INgxowa-mali yesiQinisekiso seDiphozithi (FGD) yindawo yotshintshiselwano yokonga ekufuneka amaziko emali ahlawule kuyo ilahleko yabantu abafake imali ukuhlawula amatyala alo naliphi na iziko. Kodwa azisebenzi kuzo zonke iimveliso zezezimali, kude nayo. Ayifumaneki kutyalo-mali kwii-equity ngazo zonke iimveliso zayo: ukuthengwa nokuthengiswa kwezabelo kwimarike yemasheya, iimali zotyalo-mali, iziqinisekiso okanye nayiphi na enye into enje. Enye into eyahlukileyo ngokubhekisele kwiimodeli ezivela kwingeniso esisigxina. Apho iimeko azifani ngokufanayo njengoko kulindelwe ngabagcini.
Ewe, kweli klasi leemveliso ezilungiselelwe ukonga, kuphela kwifayile ye- idizithi yexesha kunye neakhawunti yokonga, iiNgxowa-mali zokuQinisekiswa kweDepos ziyenziwa. Kwimeko apho ukubhengezwa okanye ukupheliswa kwezinto ezikhoyo, oko kukuthi, kwibhanki apho kugcinwe khona imali. Eli linyathelo lokhuselo eliqale ukusebenza ukusukela ngo-2011 ngeenjongo zokukhusela abathengi kwinto enokwenzeka ukuba le meko ingathandekiyo kwimidla yabo.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho umda kusetyenziso lwayo. Kuba, eneneni, inomda ophezulu we ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100.000 euro ngumnini kunye nokufaka okanye ukujonga iakhawunti. Ukuze ngale ndlela, ukuba ukubhengezwa kweebhanki okanye ukunyamalala kwebhanki okanye kwezemali kwenzeke, unokufumana kwakhona ukonga ukuya kuthi ga kwimida emiselweyo. Ngenxa yeli nqanaba ukhuselekoKucetyiswa kakhulu ukuba ungabhalisi irhafu yekota okanye iakhawunti yokonga kwimali engaphezu kwe-100.000 euros. Kungenxa yokuba zonke iimali ezingaphezulu kweli nani uzakuphulukana nazo ngaphandle kweminye imeko echazwe apha ngasentla.
Isiqinisekiso kulondolozo
Abagcinisi mali, ngale ndlela, banendlela esebenzayo phambi kwabo ukuze bangaphulukani nokonga kwabo, njengoko bekunjalo kude kube ngo-2010. Apho ubunakho. balahlekelwe yiyo yonke imali ukonga ngokudiphozitha ixesha okanye iiakhawunti ezinengeniso ephezulu. Ukongeza, umda we-100.000 euros uluncedo kakhulu kubasindisi kuba le minikelo yezoqoqosho kunqabile ukuba idlule. Akumangalisi ukuba yingxowa yokonga engafumanekiyo kubatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi. Ukuba kungekuphela nje kokufikelela kwabambalwa abanelungelo. Ngamandla okuthenga aphezulu afumanekayo kwingeniso yosapho.
Kwelinye icala, imveliso ifana kakhulu needipozithi ezinje nge amanqaku ezithembiso zebhanki Uxolelwe kule nqanaba lokhuselo. Oko kukuthi, ukuba ibhanki apho unekhontrakthi kwimveliso yezemali iyasilela, ewe ungaphulukana nayo yonke imali oyigcinileyo. Imali oyirhumele kule modeli yolondolozo ayinamsebenzi. Ke ngoko, yenye yeengxaki ezinkulu kule mveliso. Ngale ndlela, kuyacetyiswa ngakumbi ukukhetha iidiphozithi zekota. Phakathi kwezinye izizathu kuba uya kuba nemali ekhuselekileyo, ubuncinci ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100.000 euros esele ikhankanyiwe.
Azisebenzi kwizabelo
Ngokuchasene noko, iNgxowa-mali yesiQinisekiso seDiphozithi ayisebenzi kuyo nayiphi na imveliso evela kwimveliso engenayo. Ayisiyiyo kuphela kutyalomali ngqo kwimarike yemasheya, kodwa kuzo zonke. Ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba nabo kubandakanya yonke imali yotyalo mali, kubandakanywa nengeniso esisigxina okanye yemali. Ngaphandle kokukhethelwa ngaphandle kwalo naluphi na uhlobo kwaye oko kukwenza ube sesichengeni ngakumbi kolu hlobo lomngcipheko kwimali yakho yokujonga. Yinto ekufuneka uqhele kuyo ukusukela ngoku. Ukuthintela iimeko ezingafunekiyo kuwe, kuba kunokubiza imali eninzi kunokuba ubucinga ekuqaleni.
Kwelinye icala, iNgxowa-mali yesiQinisekiso seDiphozithi ayisetyenziswanga kwiziphumo, kwikamva okanye kutyalo-mali kwezinye iiasethi zemali. Ngayiphi na imeko, kwaye ngokubhekisele ekuthengweni nasekuthengisweni kwezabelo kwimarike yemasheya, kuya kufuneka ukhumbule ezinye zeelahleko onokuzifumana ukuba inkampani edwelisiweyo iye yabhanga okanye iyeka ukurhweba kwiimarike zezabelo. Ngenxa yokuba iimpembelelo zayo ziya kubulala ngakumbi ukuya kuthi ga kwimeko yokujonga iakhawunti yakho. Phakathi kwezinye izizathu kuba uya kuphulukana nayo yonke iminikelo yemali ziphuhliswe kutyalo-mali. Ngenkqubo eza kuhlalutywa ukuze ukwazi ukuyicamngca ngezi zihlandlo zichanekileyo.
Ukurhoxiswa koluhlu kwimarike yemasheya
Iinkampani ezidweliswe kwii-equities kwaye zingena kwi-bankruptcy ziyekiswe ngokukhawuleza ukurhweba yinkampani. Ikhomishini yeSizwe yeNtengiso (CNMV). Le nyaniso yequmrhu ineziphumo ezibini ezisisiseko kwizikhundla zakho. Ngendlela eyimeko yexeshana kwaye baphinde baqala ukuqikelela kwiimarike zemali kwiinyanga ezimbalwa emva kokuvelisa le meko yoyikwa kakhulu ngabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi. Ewe, kule meko kuphela kokuba iya kuhlala isisombululo ukufika kwalo mzuzu ulindelweyo. Kuba okoko nje oku kungenzeki, utyalo-mali lwakho aluyi kuba nanto, oko kukuthi, zero.
Izabelo zakho ziya kubuyela kurhwebo xa ukuvalwa kusamisiwe yimibutho elawulayo. Kodwa kwangaphambili kwangaphambili phantsi kwesaphulelo esibalulekileyo kumaxabiso abo. Ke kuyakuthatha ixesha elide ukufumana ixabiso lokuthenga, ukuba liyaphumelela ekupheleni kosuku. Oku kwenzekile kutshanje ngolunye ukhuseleko kwimarike yaseSpain eqhubekayo, enje nge ligeza. Apho izabelo zabuyela kurhwebo emva kweminyaka eliqela kwimeko yokungasebenzi. Apho ungenakuthengisa khona izabelo zakho, ngaphandle kwetyala elikhethekileyo elifana nelo siza kukuveza ngokulandelayo.
Yiya kwiimarike zesekondari
Into ekuphela kwayo enokubangela ukuba uphinde ufumane amatyala kukuya kwimarike yesibini. Kulapho unokuthengisa khona izikhundla ezivulekileyo kwimarike yemasheya. Kodwa iphantsi ixabiso liphantsi kakhulu ngaphezu kwelo liphawulwe kwikowuti yakho yokugqibela. Ukongeza, ayizukuqiniseka into yokuba unokwenza ukuthengisa kube semthethweni ngenxa yokunqongophala okukhulu kwabafakizicelo. Ayilolize, ngeli xesha ukuxabiseka kotyalo-mali lwakho kuya kuba lilize. Ngapha koko, kuphela kwendlela onokuthi ungaphulukani nayo yonke imali oyityalileyo. Ukuba akunjalo, ngokuchaseneyo, iya kuba yinxalenye kuphela, nangona ibaluleke kakhulu kwimali yokusebenza.
Ezinye zezona ngxaki zisilelayo kule ntshukumo kukuba nangona izabelo zakho zingadweliswanga kwiimarike zemali, ibhanki yakho iyakubiza imali. ikhomishini yesondlo qho ngonyaka. Ngeendleko ezingaphezulu kakhulu, kodwa oko kuyakubonisa ingxaki enkulu kwimicimbi yakho yabucala. Ngokukhutshwa kwemali okuphakathi kwe-5 ukuya kwi-20 ye-euro minyaka le, kuxhomekeke kwinkunzi etyalwe imali. Ngethuba elincinci lokuphuma kule nkqubo inzima ujongene nayo ngoku. Ungayilibali ukusukela ngoku kuba inokwenzeka kuwe ukuba ngaba ungabhengezwa njengongenamali okanye ungene kubhengezo.
Ukunqunyanyiswa okwethutyana kuluhlu
Ngokuchasene noko, ukuba le meko ikhethekileyo iyenzeka, uya kuba nethuba elincinci lokufumana kwakhona imali yakho. Ngale nto, awuzukukhetha ngaphandle kokulinda ixesha elinokulibaziseka iminyaka egqithileyo ngaphandle kokuba ukwazi ukulahla izabelo zakho kwiinkampani ezichaphazelekayo ezidwelisiweyo. Inkqubo eya kuthi iqine njengoko igalelo lakho lezemali liya lifuna ngakumbi. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba inokuvelisa ngaphezulu kwesingxaki esinye esiya kukuhlawula kwimizamo emininzi yokuphuma kuyo. Yinto ongafanele uyilibale ukuba uza kutyala imali kwiimarike zezemali,
Ngayiphi na imeko, abo bagqithile kule nkqubo yokumiswa kuluhlu ayizizo iimeko ezizodwa. Malunga namaxabiso amathandathu okanye asixhenxe adlulile kule trance ngokungathandabuzekiyo konakalise amakhulu namakhulu abatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi. Ukusukela ngoku uzokuyazi into enokwenzeka kuwe ukuba inkampani otyala kuyo imali iyabandakanyeka kwezi ziganeko zibaluleke kakhulu kubo bonke abatyali mali ngokubanzi.
Iinkampani zinqunyanyisiwe kwimarike yemasheya
Ngale ndlela, elinye lamatyala okugqibela yayilelo Itekhnoloji yeGowex Okushiye abanini zabelo bengenayo imali abayigcinileyo, ngelo xesha bebaninzi. Ngenxa yokuthandwa yinkampani yayiqhubeka inyuka isenyuka kwiimarike ze-equity. Kude kube kufikwa kumanqanaba atsale ingqalelo yeearhente zezemali ezijongene nokubeka iliso kuphuhliso lwexabiso lazo. Ngenxa yesiphumo sonke esele sisazi, ngelishwa kubatyali mali ababebanjisiwe kwizenzo zabo. Akumangalisi ukuba balahlekelwe yimali abayigcinileyo ngendlela eqinisekileyo.
Amanye amatyala aziwa kubo bonke ibingawo kaMartinsa Fadesa, Renta Corporativa, Sniace nakwiPascanova ethile. Zonke izilumkiso kubahambi ngeenqanawa malunga nemingcipheko yokutyala imali kwiinkampani ezingacetyiswanga kubatyali mali. Ngaphandle kwento eyenzekileyo kutsha nje kubatyali zimali abaziwayo base Banco emva kokufunxwa yi Santander. Kwaye kuyeyona nto inzima kakhulu kwizabelo zeSpain. Apho bekukho inani elifanelekileyo labatyali zimali zentengiso.