Isenokuba ngumzuzu oqinisekileyo wokutshintsha imveliso yezemali ukwenza ulondolozo lwethu lube nenzuzo. Ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo, ezinye iindlela zotyalo-mali zinokuvela kwaye zinokuphucula isitetimenti sengeniso ekupheleni konyaka. Mhlawumbi kungenxa yeemarike zentengiso ezibunileyo kuzo nditsho, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokudinwa okanye nokuba lelona xesha lifanelekileyo lokulinga ngeendlela ezintsha zotyalo-mali. Ngayiphi na imeko, kuya kufuneka wazi ukuba kukho ubomi obungaphaya kwengxowa njengoko siza kukubonisa kweli nqaku.
Imalunga nokukhangela iimveliso zezezimali ezikwimo yazo kunye nendalo efanayo nokuthengwa kunye nokuthengiswa kwezabelo kwimarike yemasheya. Akusayi kubakho ngxaki zigqithileyo ukuzifumana kwaye ngoku kuya kufuneka uzikhethe ngokusekwe kwiprofayili oyivezayo njengomtyali mali omncinci nophakathi: ndlongondlongo, ugcina okanye uphakathi. Kuba imalunga nokuphela kosuku kukuba uyiphucule inzuzo oyigcinileyo. Okanye ubuncinci awuyi kuphulukana nolu tshintsho oza kuba nalo ukusukela ngoku.
Ukuguquguquka kweemarike zezemali kukhokelele ekuveleni kweemveliso ezintsha zemali onokusebenza ngazo eSpain. Zenziwe phantsi kwezicwangciso ezahlukeneyo zotyalo-mali, kodwa zinegama elilinganayo kuzo zonke kwaye olo lubudlelwane obuthe ngqo kunye neemarike zezabelo. Nangona ebambela kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo okanye iindlela zokuqonda utyalomali. Njengoko uza kubona, banokuba zezinye iindlela ezifanelekileyo kwimarike yemasheya kwaye kwezinye iimeko baya kukuvumela ukuba uhlukanise utyalomali ngokusebenza kakuhle. Ngaba uzimisele ukuthatha ezi modeli zintsha ukunxibelelana nehlabathi lemali?
Enye indlela: imali yotyalo mali
Kwiingxowa-mali zotyalo-mali, ezo zinxulunyaniswa namashishini ziyafana kakhulu nokuthengwa nokuthengiswa kwezabelo kwimarike yemasheya. Kuba iinjongo zayo ziyafana, nangona kule meko awuyi kukhetha inyathelo elithile. Ukuba akunjalo, ngokuchaseneyo, uya kuba yinxalenye ye- ipotifoliyo yengxowa mali esele zilungisiwe ngabaphathi. Ngeeprofayili ezahlukeneyo kunye neendawo zokuhlala. Akumangalisi ukuba enye yeenzuzo ezinkulu zokukhetha le ndlela kutyalo-mali kukuba ungaya kuyo nayiphi na intengiso yezemali emhlabeni, kubandakanya eyona yoqobo onokuyicinga ngoku.
Olona phawu lubalulekileyo kwingxowa mali yotyalo mali kukuba zinokukwenza ukwahluka utyalo-mali ngendlela ofuna ngayo. Esi sicwangciso sisebenza ngokukuko xa ukungazinzi kuyinto ephambili kwiimarike zezemali. Iya kukubonelela ngokhuseleko olukhulu ngakumbi kunakwistokhwe yemarike kwaye unokuyincedisa nangeemali ezahlukileyo zotyalo-mali ezahlukeneyo. Kwelinye icala, iikhomishini zayo zikwimeko efanayo nemarike yemasheya, nangona kufuneka ujonge ukuba yeyiphi eyifaka kulengxowa.
Ngeeasethi ezahlukeneyo zemali
Olu didi lweemveliso zezemali lwahlukile kwezinye iimodeli zotyalo-mali kuba zidibanisa iiasethi ezahlukeneyo zemali. Awuyi kutyala imali yakho, umzekelo Izabelo zeSpanish, kodwa ungayikhapha kunye nezinye iindlela ezikwezinye iindawo zehlabathi. Lithuba lokuba unikwe imali yotyalo mali. Kanye njengoko unako zidlulise kwezinye iimali ngalo naliphi na ixesha nangaphandle kokuhlawula i-euro enye. Kwimeko apho utyando lwenziwa ngaphakathi kwindawo enye yebhanki. Kwaye amaxesha ngamaxesha njengoko ufuna ukusebenza ngokungasikelwanga mda kwaye akuhlawuliswa rhafu njengeekhomishini okanye ezinye iindleko kulawulo lwayo.
Kwelinye icala, le mveliso emiselwe ukutyala imali ikhona kunikezelo lweebhanki ngeyona nto ukunikezelwa okubanzi Apho unokukhetha khona ukungapheli kwemali kwezi mpawu. Icebo elincinci lokwenza ukuba imisebenzi ibe yinzuzo kukukhetha imali yotyalo mali yesizwe. Zisebenza ngokulinganayo ekongeni imali kwaye zenza ikomishini enokhuphiswano ngakumbi kunezinye iimodeli zale mveliso yemali. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba ungagcina phantse isiqingatha semali ngokubhekisele kwiikhomishini oya kuthi ujongane nazo ukusukela ngoku.
Iimali ezidwelisiweyo
Ziyaziwa njengee-ETFs kwaye ngumxube okhethekileyo phakathi kweemali zotyalo-mali kunye nokuthengwa kunye nokuthengiswa kwezabelo. Ziyacetyiswa ngamaxesha amafutshane kunakwimeko yotyalo-mali ngokusekwe kwii-equity. Nangona kunjalo, azikhawulelwanga kwimarike yesitokhwe kuphela kodwa unokutyala imali yakho kuyo ezinye ii-asethi eziyimali, ezinye zazo zinobuchule obukhulu. Umzekelo, izinto zokwenza imveliso, izinyithi ezixabisekileyo kunye namandla, phakathi kwezinye zezona zibalulekileyo. Ngale ndlela, kutyalo-mali oluguquguqukayo oluhlengahlengiswe kuzo zonke iintlobo zabatyali zimali abancinci nabaphakathi.
Oomatshini bayo bafana kakhulu kwingxowa-mali efanayo kunokuya ngqo kutyalo-mali kwimarike yemasheya, nangona ngaphandle kokwabelana ngeephothifoliyo njengoko kuhlala kunjalo kwezi. Enye yeenzuzo ezinkulu zokukhetha olu khetho kutyalo mali kungenxa yokuba uya kuzifumana iikhomishini ezifikelelekayo kakhulu kwaye banokukugcinela imali eninzi ekusebenzeni. Ingakumbi xa uchitha imali eninzi kule mveliso yezemali nangaphaya kwezinye izinto zobugcisa. Ngaphandle kwalo naliphi na ixesha kuya kufuneka uzinciphise kwinkampani okanye utyalomali ngqo kwimarike yemasheya ezelwe.
Eyona nto iphucukileyo: iziqinisekiso
Enye indlela enobundlongondlongo kunye nobunkunkqele kwimarike yemasheya yenziwe zizinto ezibizwa ngokuba ziimvume. Yimveliso yezemali evela, ngokukodwa ongakhetha-thethwano ngohlobo lokhuseleko olunika umniniyo ilungelo, kodwa hayi uxanduva, lokuthenga (Ukutsala umnxeba) okanye ukuthengisa (Beka) ixabiso elithile leasethi (isiseko seasethi) ngexabiso elimiselweyo (ixabiso lokuzilolonga okanye ixabiso lesitrayikhi) ngexesha ixesha kude kube ngumhla omiselwe kwangaphambili (umhla wokuphelelwa) ngokutshintshisela ukuhlawulwa kwexabiso (ipremiyamu).
Ingxaki yayo enkulu kukuba kunzima kakhulu ukusebenza nale modeli yotyalo-mali kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo ifuna a Ulwazi olungcono yeemarike zezemali. Ayothusi into yokuba ungaphulukana nemali eninzi ekusebenzeni ukuba ulindelo lwakho aluzalisekiswanga ukwenza ulondolozo lube nenzuzo. Ngesi sizathu, kuya kufuneka ulumke ngakumbi ekukhetheni nasekuyazini eyona nto uyithengayo kuba umngcipheko wale mveliso uphezulu kakhulu kunezinye iimveliso zemali. Apho unokufumana khona imali eninzi, kodwa ngenxa yesizathu esifanayo ulahlekelwe yiyo.
Kufunyanwa amalungelo
Eminye imiba ekufuneka uyazi ngesivumelwano sakho kukuba xa uthenga isigunyaziso ufumana ilungelo, hayi isibophelelo, sokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa asethi esisiseko. Kwelinye icala, akufuneki ulibale ukuba ixabiso elihlawulelwe iwaranti libizwa ngokuba yipremiyamu, kwaye kuyabiza ukufumana ilungelo lokuthenga okanye lokuthengisa iasethi engaphantsi. Oko kukuthi, into oya kuyenza kukuhlawula ipremiyamu. Zimbini iintlobo zeemodeli ekufuneka uhlukanise ngokucacileyo phakathi kwazo.
El umnxeba ogunyazisiweyo Yilapho umtyalomali ethatha isigqibo sokubheja phezulu kunye nokutsalwa kwewaranti emele imeko eguqulweyo ngokupheleleyo. Oko kukuthi, xa umtyali mali elindele ukwehla kwixabiso leasethi esezantsi. Oku kuthetha ukuba ungabheja kwicala elisezantsi leemarike zezemali, imeko engenzeki kwiimveliso ezininzi zezemali. Ukuba, ke ngoko, yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo xa usebenza nale mveliso ikhethekileyo. Nangona yenzelwe iprofayili yomtyali mali othile ngenxa yomngcipheko wokusebenza kwayo.
Iirhafu ezinxulumene nemarike yemasheya
Yeyona ndlela ilula yokusebenza kwintengiso yesitokhwe, phakathi kwezinye izizathu kuba awubeki mali yakho emngciphekweni. Kuzo zonke iimeko, unembuyekezo ethembekileyo neqinisekileyo, nokuba kwenzeka ntoni na kwiimarike zezabelo. Nangona imida yabo yokulamla ingonelisi okwangoku, ngomdla wokujikeleza i-0,50%. Nangona iimeko ezithile zifezekisiwe kule mveliso inokuphakanyiswa iye kwi-5%.
Ngayiphi na imeko, iphelelwe ezinokuba ziinyanga ezingama-24, 36 okanye nangaphezulu. Ngaphandle kokubanakho ukurhoxisa kwangaphambili kwaye ungarhuma kwiimali eziphantsi kakhulu ngenxalenye elungileyo yoqoqosho lwasekhaya. Ngamagalelo avela kwi-1.000 euro ngaphandle kwalo naluphi na uhlobo lweekhomishini okanye ezinye iindleko kulawulo lwazo okanye kulondolozo. Ukuba yenye yezona mveliso zokuzikhusela onokuzifumana ngalo mzuzu ngenxa yeempawu ezizodwa. Kuba ekupheleni kosuku awuyi kuphulukana ne-euro enye, nangona ukuvela kweemarike zentengiso kungasaboniswanga ukukhusela umdla wakho.
Njengoko sele ubonile, awunayo kuphela imarike yemasheya yokwenza imali yakho ibe yinzuzo, kodwa ngokuchaseneyo unazo ezinye izixhobo ezinokukunceda ufezekise iinjongo zakho zokufikelela esiphelweni sonyaka ngebhalansi ephezulu kwiakhawunti yakho yokonga. Oko kukuthi, emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ithini into malunga nabatyali mali abaneprofayile yokuzikhusela ngakumbi, njengoko kunokuba njalo kwimeko yakho.