Lumka kakhulu kulo nyaka apho imeko entsha okanye ukudodobala kwezoqoqosho kunokuvela. Oku kuyabonakala emva kokuvela kwegophe lesivuno apho kuboniswa ukuba lifukelwe eUnited States kwithuba elingagqithiyo kwiminyaka emibini. Idatha yokuqala ebonakaliswe kule parameter yezoqoqosho yinto efanelekileyo njengoko inyani yokuba umahluko phakathi kwe-5 kunye ne-3 bond bond sele ityalwe imali. Umqondiso obaluleke kakhulu malunga nokuba yintoni kwiimarike ukusukela ngoku.
Omnye umqondiso wokuba i-US isivuno curve inika abatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi nayo ibaluleke kakhulu. Ayikho enye into ngaphandle kokuba ukusasazeka phakathi kweebhondi zeminyaka eli-10 nengama-2 kuye kwehla kakhulu ukusukela ngo-2007. Esinye isiqwenga sedatha ekufuneka abalamli bezezimali ngokuqinisekileyo basithathele ingqalelo xa bethatha isigqibo sokuba leliphi inyathelo eliza kuthathwa kwiimarike zezabelo kulamaxesha. Ewe kulungile rhoxisa izikhundla kwimarike yemasheya okanye ngokuchaseneyo ukungena kwakhona ukwenza ukuba imali yakho yobuqu okanye eyezemali ibe yinzuzo.
Kodwa yintoni kanye kanye inqanaba lenqanaba lenzala ukuba icandelo elikhulu leendaba ezikhethekileyo lithetha kakhulu ngalo? Ewe, eli nani litsha lotyalo-mali alikho ngaphantsi kwe Umahluko phakathi kwenzuzo ebonelela ngeminyaka eli-10 yokuzibophelela ngokuzimeleyo (ireferensi yexesha elide) yelizwe laseMntla Melika kunye nomdla wephepha leminyaka emi-2 (ixesha elifutshane). Ewe, lo mqondiso wobuthathaka kwiimarike zezemali uphulukene namanqaku asisiseko ali-11 kule veki. Inqanaba lekoteyishini elingazange libonwe ukusukela ngo-2007 nango-2008. Ithuba apho kanye imeko yezoqoqosho nentengiso yamasheya iphuhlileyo echaphazele ihlabathi liphela kunye neemarike zezemali.
Ukubaluleka kwegophe lesivuno
Ukubaluleka kwale parameter yezoqoqosho kuphezulu kakhulu kwaye kungenxa yokuthembeka okukhulu kuvavanyo lwayo. Kwinqanaba elifana kakhulu nelo limelwe yi ipremiyamu yomngcipheko kuwo wonke ummandla we-euro. Apho, umzekelo, isibophelelo saseSpain esisasazeke ngaphezulu kwama-300 amanqaku anokumela ingozi ebonakalayo, zombini kuqoqosho lwesizwe nakwiimarike zezabelo kule ndawo. Ukuvela kwayo, ke, kuyafana kakhulu phakathi kwedatha yokubonisa kwayo. Ngeziphumo ezaziwa ngabo bonke abatyali mali ngeli xesha.
Esi sesinye sezizathu eziphambili zokuba siqwalasele igophe lesivuno kwelinye lawona mazwe anoqoqosho olunamandla ehlabathini. Kuba inokunika omnye umqondiso malunga nantoni indlela ezihamba ngayo ezoqoqosho kwaye ngenxa yoko, kunye nendima eza kudlalwa ziimarike zezemali kwezi nyanga zizayo. Ngayo, uya kuba nento efanelekileyo kakhulu yokwenza izigqibo kwiimarike zezemali. Ayisiyiyo kuphela kwii-equity, koko ikwavela nakwingeniso esisigxina, njengoko kwenzekile kule minyaka idlulileyo.
Umngcipheko wokwehla kwamandla emali okuzayo
Ngayiphi na imeko, isivuno segophe ulindele imeko entsha ethetha ukuba ixesha le-bearish kwiimarike ze-equity kule ndawo ye-geographic ebaluleke kakhulu kwihlabathi. Ukusuka kule meko ngokubanzi, le yinyani yokuba abatyali zimali abancinci nabaphakathi akufuneki babanjiswe, kuba sele bebaninzi abahlalutyi bezemali abaye balumkisa ngale nto kwiimarike zezemali. Ngale ndlela, ayinakulityalwa ukuba ii-equities e-United States ziye zafumana eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokufumana amashumi eminyaka, apho abatyali mali abancinci bengalikhumbuli ixesha lokufumana okuninzi kwiipothifoliyo zabo.
Iimpawu kwelinye icala leAtlantic zixabisile ukusukela ngo-2012 akukho ngaphantsi kwama-90%, inzuzo ephezulu kakhulu ethe yabenza abatyali mali abakhohlakeleyo. Kungenxa yokuba kuye kwakho isitokhwe esele sisebenze ngcono kunee-indices ngokubanzi, ngokuxabisa nangaphezulu kwe-100%. Into engakhange ibonwe ixesha elide kwaye ekhokelele ekuthengeni okukhulu kwiimarike zezemali. Ngomthamo wokugaya ophakamileyo kakhulu.
Into engapapashwanga kude kube lelo xesha
Le nyani ingaqhelekanga kwiimarike zesitokhwe zaseMelika ikhokelele kwezi ndawo zentengiso kufuneka zilungisiwe. Kwaye ekubeni kungakhange kubekho zilungiso ngokubaluleka okukhethekileyo phakathi, ayothusi into yokuba imeko yentengiso yezabelo inokutshintsha nangaliphi na ixesha, ngamandla amakhulu ngaphezu kokufunwa kwasekuqaleni. Ngalo naliphi na ixesha, inye into engatshintshiyo ngalo mzuzu kwaye kukuba akuselilo ixesha elifanelekileyo lokuthatha izikhundla kule marike yezabelo. Ayothusi into yokuba umngcipheko uyanda njengoko iinyanga zihamba.
Ukulinganisa ukunyuka e-US.
Enye yezinto ezibangela ukuba imarike yestokhwe yaseUnited States iqale ixesha le-bearish yinto yokuba ngexesha le-2019 kukho ukwanda okutsha kwinqanaba lenzala. Nangona oku kunokwenzeka kuthathelwa ingqalelo ziimarike zemali, akunjalo ngokobunzulu bayo. Kwaye ngoku yeyona nto iphambili uloyiko lweearhente ezahlukeneyo zezemali kwaye ngaphambi kokuba eli thuba libuyise isikhundla kwimarike yemasheya yaseMelika. Akumangalisi ukuba ngolwe-Lwesibini ophelileyo izabelo zeli lizwe zehle zingekho ngaphantsi kwe-3% ngenxa yokuqonda kwale meko intsha.
Sele abahlalutyi benika ukubaluleka okukhulu kwinto ebonakaliswa ngumyinge wenzala kunye nesibhengezo sokwehla kwamandla emali e-United States kwisithuba seminyaka emibini. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ezona nkcukacha ziphambili zoqoqosho lwelizwe zisathetha ngokuphandle. Apho ifayile ye- inani labantu abangaphangeliyo Kwiinyanga ezilishumi elinambini ezidlulileyo incitshisiwe yaya kwinqanaba elingacingelwanga ngoqoqosho olunamandla emhlabeni. Ngelixa ngokuchaseneyo, ukukhula kwelizwe kuyaqhubeka kumngcelele onomona, njengoko kwamkelwe zezona ngcali zezoqoqosho zibalulekileyo elizweni.
Iziphumo kwilizwekazi elidala
Enye into ecacisiweyo ngalo mzuzu yimpembelelo enokubakho kula mazwe kumazwe e-euro. Akunakuba kulindelwe yiminye imibutho kwaye kungaphantsi kakhulu malunga nokuvela kweemarike zezabelo. Ingcaciso esengqiqweni kufuneka ifunwe kwindaleko yeemarike ezimbini zezemali, ezingalinganiyo kancinci malunga nokunyuka kwamaxabiso ezabelo. Hayi ngelize, i ukunyuka phezulu kwiimarike zesitokhwe zelizwekazi elidala bezilunge kakhulu kunaseMelika.
Ewe, abatyali mali baseYurophu abayenzanga imali abayigcinileyo ukuze babe nenzuzo ngolu hlobo lotyalo-mali. Ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba ngendlela ekhokelayo Ukukhubazeka ukusukela ukuphela kuka-2016. Ngokukodwa, isalathiso esikhethiweyo semakethi yesitokhwe sezabelo zaseSpain, i-Ibex 35, ephulukene nezikhundla ngeli xesha kwaye kuye kwafuneka ukuba ityelele amanqanaba angabonwanga kwiminyaka yakutshanje, njengamanqaku ayi-8.600 ebikhe yatyelelwa kule minyaka idlulileyo. unyaka. Ngesi sizathu, ukuwa okunokwenzeka kwimarike yemasheya kuya kuba ngaphezulu, ngokwembono yenxalenye enkulu yabahlalutyi bezemali.
Iingcebiso zokwenza kwimarike yemasheya
Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, asisayi kubakho esinye isisombululo ngaphandle kokungenisa uthotho lwamanyathelo injongo yawo ephambili kukukhusela imali yethu kwinto enokwenzeka kwiimarike zezabelo kwiinyanga ezizayo. Ngokuthatha okuvulekileyo kwezi ngcebiso zilandelayo sizibonisa kule nqaku ingezantsi.
- Kuya kuba kuninzi khetha ngakumbi Ukwenza iphothifoliyo yethu elandelayo yotyalo-mali ukusukela ngoku, zonke izindululo zemarike yemasheya azisayi kusebenza njengokuba bekunjalo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.
- Akusayi kubakho sisombululo sinye ngaphandle yahlula-hlula utyalomali kwimarike yemasheya kunye nezinye iiasethi zemali njengefomyula yokufumana inzuzo entsha kwimisebenzi eyenziweyo.
- Intengiselwano kwimarike yemasheya iya kubakho ixesha ngalinye Ngesantya kwaye uhambe ixesha elifutshane ukuze ungabanjwa kwiindawo ezivulekileyo.
- Alithandabuzeki elokuba eli xesha litsha liza kuzisa elitsha mathuba o shishino Kuya kufuneka babhaqwe ukuze basebenzise le meko inokuvela ukusukela ngoku.
- La ubukhulu bokuwa inokuba nobundlobongela ngakumbi kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu ulumkiso kufuneka lube yinto eqhelekileyo kwizenzo zabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi.
- Kungalixesha lokuba phuma kwiimarike zezemali kwaye wonwabele umvuzo ofunyenwe kude kube ngoku. Ngaphandle kwezinye izinto zobugcisa.
- Ukususela ngoku kuya kusiba nzima ngakumbi fumana imbuyekezo ebonelelwa ngamashishini alinganayo kwiminyaka yakutshanje kwaye ke kuyakufuneka ukuba uhlale nalo meko intsha kwiimarike zezemali.