Umsebenzi wecandelo learhente yokuthengiswa kwezindlu ngo-2019 ngokungathandabuzekiyo iya kuphawulwa yidrop mortgage eqala ukubonwa ngeli xesha. Ngokwiphepha le- iintlawulo ezongezelelweyo kwiikomkhulu nolawulo lwezindlu eziqeshisayo. Ziya kuba zizinto ezifanelekileyo kakhulu zokwazi ukuba likwalixesha elifanelekileyo lokutyala imali kukhuseleko kwicandelo lezitena ngokwesiko laseSpain. Kumthambo oza kuphuhliswa unamathandabuzo amaninzi ngenxa yezinye iimeko kuqoqosho ngokubanzi.
Kwelinye icala, ayinakulityalwa ngenxa yokubaluleka kwayo ngokukodwa ukuba ukucotha koqoqosho lwaseSpain, okuqinisekisiweyo yi-European Central Bank (ECB), kususa isiporho malunga ibhola elitsha, kulo mhlaba izindlu nomhlaba. Le yimeko ephakamisa ukuthandabuza okukhulu phakathi kwabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi. Ngaphandle kokuqwalaselwa kobuchwephesha kumaxabiso esitokhwe abonisa eli candelo libalulekileyo kuqoqosho lwaseSpain.
Ngayiphi na imeko, kufuneka sichaphazele nezinye izinto eziya kuthi zisinike umqondiso ongaqhelekanga malunga nendlela yokuhamba kwe imisebenzi yokuthengisa izindlu nomhlaba. Yenziwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ukusukela ekuthengiseni nasekuthengiseni izabelo kukhuseleko lweli candelo libalulekileyo lezabelo zeSpain kutyalo mali nje lwezitena. Oko kukuthi, ukuthenga iiflethi ngenjongo yokwenza inzuzo kwixesha elifutshane, kwixesha elifutshane. Ngaphandle kokuyeka ezinye iindlela zokutyala imali kule asethi yemali ithandwa kakhulu ngabatyali zimali abancinci nabaphakathi.
Icandelo learhente yokuthengisa izindlu nomhlaba: imali mboleko
Inani leemali ezibanjiswe emakhaya zingama-30.356, 20,4, 2017% ngaphezulu kunango-Okthobha ka-126.926, ngokutsho kweNational Institute of Statistics (INE). Apho kuboniswa khona ukuba isixa esiphakathi yi-XNUMX euro, ene-a Ukunyuka nge-4,6%. Ixabiso eliphakathi lobambiso olubhaliswe kwiirejista zepropathi ngo-Okthobha (kwizenzo zikarhulumente zangaphambili) yi-138.171 ye-euro, i-5,8% isezantsi kunenyanga enye ngo-2017.
Ngelixa kwelinye icala, enye idatha efanelekileyo evela kwi-INE kukuba ixabiso lobambiso olwenziwe kwiipropathi zasezidolophini lifikelela kwi-5.594,4 yezigidi zeerandi, i-13,5% ngaphezulu kunango-Okthobha ka-2017. imali ebolekiweyo imi kwizigidi ezingama-3.853,0, inyuke ngonyaka ngama-25,9%. Kwelinye icala, kukwakho nefuthe kwinto yokuba kweli xesha lihlalutyiweyo, kwimali-mboleko eyenziwe kwiipropathi zizonke ngo-Okthobha, i-avareji yenqanaba lenzala ekuqaleni yi-2,57% (4,3% isezantsi kunaleyo ka-Okthobha u-2017 ) kunye nexesha eliqhelekileyo leminyaka engama-23.
Utshintsho kwimali mboleko yobambiso
Iipesenti ezingama-62,4% zemali mboleko zikwiqondo lenzala eyahlukileyo kunye nama-37,6% kwizinga elimiselweyo. Umyinge wenzala kwinqanaba lokuqala yi-2,35% ye iqondo lobambiso lwexabiso eliguqukayo (3,5% isezantsi kuno-Okthobha 2017) kunye ne-3,06% yenqanaba elimiselweyo (9,1% isezantsi). Ukufikelela ekugqibeleni kwisigqibo sokuba i-5.355 yemali mboleko eneenguqu kwiimeko zabo, i-46,3% ngenxa yotshintsho kumazinga enzala. Emva kotshintsho lweemeko, ipesenteji yemali ebekiweyo yemali ebekiweyo inyuke ukusuka kwi-10,0% ukuya kwi-15,1%, ngelixa eyemali ebolekisayo yehla ukusuka kuma-88,7% ukuya kuma-83,4%.
I-Euribor linqanaba apho ipesenti ephezulu yemali-mboleko eguqukayo ibhekisa kuyo, zombini ngaphambi kotshintsho (76,4%) nasemva (77,5%). Emva kwe ukuguqulwa kweemeko, Umndilili wenzala kwimali mboleko kwiqondo lobungakanani bemali ebekiweyo yehla ngamanqaku ayi-1,0. Iimali ezibolekwa ngamanani eziguquguqukayo nawo awile amanqaku e-1,0. Zonke ezi datha zibonisa ukuba kukho imfuno enkulu yale mveliso ibalulekileyo yezemali, isenenqanaba lenzala elikhuphisanayo kwimidla yabasebenzisi. Nangona imiqondiso yokuqala sele iqatshelwe malunga nokunyuka kwexabiso kwibenchmark yaseYurophu, i-Euribor, esele inyukile kangangeenyanga ezimbalwa emva kokurhweba kwi-low lows.
Qeshisa ngophahla
Enye yeenkqubo zotyalo-mali zenziwe ngombala wezindlu, kakhulu iziphumo ezilungileyo kubaninizo. Ayothusi into yokuba ayinakulityalwa ukuba lo mthetho wokuhlala kwezindlu unenzuzo kwaye ungaphezulu kwezinye iiasethi zemali. Ngale ndlela, kukho idatha efanelekileyo njengoko ixabiso lokurenta likhule kancinci ngaphezulu kwe-15% kwikota yesithathu ka-2018. Le datha isebenza ibonisa elona xabiso liphezulu lifikelelweyo kule minyaka ili-10 idlulileyo, ebandakanya ixesha apho ingxaki yezoqoqosho iphuhlisiwe.
Njengomphumo wale meko inyukayo yerenti, abanini ngeli xesha baya kuba nenzuzo kufutshane ne-15%. Ipesenti ethi nakweyiphi na imeko ingavelisi naluphi na uhlobo lweemveliso zezemali, nokuba kungumvuzo ongaqwalaselwanga okanye kumvuzo oguqukayo. Kwanele ukukhumbula ukuba ezona mveliso ziphambili zebhanki (iidipozithi zexesha elimisiweyo, iibhondi okanye iiakhawunti ezinengeniso ephezulu) zigqithile kwinqanaba le-0,5%. Ngenxa yexabiso eliphantsi lemali kwaye oko kukhokelele ekubeni inzuzo yayo ibe kwimbali esezantsi iminyaka eliqela ngoku.
Ngaba kukho umngcipheko webhabhalaza yokuthengiswa kwezindlu?
Olunye lolona loyiko lubalulekileyo lokuba iiarhente zezezimali nezoqoqosho zibambe kukuba kwiinyanga okanye kwiminyaka ezayo into ekuthethwa ngayo kakhulu malunga nokuthengiswa kwezindlu kungagqabhuka. Ngale ndlela, uluvo lweengcali zecandelo lubonisa ukuba iimeko azikabikho ukuba liphume ukususela ngoku. Ubuncinci kwixesha elifutshane, lelona linomdla kakhulu kubatyali mali. Yintoni echaseneyo, ukuba ibonakala kwintengiso yezitena kukuba ixabiso lezindlu liphelile ukushushubeza, ngakumbi kwizixeko ezikhulu zaseSpain.
Ukusuka kule meko ngokubanzi, ayinakukhutshelwa ngaphandle, kodwa izimvo ziya kwelinye icala kwaye zilumkise kuphela ngomngcipheko wokuba ixabiso lezindlu liza kuhamba ikhula inyanga nenyanga. Ayothusi into yokuba kuya kubakho ixesha apho lo mkhwa ungayi kuba nandlela yimbi ngaphandle kokumodareyitha. Le yingxaki ekhethekileyo ekhoyo eSpain hayi kwamanye amazwe kwindawo esihlala kuyo. Lo ngumba ngokungathandabuzekiyo onokuthi uphele uchaphazela amaxabiso kwicandelo lokwakha kwizabelo zamashishini esizwe
Ukuthengwa nokuthengiswa kwamagumbi
Le misebenzi ikhule nge-13% kunyaka ophelileyo, nangona kungakho umahluko omncinci ukusukela ngoku. Ngale ndlela, izifundo ezahlukeneyo kunye neengxelo ezivela kwicandelo zibonisa ukuba kumaxabiso ezindlu e-2019 aya kunyuka, ukusuka kwi-1.650 euros kwimitha yesikwere ngoku kuthengiswa ngayo malunga ne-1.800 euros kwimitha nganye nganye. Ngayiphi na imeko, kubonakala ngathi kunxaxha okungaphantsi kunoko kwaveliswa kwiminyaka edlulileyo. Ngoku into ekuzakufuneka ihlolwe kukuba ingaba lo nyaka uza kuvelisa indawo yokutshintsha ekuthengweni nasekuthengisweni kwamakhaya.
Kwelinye icala, kukho umnqweno wenxalenye elungileyo yabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi ukuze batyale imali abayigcinileyo kwezokhuseleko kwicandelo ubulungisa belizwe. Ingangumbono olungileyo, kodwa ithwala umngcipheko omkhulu kwaye kukuzivelela kwezi marike zezimali kulo nyaka sikuwo. Awunakulibala ukuba i-Ibex 35 yehle nje ngaphezulu kwe-15% kunyaka odlulileyo wokuthengisa. Imingcipheko, ke, kunokuba ifihliwe kwinqanaba lokuba ungazishiya ngokwakho ii-euro ezininzi apha endleleni.
Ulwabiwo lwesahlulo
Kwelinye icala, ezinye zezi nkampani zidwelisiweyo zisasaza isahlulo esikhulu phakathi kwabanini zabelo, ngenzala eqala kuyo phakathi kwe-3% kunye ne-6%. Njengengeniso emiselweyo kwaye iqinisekisiwe unyaka nonyaka, nantoni na eyenzekayo kwiimarike zezabelo. Njengesicwangciso esiliqili sokwenza ingeniso esisigxina ngaphakathi kokungafaniyo kwaye kuthintelwe imida yokulamla ebuthathaka enikezelwa okwangoku ngeemveliso ezahlukileyo zokonga kunye notyalo mali. Ngesicwangciso esisekwe kwixesha eliphakathi nelide kwaye esijolise kwiprofayili echazwe kakuhle yabatyali-mali: umsebenzisi okhuselayo ofuna ukugcina ulondolozo lwabo ngaphezulu kwezinye izinto eziqwalaselwayo.
Ubuncinci kwixesha elifutshane, lelona linomdla kakhulu kubatyali mali. Yintoni echaseneyo, ukuba ibonakala kwimarike yezitena kukuba ixabiso lezindlu liyatshisa, ngakumbi kwizixeko ezikhulu zaseSpain. Ngaphaya kokunye ukuthathelwa ingqalelo kwezobuchwephesha nakwindawo yokujonga izinto ezisisiseko. Kukuphi i-X-ray yeli candelo libalulekileyo kuqoqosho lwaseSpain kwaye yenye yeentandokazi yinxalenye elungileyo yabasebenzisi belizwe lethu ngalo mzuzu kanye.
Le misebenzi ikhule nge-13% kunyaka ophelileyo, nangona kungakho umahluko omncinci ukusukela ngoku. Ngale ndlela, izifundo ezahlukeneyo kunye neengxelo ezivela kwicandelo zibonisa ukuba kuma-2019 amaxabiso ezindlu aya kunyuka, ukusuka kwi-1.650 ye-euro kwimitha yesikwere ngoku kuthengiswa ngayo malunga ne-1.800 ye-euro ngesikwere semitha.