Namhlanje, ngaphakathi Icandelo lebhanki lisebenza kwaye linxibelelana yonke imihla ngamashumi amawaka amaziko ezijolise ekujonganeni neengxaki ezahlukeneyo ezinokuthi zibekho ngabantu okanye iinkampani ngamaxesha athile. Ngenxa yokuba umntu ngamnye okanye inkampani ineemfuno ezahlukeneyo, umba weebhanki uyafana kwaye ibhanki nganye ijongene nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kwaye ineemveliso ezahlukeneyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba, ukuze sisondele ebhankini esiyifunayo, sazi i-100% nganye kuzo kwaye ngaphezulu kwako konke, Zeziphi iimveliso ezibonelelayo.
Emva koko, nganye inazo iimeko ezahlukeneyo kunye nabasebenzi abakhethekileyo kule nto inikezelwa lolu hlobo lweziko. Nangona ngaphakathi eSpain, ibhanki yaseSpain inoxanduva lokujonga onke amaziko ezemali nokuba yeyiphi imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, ngurhulumente onika imigaqo kunye neemfuno kwibhanki nganye, ngokusekwe iimveliso ezibonelelwa nganye kwezi bhanki. Oku kuthetha ukuba nganye yeebhanki ilawulwa yimithetho eyahlukeneyo. Ukuze wazi okungakumbi malunga nehlabathi leebhanki, namhlanje siza kuthetha nge iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeebhanki kunye nendlela esebenza ngayo elowo kubo.
Iindidi zeebhanki ezisekwe kubunini
Kuludwe lweebhanki, into ebaluleke kakhulu luhlobo lomnini abanalo, kuba oku kuya kukubeka kudidi olunye okanye kwelinye. Ezona ntlobo ziphambili zeebhanki ziyaziwayo zezi:
Yintoni iibhanki zabucala kwaye zisebenza njani?
Iibhanki zabucala ziibhanki apho abanini zabelo ngokufanayo zizinto zabucala ezahlukeneyo okanye nabantu abanotyalo mali olukhulu. Olu hlobo lwebhanki lwaduma kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo kwaye omnye weyona mizekelo mihle yibhanki ethe ngqo ye-ING.
Zithini iibhanki zikarhulumente kwaye zisebenza njani?
Ngokubhekisele kwiibhanki zikawonkewonke, olu hlobo lwebhanki luphethwe ngurhulumente ngokupheleleyo. Ezi bhanki zezona zaziwayo kwaye zihlala zikho ebomini. Umzekelo olungileyo wolu hlobo lwebhanki yibhanki yaseSpain okanye ibhanki esembindini yaseYurophu.
Ziintoni iibhanki ezixubekileyo kwaye zisebenza njani?
Iibhanki ezixubekileyo, njengoko igama labo lisitsho, ziibhanki ezinemali yabucala kwaye zona zinemali yoluntu. Ezi ndidi zeebhanki ziyaziwa kakhulu kwaye zezona zihlala zisetyenziswa ngabantu. Urhulumente waseSpain. Inika inaliti enkulu kwezi bhanki nge-FROB.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zebhanki kuxhomekeke kwimisebenzi yazo
Phakathi koluhlu olunomdla kakhulu, kukwakhona umsebenzi okanye umbono wale bhanki ichaziweyo. Nangona ujonga nje kuqala, kubonakala ngathi zonke iibhanki ziyafana, yimishini eya kuthi ikuxelele ukuba zithini iinjongo zebhanki echaziweyo kwaye isekwe kuloo nto, yintoni ipotifoliyo yomthengi wayo. Kolu luhlu sinokufumana:
Ibhanki ekhuphayo okanye ibhanki ephambili, zintoni kwaye zisebenza njani?
Olu hlobo lwebhanki lubizwa ngokuba "yibhanki yeebhanki." Ukusuka apha, into ekuzanywa ngayo kukujonga kunye nokuqondisa yonke inkqubo yezemali yelizwe. Olu hlobo lwebhanki luphethe ukuseta imigaqo-nkqubo esekwe kwimali, ikhupha iimali kwilizwe, ukongeza ekugcineni lonke uvimba welizwe ukwimeko efanelekileyo. Ngaphakathi eSpain, iqumrhu elijongene noku yiBhanki yaseSpain, eliziko elijongene nayo yonke ipanorama yezemali yaseSpain; Nangona kunjalo, iziko elilawula ngokwenene yonke into yi-European Central Bank.
Yintoni iibhanki zorhwebo kwaye zisebenza njani?
Iibhanki zorhwebo zezo zijolise ekukhonzeni abathengi. Ezi bhanki zezona zijongana nokunika imali mboleko, ukwenza iidipozithi, njl. Ezi ntlobo zebhanki azizizo iibhanki zotyalo-mali.
Ukwahlulwa kweebhanki kweli nqanaba, kwenzeka ngo-1929 ngokwe-odolo zase-US xa kwakufunwa ukunqanda ukuwa kwezezimali. Nangona eYurophu kungekho mthetho wokwahlula imali, iibhanki ezininzi ziyenzela ukhuseleko.
Iibhanki zotyalo-mali, ziyintoni kwaye zisebenza njani?
Kwiibhanki zotyalo-mali, sifumana zonke iimveliso ezinxulumene nekamva. Ezi bhanki zijolise kwiinkampani zombini nakubantu kwaye kwezi bhanki unokufumana ukhetho njengokufumana iinkampani okanye ukudityaniswa ezimbini. Apha, unokufikelela kwintengiso yezokhuseleko kwintengiso kwaye ufumane iingcebiso ezilungileyo ukuze ufumane ukusebenza okuhle kwixa elizayo.
Yintoni iibhanki ezihlanganisiweyo kwaye zisebenza njani?
Kwiibhanki ezihlanganisiweyo, kukho abathengi ikakhulu iinkampani. Apha kukho iimveliso ezithile ezinceda iinkampani ukuba ziphuhlise umsebenzi wazo. Ezi ntlobo zeemveliso zezo zinxulumene neendlela zekhredithi, izaphulelo kumanqaku ezithembiso, iintlawulo kunye nengeniso evela kwiitsheki okanye kwiirisithi ukwenzela ukuhlawulisa iinkonzo.
Iibhanki zabathengi, ziyintoni kwaye zisebenza njani?
Kwiibhanki zabathengi, kukho abantu abathile. Ezi ntlobo zeebhanki zezona sizityelelayo yonke imihla kwaye apho sinokufumana iimali mboleko zobuqu, imali mboleko yokuthenga indlu yamaphupha ethu, isicelo samakhadi etyala, ukuboniswa kweziqinisekiso zokubambisa okanye iikhredithi, njl.
Iibhanki zokonga, ziyintoni kwaye zisebenza njani?
Ezi zinto zebhanki zokonga eSpain zizinto ezingenzi nzuzo. Nangona phantse kungabikho mkhondo weebhanki zokonga emva kwengxaki yeminyaka edlulileyo (kuba uninzi luguqulwe lwenziwa iibhanki), ezi ntlobo zezinto zazikho ukuze zinike umsebenzi wentlalontle kubo bobabini nakwinkampani ukuze zibanike ithuba lokugcina iibhanki.
Yintoni iibhanki zobambiso kwaye zisebenza njani?
Ezi ntlobo zeebhanki zithandwa kakhulu xa kufikwa kumba wokuboleka imali ukuze uthenge ipropathi. Le bhanki izinyaswa ngabantu kunye neenkampani.
Ngaphakathi eSpain, awunakufumana olu hlobo lwebhanki ngolu hlobo, kuba badume kakhulu eUnited States kodwa abakasasazeki, nangona kunjalo, sele zikhona ezinye iinkampani eSpain onokuya kuzo ngenxa yesi sizathu.
Iibhanki zikaNondyebo
Ezi ntlobo zebhanki yezezimali ziyaziwa phakathi kweenkampani kwaye akunjalo kwinqanaba lomntu ukuya kumntu. Ezi bhanki ziphethe ngokunika iinkampani inaliti eyinkunzi, ukuze zibancede baphinde bavele. Olu hlobo lweziko alunazo iiofisi ezivulelekileyo kuluntu.
Amaziko asemthethweni etyala, ayintoni kwaye asebenza njani?
Las Amaziko asemthethweni asemthethweni ngabo bajongene nokusebenza ngaphakathi eSpain kwiziko elisemthethweni lokuthenga ngetyala. Ezi ntlobo zamashishini zinomsebenzi oshishino kuphela ononxibelelwano ngqo noMphathiswa wezoQoqosho. Phakathi kweenjongo eziphambili zolu hlobo lweziko yinjongo yokukhula kunye nokunika amandla okuphucula ngokupheleleyo ubutyebi obufunyenwe kwinqanaba likazwelonke, kunye nokuhanjiswa ngokuchanekileyo kwabo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ifuna ukwandisa zonke iintlobo zoqoqosho kunye nenkcubeko, hayi kuphela ukwandisa umsebenzi, kodwa nokwandisa ukhenketho kuloo ndawo.
I-ICO yeyona nto ophetheyo ukuxhasa olu hlobo lweprojekthi ngenjongo yokufaka imali kwiinkampani ezijikeleze iSpain. Benza oku ukuze ezi nkampani zikwazi ukukhuphisana ngakumbi phakathi kwazo kwaye zibe negalelo kwinkqubela phambili yelizwe liphela.
Ukongeza, eli qonga linceda kwaye likhuthaze iinkampani ukuba zisebenzisane ngeenkqubo zomgaqo-nkqubo wezoqoqosho xa kuvela iingxaki kwiintlekele zendalo okanye iimeko zobunzima kwezoqoqosho.
Njengoko ubona kulo lonke eli thuba, akukho lula ukusondela ebhankini njengoko besicinga, kuba kufuneka sazi ukuba yeyiphi le bhanki isinika ukuba sibuze kanye le nto siyifunayo nangaphezulu kwayo yonke into, ukuze sizimanye thina sifuna ukufumana.
Nganye ye iibhanki ziseke imigangatho kwiimveliso ukuba unganikezela, nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha kwaye ukuze uphumelele abanye abathengi, banikezela ngeemveliso ezingafanelekanga nge-100% kuzo. Nangona iBhanki yaseSpain izama ukugcina zonke ezi zinto ziphantsi kolawulo, ukubaluleka kokuba sikwazisiwe malunga nokuba luhlobo ngalunye lweebhanki olunokusinika zona kwaye siyenzela ntoni injongo, lwenza onke amashishini ethu kunye nezicelo ngaphakathi kwawo, zikhuseleke ngakumbi.
Nangona kunjalo, olona khetho lulungileyo kukusondela kwibhanki yethu ethembekileyo kwaye ubaxelele into esifuna ukuyifezekisa, ngesiqhelo, kwibhanki enye inamasebe ahlukeneyo kwaye kwibhanki nganye kuhlala kukho ingcali nganye nganye ukuze sikwazi yiya kuye phambi kwalo naluphi na uhlobo lwamathandabuzo.
