ukubheja okukhuselekileyo ngabadlali abakhulu abanjengo-Exxon okanye i-DRM, abakwimeko engcono kunesininzi kwimozulu yesaqhwithi sangoku.
Kodwa ezo zenzo zinomngcipheko wazo, njengokutshintsha okukhulayo kwezithuthi zombane kunye nezinye izinto eziluncedo kwindalo esingqongileyo. Ukongeza, akwaziwa ukuba ukwehla kwexabiso kuyakuphela nini, njengoko ukuvalwa okunxulumene ne-coronavirus kugcina imfuno yeoyile isezantsi.
Isahlulelo kwicandelo
Ngamaxesha esiphithiphithi kwintengiso, elinye iqela labanini zimali abanokuthenjwa ngokukhula ngengeniso ethembekileyo yiDividend Aristocrats - iqela elineenkampani ezivelise ubuncinci iminyaka engama-25 ilandelelana yesahlulo.
Ngexesha le-2010s, ezi stocks zikumgangatho ophakamileyo zilinganise i-14,75% ngonyaka, zigqitha kwi-S & P 500 ngamanqaku eepesenti ayi-1,2. Isizathu esikhulu sokusebenza kweAristocrats zaMacandelo, ngakumbi ekuhambeni kwexesha, licandelo lezabelo eziphezulu kwimbuyekezo yabo.
Izifundo ezenziwa ngu-Standard & Poor's zibonise ukuba ngaphezulu kwesithathu sexesha elide ekubuyisweni kwestokhwe kuvela kwizabelo. Kwimeko yee-Aristocrats, uninzi lwazo ngokwesiko azinayo imbuyekezo entle yemali entsha. Kodwa abatyali mali abanamathela kubo ixesha elide bavuzwa ngokunyuka "ukubuya kweendleko" ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Iintlawulo ezinokuthenjwa zikwanceda ukwenza ukuba eli chibi lingabi semngciphekweni kuninzi lweesitokhwe. Umzekelo, ukungazinzi kwembuyekezo yeAristocrats yokwahlulahlula ngo-2010, kulinganiswa ukuphambuka okuqhelekileyo-umlinganiso wokuba amaxabiso asasazeke ngokubanzi okanye axineneyo xa kuthelekiswa nomndilili- wawungaphezulu kwe-9% ngaphantsi kwe-S & P 500.
Oko akubenzi ukuba bangabinakho ukubabanjezela kwintengiso. Inani lezahlulo zeeAristocrats ziye zanciphisa isaphulelo, zalahlekelwa yi-10%, iipesenti ezingama-20, kunye ne-30% yexabiso labo ukusukela oko kwaqala intengiso yebhere. Kodwa banikela ngaphezulu kwexabiso elifikelelekayo, banikezela ngexabiso lokwenyani, kokubini kwimbuyekezo ephezulu kunesiqhelo, nakwimeko yokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo nje ukuba imarike ibuye. Umzekelo, le nkampani ilandelayo siza kuyikhankanya apha ngezantsi:
I-AbbVie (i-ABBV, i-75.24 yeedola) ilindele ukuhlangana kwayo okungama-63 ezigidi zeedola kunye ne-Allergan (AGN) yokunciphisa ukukhula kancinci kweziyobisi zayo eziyimpumelelo uHumira. UAbbVie ekuqaleni wathi ukudibana, okuhlangabezana nokulibaziseka okunxulumene nokuvalwa kwe-coronavirus, kungadala ishishini elidityanisiweyo eliza kuvelisa ngaphezulu kwe-30.000 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi kwintengiso kulo nyaka, kunye nokukhula kwenani elinye kwikamva elibonakalayo. Apho kunyanzelekile ukuba uxinzelelo lokuba ingxwabangxwaba yezoqoqosho yangoku inokuthi inciphise olo lindelo kancinane.
I-AbbVie ivelisa iziyobisi kwizifo ezizimele, umhlaza, i-virology (kubandakanya i-HIV kunye ne-Hepatitis C), kunye nokuphazamiseka kwemithambo-luvo. Kwaye ngokwenene, elinye lamachiza e-HIV enkampani (Kaletra) liyavavanywa njengonyango lwe-coronavirus. Okwangoku, i-Allergan yaziwa kakhulu ngesiyobisi sayo se-Botox kunye nonyango lwamehlo olomileyo lweRestasis. Iinkampani zeWall Street ezinje ngeAllergan eyomeleleyo yokuhamba kwemali ehambelana neBotox, abakholelwa ukuba iya kukhulisa amathuba okukhula kwe-ABBV.
Umthwalo wamatyala emva kokufunyanwa uya kuba phezulu kwi-95.000 yezigidigidi zeedola, kodwa u-AbbVie ulindele ukunciphisa i-15.000-18.000 yezigidigidi zamatyala ukuphela kuka-2021, ngelixa eqonda i-3.000 yezigidigidi zeendleko zokusebenzisana ngaphambi kwerhafu. Ishishini elidibeneyo lenze i-19.000 yezigidigidi zeedola ekusebenzeni kwemali kunyaka ophelileyo.
Izabelo ze-ABBV zibonakala zinexabiso eliphantsi kuma-7,5 kuphela amaxesha oqikelelo lwengeniso yexesha elizayo, ethozamileyo xa kuthelekiswa nomyinge wembali wenkampani we-12 P / E ukuya phambili. Abatyalomali ekukhuleni kwesahlulo baya kuthanda iminyaka engama-48 elandelelanayo yokunyuka kwemivuzo ka-AbbVie; umyinge olondolozo lwe-48% yomvuzo obonelela ngokuguquguquka kokukhula kwesahlulo kunye nokwehliswa kwetyala; kunye neminyaka emi-18,3 yokukhula kwesahlulo se-6%. I-ABBV ikwayenye yezona ndawo zinezihlalo eziphezulu zeAristocrats emantla e-XNUMX%.