Imarike yemali yangoku ivumela utyalo-mali kwisilivere kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zotyalo-mali. Ukusuka kweyona ntofontofo kunye nesiko ngokwendlela yotyalo mali, ukuya kwezinye iimodeli ezinobunkunkqele kwiimarike ezizayo apho kuthethathethwana ngezivumelwano zokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa le ntsimbi. ngexabiso elimisiweyo kude kube ngumhla othile. Ukuthengwa kweengqekembe okanye i-bullion yentsimbi exabisekileyo kwintengiso ikwakhona, evumela ukuba uzuze ekuhlolweni kwakhona kwale asethi yemali kwiimarike apho zidweliswe khona.
Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ube nemali enkulu yokutyala kwenye yezinyithi ezixabisekileyo kakhulu kule minyaka idlulileyo, njengesilivere. Lo mnqweno unokwenziwa ngokusesikweni kwixabiso elincinci ukwenza utyalomali olunokuhambisa le mfuno ngabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi. Ngayiphi na imeko, isithembiso asibanzi njengakwezinye iiasethi zemali, njengomzekelo wegolide. Ngengxaki ayingawo onke amaziko anemodeli yotyalo-mali lwabucala.
Kwelinye icala, banako izikhundla ezivulekileyo ngokwasemzimbeniNgamanye amagama, ngokusebenzisa i-bullion okanye iingqekembe okanye ngokusebenzisa imali yotyalo-mali evezwe kwesi sinyithi sixabisekileyo. Olunye uhlobo lokugqibela lolona luqhelekileyo phakathi kwabasindisi ababona eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokungena kule marike ngaphandle kokuthatha umngcipheko othile kwaye kuluncedo olukhulu ukuba ukunyuka okuphezulu kwale ntsimbi ixabisekileyo yokuhambelana okukhethekileyo kunokubanjwa. Ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba yenye yeendlela ezikhethwe ngabo banomdla wokwenza olu hlobo lotyalo-mali.
Ukutyala imali kwisilivere: imbuyekezo
Imali yotyalo-mali esekwe kwesi sinyithi sixabisekileyo siqwalaselwe kwezona ndlela zibalaseleyo zokwenza olu tyalo-mali lukhethekileyo. Eyona nto inomtsalane kwezi mveliso zezezimali kukuba zinokubanombulelo ongasentla kunoko zichazwe zezinye iiasethi eziyimali. Ngemveliso yonyaka ekhoyo udlule amanqanaba angaphezu kwe-20% ukuba zijolise kwixesha eliphakathi nelide. Nangona ngokuchaseneyo, banomngcipheko omkhulu kunolunye utyalo-mali ngenxa yokungazinzi apho bacwangcisa khona amaxabiso abo.
Abatyalomali okwangoku banokuzifumana benoluhlu olulinganiselweyo lweemarike kunye neemveliso ezichazwe kwisilivere, ukusuka iinkampani zemigodi zorhwebo esidlangalaleni (Ngokubanzi kwii-indices zaseMntla Melika nakwisiNgesi) kwii-indices ezinobunkunkqele ezinje ngekamva kunye nokukhetha. Nangona kunjalo, owona mqobo mkhulu kukuba ezi mveliso zezezimali zifuna ulwazi lwangaphambili ngazo. Esi sesona sizathu siphambili sokuba, ekugqibeleni, kufuneka babesemthethweni phantsi kweliso lengcali kwezi marike. Ngubani oya kuba noxanduva lokuthatha isigqibo sokuba lixesha lokuvula izikhundla kwezi asethi zemali okanye, ngokuchaseneyo, kuyingozi yokubheja kwimidla yabo
I-Silver bullion njengenye indlela
Enye into ebonelelwa yimarike kukuthenga izinto zesilivere ezinokwenziwa nge-bullion kunye neengqekembe. Olona ncedo lukhulu kwesi sicelo sotyalo-mali kukuba sinokwenziwa phantsi kwexabiso elifikelelekayo kakhulu kuyo yonke imizi. Eminye ebandakanya ukukhutshwa kwemali ephezulu ukwenza ukonga kunenzuzo. Ngayiphi na imeko, ukutyala imali kwizinyithi ezixabisekileyo ezinjengesilivere kunokuba lolona khetho kubatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi. Apho, kwintengiso yentengiso, abatyali mali bathenga isinyithi kwiibhanki ezinkulu ngeyona njongo iphambili yokuphepha iindleko kunye nomngcipheko.
Enye indlela imelwe ziimarike zekamva. Ngale modeli ikhethekileyo kutyalo-mali olungelulo, banokungena kwintengiso ngotshintshiselwano lwekamva, apho abantu thethana ngezivumelwano zokuthenga okanye zokuthengisa okrwada ngexabiso elimiselweyo kude kube ngumhla othile. Amaziko asebenzela abathengi abahlukeneyo babavelisi bentsimbi abaxabisekileyo kunye nabathengi banokufumaneka kumashishini ahlukeneyo, kubandakanya neenkampani zemigodi, iziseko, iiprosesa, abenzi bezacholo, kunye nabarhwebi nabarhwebi.
Ukusebenza kwemali
Kwelinye icala, urhwebo kunye neenkonzo zebhanki ezinxulumene ne-bullion zibandakanya intengiselwano yemali, Ixesha elide kunye nexesha elizayo, ukhetho kunye neziphumo eziphuma kwisilivere. Unokufumana iingqekembe kule sinyithi ixabisekileyo ngamaxabiso okhuphiswano, aqala kwixabiso elincinci ukuya kwabanye ngokubaluleka okubaluleke kakhulu okuqala kwi-10.000 okanye kwi-euro engaphezulu. Ngale ndlela, kufanele ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba utyalomali kwizinyithi ezixabisekileyo kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo njengomngcipheko omkhulu. Akumangalisi ke ukuba ihlengahlengiswe kumthetho weemfuno kunye nonikezelo kwiimarike zamanye amazwe kwaye oko kuyakuqinisekisa ixabiso lazo kwiimarike zazo zezemali.
Nangona isilivere ibe yenye yeeasethi zemali ezixabise kakhulu kule minyaka idlulileyo, akukho zindlela zincinci zokuthintela ukuba abatyali zimali mabathathe indawo yokucinga ngokuthathela ingqalelo izinyithi ngenxa yeempawu zayo kunye nokusikelwa umda kweemarike. Kungenxa yesi sizathu le nto Izinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga kolu tyalo-mali Kwaye, xa sele uhlalutyiwe, khetha eyona ndlela ilungele iimfuno zabasongi, kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zabo zotyalo-mali.
Imiba yengozi
El Icandelo lezacholoNangona igcina ubunzima bommeli, kubonakala ngathi iyancipha. Imveliso yehle kakhulu ukusukela ngo-1997 ukuya ku-2002 nangona kwiminyaka yakutshanje inyukile. Yintoni isizathu soku kuphuma ngokutsha? Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba ihambelane? Ukuphendula lo mbuzo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba ngonyaka we-1997 ukuya kowama-2003 abantu ababefuna igolide ukuba basebenzise ukuzonwabisa yayingamazwe okuqala ehlabathi. Ukugcwala okuthile kudibene nokugqabhuka kwebhola yetekhnoloji kunye nokuqina koqoqosho lwabo kuthintele ibango.
Ngo-2003 imeko yatshintsha kuba i-China, ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elincinci i-India, baqala ukuthumela ngaphandle kakhulu. Ezi mali zibangela ubutyebi obangela ukusetyenziswa kwezi ndawo zinamasiko amaninzi. Ukuthetha ngezithethe, umzekelo onomdla ufumaneka kwicandelo lenkolo. IiBuddha zeGolide zenziwe ngamagqabi egolide ukuba idiphozithi ethembekileyo yokugubungela uBuddha kwaye kufuneka babuyise ngonyaka.
Iibhanki eziphakathi
Nangona kuyinyani ukuba iiBhanki eziMaphakathi zithambekele ekunciphiseni ukuthengisa kwazo kunye nokuthengwa kwazo kunokuqwalaselwa kwakhona ngenxa yemeko yeerhafu, kubalulekile ukuba sithi oovimba base-US, eJamani naseFrance basenkulu kakhulu kwaye oku kuthintela ukubanakho Igolide ekwi-bullish ngenxa yokuthengwa zii-Central Banks Kukho iimeko zenqanaba lenzala ezibuthathaka. Abanye inzala ephezulu kunye ezinzileyo (kuba bakhulisa ukuthengisa phambili ukwenza ama-balance sheet) kunye nokwehla (ukungadideki ngamaxabiso asezantsi) ngenxa yeendleko zelahleko ezilahlekileyo ngokungafakwa kutyalo-mali.
Kukho ithuba lokubona ukwanda kwemveliso yezimbiwa. Hayi yeefama ezintsha kodwa ezinkulu ukuveliswa kwezinto ezikhoyo. Lo mngcipheko uthintelwe zizabelo eziphezulu eziye zahlawulwa ziinkampani zemigodi yegolide. Umgaqo-nkqubo wotyalo-mali ubuncinci. Omnye umngcipheko bubunzima obomeleleyo bee-ETFs kunye nezinye izixhobo ezivela kwixabiso legolide nakukungena nokuphuma kwale asethi.
Ukurhweba kwezinye iimali
Ukuxabiswa kwemali yaseMelika ngenxa yolungelelwaniso olubi oluthe lwaboniswa ngokwesilivere ngokwembali. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula oko Ukuguquguquka kwemali yesilivere malunga ne-15%. Amanqanaba aphezulu alindelweyo kwisilivere kwiminyaka ezayo anokubambisana nawo ayimfuneko kodwa engonelanga. Ukuba ayikhatshwa kukuncitshiswa kweendleko okanye ubuncinci kuzo kwiinkampani zemigodi, indlela eya phezulu inokulinganiselwa.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kubalulekile khawulezani I-bullish eye yazuza kubo bonke abagcini, abathi ngandlela thile babekwe kwimarike yesilivere kwaye, neyenziwe ukuba ibengomnye kunokwenzeka ukuba ubeke imali ngenxa yeenzuzo ezinkulu ezizenzileyo kule minyaka idlulileyo, ngaphezulu kwezinye iiasethi zezemali ezikumgangatho ophezulu, kwaye ngaphezulu kokugqitha kwizabelo zamanye amazwe kwinzuzo.
Xa kuthelekiswa nebhegi
Kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba i-Ibex 35, ngowuphi unyaka ongalunganga ngo-2018, yehlile nge-15%. Ngelixa ngokuchaseneyo, le ntsimbi ixabisekileyo ivaliwe kulo nyaka ngohlaziyo olubanzi. Lo mkhwa kwiinyanga zakutshanje uhambe kunye nabo banamava ezinye izinyithi ezixabisekileyo: igolide, iplatinam, ipalladium, njl. kwaye imali eyinzuzo yayo ikwabekwa kumanani aphindwe kabini. Njengenye yeendlela zokuthenga kunye nokuthengisa izabelo kwiimarike zezabelo.
Idlala ngokuthanda kwakho ukuba yenye yeeasethi zemali enoxabiso oluphezulu kule minyaka idlulileyo. Kananjalo nokuba yenye yeendawo ezikhuselekileyo zokuhlala kunye nokugqwesa ukujongana notyalo-mali ngamaxesha okungaqiniseki kunye nokungazinzi koqoqosho. Esi sesinye sezizathu zokuba amaziko emali akhethe ukubonelela ngeemveliso zemali zezi mpawu. Oko kukuthi, kunxulunyaniswe nentsimbi exabisekileyo.