Intsalela yonyaka ophelileyo ishiye umkhwa omkhulu wokukhulisa umsebenzi njengomntu oziqeshileyo. Ngokwenyani, iRegime ekhethekileyo yaBasebenzi abaziQesheleyo (RETA) uvale unyaka we-2017 ngokukhula kweli candelo lobungcali phantse nge-3% xa kuthelekiswa nonyaka ophelileyo. Kufunyenwe ukuba uninzi lwaba bantu lukhethile vula inkampani okanye ishishini ukusuka kwiiprojekthi zabo zobungcali. Ukufumana ukufaneleka okukhulu phakathi kwabantu abancinci, ngokuvula iingcango ezintsha zokufumana ithuba lomsebenzi, ngokuba lelinye lamacandelo apho ukungabikho kwemisebenzi kunezehlo ezinkulu.
Ayothusi into yokuba inqanaba lokungaqeshwa kolutsha ekupheleni konyaka ka-2017 ngama-45%, ngokweSaveyi yezaBasebenzi, epapashwe liZiko leSizwe lezeNkcukacha-manani (INE). Nangona kuncipha ngokubhekisele ku-2016, apho abantu abancinci abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-25 ubudala abo babengasebenzi babengaphezulu kwala manqanaba. Kwaye oko kunye nomoya wokushishina kwezinye zazo, kuchaphazela umnqweno wabo wokuyila eyabo inkampani.
Kule meko inikwe yimarike yezemisebenzi kazwelonke, ukufezekisa mboleko iye yaba yenye yeefayile ze- iinjongo eziphambili zoosomashishini kunye noosomashishini abancinci abafuna ukukhuthaza iprojekthi yabo yobungcali. Umsebenzi awukho lula kwizihlandlo ezininzi, apho ukunqongophala kwezibonelelo, kunye neemeko eziqhuba iimodeli zabo zenza ukuba abafaki-zicelo barhoxe. Kungenxa yokuba abanakucinga amatyala aveliswe kwezi makhredithi.
Inkampani yokuqala: zeziphi iimodeli?
Njengolona hlobo lukhethekileyo lwekhredithi, ikwafuna iimeko ezahlukeneyo zekhontrakthi, apho zihlala zithunyelwa kwii-microcredits. Kwindawo yokuqala, kuyakufuneka kuboniswe iprojekthi esebenzayo, kwaye inemvume yequmrhu elikhuphayo lezi mveliso. Kuyinyani ukuba ababoneleli ngexabiso elimangalisayo, elinomlinganiselo oqikelelweyo malunga nee-euro ezingama-30.000. Ukutshintshiselana ngokukhuthaza ixesha lobabalo elinokufikelela phakathi kweenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12 malunga. Lixesha apho umnini ahlawula kuphela inzala ngaphandle kokuhlawula ikomkhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo zinxulunyaniswa neendlela zokuxhasa abantu abancinci. Ngenjongo ethe ngqo, ekungekho nenye ngaphandle kokubanceda benze imbuyekezo yabo bekhululeke ngakumbi ngaphezulu kokuqwalaselwa okunzima ngakumbi.
Ukupheliswa kwee-commissions zabo (ukufunda, ukuvula, ukuhlawulwa kwangaphambi kwexesha ...) yenye yeendlela eziqhelekileyo ezifumaneka namhlanje. Banethuba lokuhlawula eliqhelekileyo kwezi zixa, ixesha elide ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emi-5. Ngomdla onokuthi kwiimeko ezininzi ungaphantsi kwesithintelo se-10%, kwaye oko kunokwehliswa ngokuthengisa ezinye iimveliso zebhanki (izicwangciso zepenshini, i-inshurensi, imali yotyalo-mali ...) Njengenye yeendaba ezifanelekileyo kakhulu kulo mgca ukhethekileyo wekhredithi esithetha ngayo kweli nqaku.
Banikezela ukuya kwi-30.000 euro
Obona bunzima banabo oosomashishini abatsha kukufumana umthombo wezemali abanokuthi ngawo baguqulele iiprojekthi zabo. Ukubanceda basombulule le ngxaki, iibhanki ziphuhlise isithembiso esenzelwe ngokukodwa ukudala inkampani yokuqala. Ngezixa ezinokufikelela kwi-30.000 euro, kwaye zinikezelwe phantsi kweefomathi ezahlukeneyo ngokweemeko zabo zesivumelwano. Nangona kunjalo, ngothethathethwano kwangexesha le miba ingagqithwa linikezelwa ngamashishini ebhanki.
Elinye lamaqela asayinileyo kule meko yorhwebo yi-Unicaja ngokusebenzisa iMali mboleko yeNkampani yokuQala, ejolise kubantu abancinci abagcina le profayile xa besenza isicelo sentambo yetyala. Ngayiphi na imeko, ibonakalisiwe kuba ngaphakathi kwemeko zayo zesivumelwano iyavuma ukubakho kokunciphisa intlawulo yenyanga ekufuneka beyihlawule. Inika isixa esifikelela kwi-80% yotyalo-mali, nge ubuninzi 18.000 euro. Abamkeli bayo, kwelinye icala, baya kuba nexesha elifikelela kwiminyaka emi-5 yokuyibuyisa, ngokuhambelana neminye imithombo yezemali yendalo eyahlukileyo.
Esinye isindululo esibonisa ukuba siyathandeka ekuthumeleni le nkxaso-mali phakathi kwabathengi abanolu phawu luvela kuBanco Sabadell. Ikhethe ukunikezela ngeMali mboleko yoShishino, ethi isebenzele ukukhuthaza iiprojekthi zokuziqesha kunye neendlela eziqhelekileyo zeshishini. Kule meko, ixhasa ngemali lonke utyalomali. Ukubala ixesha lokubuya kwayo ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emi-5. Iyaziwa ngokuba icamngca ngexesha leenyanga ezili-12. Kwaye kuyo nayiphi na imeko phantsi kwesicelo se inzala emiselweyo kunye nee-commissions ezisezantsi.
Isibonelelo sebhanki sangoku sabarhwebi abatsha sigqityiwe ngomnye umfuziselo onezibonelelo ezifanayo kwaye onokwanelisa umnqweno wabo bafuna ukuthengiswa. Le yiMali-mboleko yeShishini ekhuthazwe yi-ING ngqo ukuze oosomashishini abancinci benze ezabo iindlela zeshishini. Abazisebenzelayo bavelisa i- inzala ye-6,95% yeNIR (7,18% APR). Ngaphandle kwayo nayiphi na ikhomishini enokuthi inyuse iindleko zokugqibela zale mveliso, njengenye yegalelo layo elifanelekileyo xa kuthelekiswa nokunikezelwa kokhuphiswano.
IiMicrocredits zoosomashishini
Ii-Microcredits yimali mboleko encinci eyenzelwe abantu abanobunzima obukhulu ekufikeleleni kwimveli yemali yezemali. Ayithengiswa kuphela ukuze ihlangabezane neemfuno zayo zentlalo, kodwa kuvulwe iwindow ukwenzela ukuba eli candelo lobuchule likwazi ukufikelela kwezi modeli, kunye nezibonelelo ezinkulu. Olu luvo lokuba iMicrobank (ibhanki yezentlalo ekhethekileyo kulo hlobo lweemveliso kwaye ixhomekeke kwiLa Caixa) sele ikhula kangangeminyaka eliqela ukulungiselela ukuvumelana kwabo. Ukubonelela ngokungacacanga ii-microcredits zoosomashishini, oosomashishini abasebenza ngokukhululekileyo kunye namashishini amancinci. Ngamnye kubo phantsi kweempawu zakhe ngokwemiqathango yokuqesha.
Esinye sezindululo zayo eziphambili sivela kwiiMicrocredits zooSomashishini, ezijolise kubachwephesha nakwabasebenza ngokukhululekileyo kunye Ingeniso yonyaka engaphantsi kwama-60.000 euros, kunye namashishini amancinci anabasebenzi abangaphantsi kwe-10 kunye nengeniso engekho ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezibini ze-euro ngonyaka. Inika yonke iprojekthi, ngesixa esona siphezulu sama-25.000 eeuros. Iyathengiswa ngexesha lokuhlawula iminyaka emi-6, enokubandakanywa, ngokuzikhethela, ixesha lobabalo elifikelela kwiinyanga ezi-6. Kwaye kuyo nayiphi na imeko, ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso sokwenyani, njengesixhobo esitsha sokumiliselwa kwayo.
Zithini iinjongo?
Ukuba wena ngokwakho unoluvo ofuna ukuluhlakulela, unokucela enye yezi khredithi sikutyhilele zona. Kuba eyona ngxaki iphambili koosomashishini abatsha sisiqalo sabo kuba ukunqongophala kwezixhobo zoqoqosho ngomnye weyona miqobo mikhulu kubo. Ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba libenze bayeke ukuzama kwiimeko ezininzi. Ngale njongo engqondweni, le mizila ekhethekileyo yekhredithi yenziwe ukuba ibe luncedo olukhulu kuwe ngexesha elithile ebomini bakho. Nangona kuza uyayithobela imiqathango ekuqeshweni kwakho. Kungenxa yokuba sisibonelelo sokwanda okucacileyo eSpain. Ngaphezulu kwezinye iindlela zokuxhasa ngemali.
Kuzo zonke iimeko, ngaphandle kweemfuno eziyakufunwa kwiibhanki ngokwazo, kubalulekile ukuba thaca iprojekthi enomtsalane nengcebiso. Kodwa ngaphezu kwako konke oko kuyinyani kwaye bayabona ukuba inokwenzeka ngokucacileyo. Esi sesinye sezitshixo sokukuboleka imali kwezi mpawu. Ngaphezulu kwempendulo yakho yokubuyisa isixa ukusukela kumhla obekiweyo kunokwenziwa kube bhetyebhetye ngokuxhomekeke kuphuhliso lwenkampani yakho okanye kumgca weshishini. Yinto ekufuneka uyilindele ngaphambi kokuba uye kwisebe lakho lebhanki ukufumana inkxaso-mali ehambelanayo kwaye eyahlula kwezinye iindlela ngokubanzi zekhredithi okanye ubuncinci ezingachazwanga kangako.
Izibonelelo kule nkxaso-mali
Ewe kunjalo, ezi khredithi zibonelela ngothotho lwezibonelelo ezingekhoyo kwezinye iindawo zokufumana imali ezinikezelwa ziibhanki ngalo mzuzu. Ukuqala, bakunika Izibonelelo ezikhulu zokuhlawulela izixa kwaye oko kuyenzeka ngokubandakanywa kwexesha lobabalo elinokuba nomdla kakhulu kwimidla yakho yobungcali. Kwelinye icala, ziikhredithi ezinokuxoxwa ngaphambi kokuba zisayinwe. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukwimeko efanelekileyo ukuphucula iimeko zakho. Ubuncinci bokuhlawula ukhuphiswano ngezavenge kwinyanga nganye kunakwimvelaphi yalo. Ngokonga okubaluleke kakhulu okuya kukunceda ukuba wabele esi sixa-mali kwezinye iimfuno zophuhliso lweshishini lakho elincinci okanye eleshishini.
Kuya kufuneka ukhulise iprojekthi yobungcali ukuze ibango livunywe. Ukuba kunjalo, uya kuba nomhlaba omninzi ngaphambili kuba unokukhetha nenqanaba lenzala elifunekayo kunelo bebekhe bakunika lona ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. IiKhomishini ziya kuba zincinci kunakwimigca yokuthenga ngetyala yabantu okanye ubuncinci bokusebenzisa. Ngale nto usebenzisa esi sicwangciso sorhwebo unokukhuthaza ukonga ngendlela eyanelisa kakhulu umdla wakho. Kwaye okokugqibela, yazi indlela yokuxoxa. Ngokonga okubaluleke kakhulu oku kuya kukunceda ukuba wabele esi sixa-mali kwezinye iimfuno zophuhliso lweshishini lakho elincinci okanye kwishishini.