Ibhanki yotyalo-mali yaseMelika uMorgan Stanley uhlaziye uqikelelo lweebhanki zaseSpain emva kokuba i-European Central Bank (i-ECB) ibhengeze ngoLwesine isigqibo sayo sokugcina inzala kwi-0% ubuncinci kude kube sisiqingatha sokuqala sika-2020. ukwenza ipotifoliyo yotyalo-mali xa ubuya kwiiholide. Eyona njongo iphambili yokwenza ukonga kunenzuzo kwixesha elifutshane. Nangona kunjalo, esi sigqibo siya kuxhomekeka ekubeni isigqibo se nyusa inzala kulindeleke kwikota yokuqala yonyaka olandelayo.
Kodwa ayizukuba lelo candelo lodwa elinokuzibeka kulo ngeli xesha lonyaka. Ukuba akunjalo, ngokuchaseneyo, kukho abanye abanokwenza njengendawo yokusabela kwiinyanga zokugqibela zonyaka. Apho enye yeendawo ekujongwe kuzo iya kuba yile Banco Santander lolunye ukhuseleko olunamandla amakhulu okukhula. Kuba, ngenene, amaziko asebhankini otyalo-mali akholelwa ekubeni imakethi ayiwamkeli amandla okwehliswa kweendleko eSantander kunye nomoya ophantsi onokubakho wezithintelo kulawulo lweFederal Reserve. Ke ngoko, nikela ingqalelo kweli xabiso libalulekileyo kwi-Ibex 35.
Akumangalisi ke ukuba sizokujongana nenye yezona ndawo zintle zeemarike zezabelo zonyaka. Apho uphononongo luye lwaba yinto eqhelekileyo kwiminyaka edlulileyo kwaye ekhatshwa yimveli Irally yeqela lekrisimesi. Apho kukho ukukhula kuhlumo lwamaxabiso kwinqanaba le-5% okanye le-10%. Ke ngoko, kufuneka siyilungiselele le meko intsha kulo nyaka ngokusebenzisa ipotifoliyo yezokhuseleko elungelelene kakhulu kuwo onke amacandelo.
Amacandelo engxoweni: ulwakhiwo
Alithandabuzeki elokuba ukuba iimarike zentengiso zinyuka kule nxalenye yokugqibela yonyaka, elinye lamacandelo emarike yemasheya eliza kutsala ii-indices eziphambili kukwakha. Oko akukho klasi yamathandabuzo kwicala labahlalutyi abaphambili bezemali. Ngokunyuka koqingqo-maxabiso ngamandla ngakumbi kunakwelinye icandelo lezabelo. Ngale ndlela, iFerrovial inokuba yinyani ithuba lo shishino ngenxa yokuphakama okwangoku. Ngamandla okuhlaziya angabalulekanga, ngakumbi ukuba imeko ngokubanzi yeemarike zezabelo iyanyusa ngeli xesha.
Ngelixa kwelinye icala, ukubekwa kwindawo enokwenzeka Inkampani yokwakha ye-ACS Oko kubonisa umba wobugcisa ongenakubethwa. Nokuba oku kuyeyona nto inzima ngamaxesha eemarike zezabelo. Ngokwalo mbono, izikhundla zinokuvulwa kweli xabiso libalulekileyo le-Ibex 35 kuba linokuthatha ithuba lokusebenza ngcono kwiimarike zezabelo. Inenzuzo ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi kumaxesha andisiweyo oqoqosho lwesizwe nolwamanye amazwe.
Amabhanki athengisa ngesaphulelo
Ukuba ngoku likho icandelo elingaxatyiswanga ngokucacileyo, alikho elinye icandelo lebhanki. Ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba le yi-annus horribilis apho yehle khona ngamandla amakhulu. Njengomphumo wesigqibo se KwiBhanki ePhambili yeYurophu (ECB) yokunganyusi amaxabiso enzala kwindawo ye-euro kwaye oko kukhokelele kwizibonelelo zeebhanki zehlile ngeli xesha. Kwaye oko kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni ithengise ngokusondeleyo kumaxesha ayo onke. Ngamanye amaxesha, umzekelo eBanco Sabadell ngezantsi kweyunithi enye ye-euro. Njengobuthathaka bamanye amaziko.
Kwelinye icala, ayinakulityalwa ukuba umjikelo wezoqoqosho awuhambisani nokuziphatha kwawo njengeyona yanelisayo kunayo yonke. Ngothotho lwemibuzo ngoku evulelekileyo kubatyali zimali abancinci nabaphakathi malunga nokuba kuyacetyiswa na ukuvula izikhundla kwicandelo. Apho uluvo lukhona ukuba olu khuseleko lunakho tshintsha imeko yakho ngasekupheleni konyaka. Kwaye ke banokubanakho ukuphinda bavavanye izabelo zabo kubaluleke kakhulu kunangoku. Oko kukuthi, emva kwayo yonke loo nto, imalunga nantoni na kwilizwe lotyalo-mali.
Ukuqwalaselwa kwamaxabiso okujikeleza
Ukuba kukho icandelo elinokuyenza ngokwenene kwimarike yemasheya, akukho mathandabuzo ukuba ziitokhwe ezijikelezayo. Kodwa ukwenza njalo, kuyakufuneka iphucule amathuba kuqoqosho lwamanye amazwe. Ewe kunjalo, kuphela kwendlela yokwenza ngcono kunakuzo zonke izindululo zentengiso yesitokhwe ezenza indices zengeniso yesizwe. Ngaphandle kolunye uthotho lokuqwalaselwa kwendalo yezobugcisa kwaye mhlawumbi nakwimbono yokujonga izinto ezisisiseko. Ngayiphi na imeko, lukhetho lotyalo mali ekufuneka lubenjalo nxiba iradar ukulinganisa ukubanakho ukuzibandakanya kwipotfoliyo yakho elandelayo yotyalo-mali.
Ngelixa kwelinye icala, kuyinyani ukuba yenye yeendlela ezinoburharha ukujongana nemarike yemasheya kwezi nyanga ziseleyo zonyaka. Ukuze umnqweno wakho ekudala ulindelwe uzalisekiswe ukuze ufumane eyona mbuyekezo ibalaseleyo kwimali oyigcinileyo ukusukela ngoku. Ngokukodwa, kwizindululo kwimarike yemasheya enje Arcelor Mittal okanye iAcerinox. Nangona ivela kwizikhundla ezibonakaliswa kukungazinzi okuphezulu. Oko kukuthi, umahluko obaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwamaxabiso aphezulu kunye neyona isezantsi kwaye unokulula ngokulula amanqanaba e-5%.
Ukutya njengendawo yokusabela
Kuhlala kukho ukhetho lokubhenela kweli candelo lee-equity ukuba imeko yentengiso yesitokhwe ayisiyiyo efanelekileyo kule nxalenye yokugqibela yonyaka. Phakathi kwezinye izizathu, kuba unokusikhusela kwiinkqubo ezingazinzanga kakhulu kwiimarike ze-equity. Njengolukhuseleko apho indawo elungileyo yabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi basabela khona. Kunye isivuno esihle sezahlulo kwaye banokuba nokuziphatha okungcono kunabanye. Izizathu ezaneleyo zokukhetha esi sicwangciso-mali sikhethekileyo.
Kwelinye icala, la maxabiso athanda ukubandezeleka ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elincinci lokuwa kweemarike zezabelo, kokubini kuzwelonke nangaphandle kwemida yethu. Ngobungakanani obuphezulu bokulingana ekwenziweni kwamaxabiso. Kuzo zonke iimeko, akukho mathandabuzo ukuba siya kukhuselwa ngakumbi kunangaphambili kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo imarike yemasheya ibingagcinwanga kuzo zonke iindlela. Ukongeza, iyakusebenza njengesikhokelo samanyathelo okuhlala enxulunyaniswa neemarike zezimali kwezi nyanga zizayo.
Khetha ezinye iindawo zamanye amazwe
Esona kuphela isabelo osinaso okwangoku kukuba isithembiso esibonelelwa ngamasheya aseSpain sifutshane kakhulu. Ngamaxabiso ambalwa kakhulu ahlangabezana nezi mpawu zichaziweyo kwaye ke kuya kufuneka ucinge ngcono ngesigqibo sabo sokugqibela. Nokuba uthini na umgangatho wobuchwephesha oboniswa ngala maxabiso esitokhwe esitokhwe. Nangona ungasoloko uye kwezinye iindawo zamazwe aphesheya apho ezi asethi zemali zikhona ngakumbi. Umzekelo, kwingxowa ye I-United States okanye iGreat Britain.
Kwimeko yokugqibela, awunakukhetha ngaphandle kokuthatha iindleko eziphezulu zomsebenzi ngenxa yokuba baphethe iikhomishini ezithe kratya ngenxa yolawulo okanye ulondolozo lwabo. Kodwa kwinxalenye elungileyo yeziganeko, ungathandabuzi ukuba kuya kuba kufanelekile ukwenza esi sicwangciso sotyalo mali. Kuba iziphumo kuwo onke amatyala ziya kuba ntle ngakumbi kunangoku. Yeyiphi ekupheleni kosuku okubandakanyekileyo kwezi meko ngaphezulu kolunye uthotho lweendlela zotyalo-mali ezihlasela ngakumbi.
Kuphephe ukuwa engxoweni
Xa iimarike zentengiso zisokola ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezi-4 okanye ii-5% mihla le, kukho into engahambi kakuhle kwimarike yemasheya kwaye, ilahleko inokufakwa kwizibalo kangangeenyanga ezininzi. Kwangokunjalo, ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo kunokuba kukuqina okukhulu okubonisa ukungazinzi kweemarike kwaye kuphela ngabatyali mali abanamava abathathe inxaxheba kwezi ntshukumo ziphazamisayo. Kukho amaxabiso anokuphulukana nokufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-6% emini, nto leyo ebonisa ingozi enkulu yotyalo-mali ngoku.
Kwanele ukukhumbula ukuba umtyali-mali otyale i-10.000 euros, umzekelo, uya kulahleka ngaloo mhla inani elingenakuqwalaselwa le-euro ezingama-500 kwaye ukuba bayaqhubeka nokuhamba, ilahleko inokufikelela kwi-1.000, 2.000, 3.000… i-euro. Kwaye mhlawumbi kwiinyanga ezimbalwa, kodwa akunakulindeleka ukuba kude kufikelelwe kumaxabiso okuthenga, kudlula iminyaka embalwa, kugqwetha utyalo-mali olwenziwe ngabasebenzisi. Kungenxa yoko le nto xa ukungazinzi kubeka kwiimarike zesitokhwe, abatyali mali abathengisayo kufuneka bakhethe ukushenxa kubo kwaye bancedwe ngabanye abanamava ngakumbi abangathandabuziyo ukujongana nale mingcipheko.