Amaxabiso enzala abumba umgaqo-nkqubo wamazwe okanye weendawo. Ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba linefuthe ngqo kubomi babemi. Ayothusi into yokuba zinxulumene kakhulu ne Ixabiso lemali. Okwangoku, amaxabiso enzala anokungalingani kokuvela kweAtlantic. Ngamanye amagama, bathathe iindlela ezahlukeneyo eUnited States nakwimanyano yaseYurophu, ezibini zezona ndawo zimeleyo zoqoqosho emhlabeni. Kwaye ngandlela thile, bafaka imeko yokuvela kweemarike zokulingana kwihlabathi liphela.
Ngokusisiseko, amaxabiso enzala yiyo emisela ixabiso lemali, ngandlela ithile okanye enye, njengoko uza kubona kweli nqaku. Kwimeko nayiphi na into, kulungile ukuba uqaphele ukuba zilungelelaniswe ngokwexabiso lentengo. Apho iindleko zobomi zithathelwa ingqalelo ukumisela ukuba zilungile okanye azinyusi. Imalunga ne- idatha yezoqoqosho Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kunemvelaphi emininzi kumacandelo oqoqosho. Kwaye oko kuye kwafumana ukubaluleka okukhethekileyo emva kwengxaki yezoqoqosho eyaqala ngo-2008.
Ukuze uziqonde ngcono, kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba inqanaba lenzala okanye inzala lixabiso lemali, oko kukuthi lixabiso lokuhlawulela ukusebenzisa isixa semali ngexesha elithile. Kubalulekile ukwenza nayiphi na intengiselwano yezoqoqosho. Njengomzekelo, ngexesha le funa imali mboleko yakho okanye ubambiso. Kodwa nokufumanisa inzuzo yokonga okanye iimveliso zotyalo mali. Ukusukela ngokuxhomekeka kwindaleko yabo, baya kunyuka okanye behle ngamandla omnye okanye omnye. Nokuba usebenze ngokungathathi ntweni, njengoko kusenzeka ngalo mzuzu.
Amaxabiso wenzala: iindlela ezahlukeneyo
Ngayiphi na imeko, owona mzekelo ubalaseleyo wokuchaza ukuba yeyiphi na inzala yokuya kula magunya aphambili emali ehlabathini. Ngale ndlela, iBhanki eNkulu yaseYurophu (i-ECB) ithathe isigqibo yehlisa ixabiso lemali njengefomyula yokusombulula iingxaki ezivela kubunzima bezoqoqosho. Oko kukuthi, ixabiso lemali kulo mmandla wezoqoqosho ngoku li-0%. Oku kuthetha ukuba iibhanki zisebenzisa inzala esezantsi kwimali mboleko efunekayo. Njengakwelinye icala. Kwenzeka ngeli xesha xa bewile kangange-7%.
Esinye isiphumo sesicwangciso-qhinga semali kwi-EU kukuba inzuzo yeebhanki kunye nemveliso yengeniso esisigxina yehla kakhulu. Ukuya kwinqanaba apho iidipozithi zexesha, amanqaku ezithembiso zebhanki okanye iiakhawunti ezihlawula kakhulu azisekho akunikezeli nzala nge-0,5%. Konke oku ngenxa yexabiso eliphantsi lemali kule ndawo yezoqoqosho. Njengoko sele ubonile, iziphumo zayo zahluke ngokupheleleyo kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno ozifunayo kwiziko lakho lezemali. Kodwa kuyo nayiphi na imeko, ichaphazela ubudlelwane bakho nehlabathi lemali.
Ukunyuka okuqhubekayo eMelika
Enye imeko eyahluke kakhulu yile yenzeka kwelinye icala leAtlantic. Apho amaxabiso enzala aya kunyuka ngokuqhubekayo kulo nyaka. Nangona ikwindlela ecothayo de ibe ikuluhlu olujikeleza phakathi kwe-1,50% kunye ne-2%. Sisigqibo esiza kwenziwa esivela ku Indawo yokuGcina waseMelika (FED). Ukuziqhelanisa nokwenza kuthetha into elula njengokuba inzuzo oyenzileyo ngemali oyongileyo iya konelisa kunangoku. Ngelixa ngokuchaseneyo, kuyakuxabisa ngakumbi ukuzixhasa ngemali ukusukela ngoku. Le yimeko eyenziwe kumandla oqoqosho lwaseMelika.
Njengoko sele ubonile, zimbini iimeko ezithi bonisa ukwahluka okubalulekileyo. Kwaye kwezinye unokuzuza ngelixa abanye isiphumo siyakuba ngokuchasene ngokupheleleyo. Ngengongoma efanayo kuzo zombini iindawo zoqoqosho kwaye oko kukuthi ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kubonakala ngathi kulawulwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwala manyathelo emali. Ngoba? Ngayiphi na imeko, ukusukela ngoku ukuya phambili uya kucaca kancinci kwisehlo senzala kwinqanaba lobutyebi. Ngaba ufuna ukuqinisekisa ezinye iilinki ezibaluleke ngokukodwa?
Kuxhomekeke kunikezelo kunye nemfuno
Enye into ekufuneka uyithathele ingqalelo ukucacisa ukubaluleka kwenzala isekwe kumthetho ongqongqo wokubonelela kunye nemfuno, ehlala ilawulwa ziimarike zezemali. Ngenxa yezi zenzo, isezantsi le nzalaImfuno enkulu yezibonelelo zemali, kwaye ngokuchaseneyo, iphezulu, isezantsi imfuno yezi zibonelelo zemali. Iya kuba yinto ephambili ukuphakamisa okanye ukunciphisa ixabiso lemali ngawo nawuphi na umgca wekhredithi.
Oku kuthetha ukuba unokufumana inzala yokhuphiswano ngakumbi okanye hayi kwikhredithi oza kuyimangalela ibhanki yakho. Kwaye kwelinye icala, ukuba imali oyigcinileyo ihlawulwe ngcono kunangaphambili kwaye unemali enkulu kwiakhawunti yakho yokonga. Njengoko sele ubonile, iqondo lenzala ayisiyiyo kuphela umahluko omkhulu kuqoqosho olukhulu, kodwa iyakunceda nolwalamano olugcinayo neziko lakho lezemali. Phantse kuzo zonke iimveliso zebhanki (iidipozithi zexesha, imali mboleko, izicwangciso zepenshini, iiakhawunti zokonga, njl. Ngeziganeko ezicacileyo kwimali yakho yobuqu nangaliphi na ixesha.
Akukho mahluko kwi-European Union
IBhunga lolawulo le-European Central Bank (i-ECB), kulo nyaka liceba uphononongo lokwehla kwamandla emali kunye nokukhula koqikelelo lwe-2018 kunye ne-2019, kuqikelelo lokuqala kunyaka ophelileyo kwaye yintoni emele ukuba azisayi kubakho ndaba kumgaqo-nkqubo wezemali kwi le ndawo ibalulekileyo yoqoqosho. Ngale ndlela, ukusuka kumzimba okhuphayo welizwekazi elidala ireyithi igcinwa kwi-0% Eyona njongo iphambili yokuqinisekisa ukuba iimeko zezimali zilungile.
Omnye wemigaqo-nkqubo yezemali enoburharha ngulo uphuhliswayo eJapan ukuzama ukukhulisa uqoqosho lwayo. Ukuze ngale ndlela, ibuyele kwindlela yokukhula eyayishiya kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo kwaye ikhokelele ekubeni yamkele imeko ekhethekileyo yezoqoqosho kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje. Ewe kule meko, i Ibhanki yaseJapan ithathe isigqibo ukusukela ngo-2016 yokunciphisa i-benchmark rate yayo, eyibeke kumhlaba ongalunganga.
Ungayisebenzisa njani inzala kwimarike yemasheya?
Ewe amaxabiso enzala anokukunceda ukuba wenze imisebenzi yakho ibe yinzuzo kwiimarike zezabelo. Ukusuka kwizicwangciso ezahlukeneyo onokuzisebenzisa ukusuka kula maxesha achanekileyo. Enye yezona zisebenzayo kukuvula izikhundla ngexesha lokunqunyulwa kwexabiso lemali. Ngokwesiqhelo iimarike zezemali zisabela ngovuyo olukhulu kwezi ndidi zemilinganiselo. Ngokuphononongwa okubalulekileyo kwii-indices zayo eziphambili zesitokhwe ngaphezulu kwexesha elide. Kwimeko ecacileyo yokungenakuphulukana nayo.
Enye yeenkqubo onokuzisebenzisa isekwe ekushiyekeni kwengxowa kwiintshukumo ezichaseneyo. Oko kukuthi, xa kukho ukunyuka kwamazinga okuqina okhethekileyo. Ngempendulo embi kakhulu kwiimarike zezemali. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba zinokukwenza ukuba ulahlekelwe yimali ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu. Kwelinye icala, awungekhe ulibale ukuba ezi ntshukumo tshatisa ukuhla zamasheya. Ke ngoko, ayingabo abahlobo abalungileyo bokuhamba ukwenza ukonga kunenzuzo. Awunakukhetha ngaphandle kokujonga ezinye iindlela zotyalo-mali.
Isicelo kwiimveliso zebhanki
Kwelinye icala, kufanelekile ukuba uyazi ukuba ikhula njani ngexesha lokuphila kwetyala, nokuba loluphi na uhlobo. Kule meko, inqanaba lenzala lihlala lihlala likho ngalo lonke ixesha lokuphila okanye lemali mboleko. Kuyazimela kwinqanaba lenzala yentengiso. Nangona ukuba ngelo xesha uza kumqesha kuba kuya kuxhomekeka kwimeko yakhe kwiimarike. Ngale ndlela, unokuthatha ithuba lokuncipha kwayo okanye, ngokuchaseneyo, nokunyuka kwexabiso. Kwimeko nayiphi na into, ibalwa ngokusekwe kumyinge wenzala yeenyanga ezidlulileyo. Ngokwesiqhelo yakho Ixesha lokuhlawula isusela kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ukuya kwiminyaka emi-3 okanye emi-4. Nangona kwezinye iindlela amaxesha anokwandiswa ngokukuko.
Iya kuba sisixa ekuya kufuneka uhlawule kuso iziko lemali ngokushiya kwakho okanye imali mboleko. Ngale ndlela, ukuyigqibezela, awuzukukhetha ngaphandle kokuhlawula imbuyekezo yakho, inzala ehambelanayo kunye nekhomishini kunye nezinye iindleko kulawulo, ukuba zikhona. Ngokubanzi ngenkqubo engaguquguqukiyo yezavenge zenyanga. Nangona izakuxhomekeka ekubeni ungawenza na amortization kwangoko. Ngale ndlela, umahluko weepesenti ezimbalwa zamanqaku unokuthetha ukonga okubaluleke kakhulu kwinkcitho yale mveliso yebhanki.