I-BME, ngokusebenzisa iBilbao Stock Exchange, iyavuma ukuthengisa ngomso umba omtsha weebhondi ezinzileyo ezisungulwe nguRhulumente waseBasque Isixa semali engama-600 ezigidi ze-euro. Iibhondi zinexesha leminyaka eli-10 (ukukhula kwabo kokugqibela kucwangciselwe u-Epreli 30, 2029) kwaye baya kufumana isigqebhezana sonyaka esiyi-1,125%. Lo mbandela uyinxalenye yokugunyaziswa koRhulumente waseBasque wangoFebruwari 5 ukuba enze imisebenzi yexesha elide yezemali isixa esikhulu se-1.260,53 yezigidi zeerandi.
INorbolsa, i-BBVA kunye neCrédit Agricole basebenze njengabaQuquzeleli beHlabathi kwaye bekunye ne-HSBC, iSantander, iBanco Sabadell kunye neCaixabank baye baba ziiNcwadi eziDibeneyo ekubekweni komcimbi. Kwelinye icala, kufanele ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba kolu hlelo, uRhulumente waseBasque unenqanaba kudidi oluchazwe njenge-A3, oko kukuthi, umbono ozinzileyo, kaMoody's; A +, umbono oqinisekileyo, nge-S & P; kunye no-A - umbono ozinzileyo, nguFitch. Umcimbi ufumene ukulinganiswa kwawo kwe-A3 / A- nguMoody kunye noFitch, ngokwahlukeneyo.
Kule meko, ngumba wesibini weebhondi ezinzileyo ezisungulwe ngurhulumente waseBasque kule minyaka idlulileyo neyamkelweyo kurhwebo yiSpanish Stock Exchanges kunye neeMarket (BME). Apho, ukukhutshwa kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwesakhelo se Iinjongo zoPhuhliso oluZinzileyo lweZizwe eziManyeneyo (ODS) kwaye kubandakanya iiprojekthi kwezemfundo, ezempilo, inkqubela phambili kwezoqoqosho, ukudalwa kwemisebenzi okanye amandla ahlaziyekayo, phakathi kwezinye zezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwicandelo lentsebenziswano.
Iibhondi zaseBasque: inzuzo yabo
Le mveliso intsha evela kumvuzo oqhelekileyo wengingqi yimbuyekezo yonyaka kulondolozo 1,125%. Ayisiyimbuyekezo enzima kakhulu kubasindisi abancinci nabaphakathi, nangona ibonelela ngenzala emiselweyo kwaye iqinisekisiwe minyaka le ngaphezulu kweemveliso zebhanki eziphambili. Phakathi kwabo, iidipozithi zexesha elimiselweyo, amanqaku ezithembiso zebhanki kunye naluphi na uhlobo lwetyala loluntu. Ngokuchanekileyo kule yokugqibela, izilinganiso ezibonisa iifandesi zamva nje zibonisa ukuba ibhondi yeminyaka emi-5 ibonelela ngesivuno sonyaka esi-0,175%, ngokucacileyo ngezantsi kwale mveliso intsha yemali.
Ayisiyonto inenzuzo okwangoku, kodwa injalo yenzelwe iiprofayili zotyalo mali. Apho bakhetha ukugcina ulondolozo lwabo ngaphezulu kwezinye izinto ezinoburharha. Nangona kunjalo, enye yeenzuzo ezichaphazelekayo kukuba banokubhaliselwa kwixabiso elifikelelekayo kuwo onke amakhaya. Ngokungafaniyo nokuthengwa kunye nokuthengiswa kwezabelo kwimarike yemasheya ezifuna imfuneko enkulu yemali. Ukuba yenye yezona zinto zahluke kakhulu kubume bemveliso eyahluke ngokupheleleyo.
Enye ifomathi: IiBond zikaRhulumente
Zezokhuseleko lwexeshana elifutshane ezimelwe kuphela kungeniso lweencwadi. Zenziwe ngoJuni ka-1987, xa iiNtengiso zeNtengiso yeTyala loLuntu zaqala ukusebenza. Ngokumalunga neebhili, zikhutshwa kwifandesi. Elona xabiso lincinci lesicelo ngasinye yile ukusuka kwi-euro ezingama-1.000, kunye nezicelo zedipozithi ephezulu kufuneka zibe zizi-1.000 ze-euro. Ngokubhekisele kubume bayo ngokubanzi, ezi zezokhuseleko ezikhutshwe ngesaphulelo ukuze ixabiso labo lokufumana lingaphantsi kunemali eza kufunyanwa ngumtyalomali ngexesha lokukhululwa. Umahluko phakathi kwexabiso lokuhlawulelwa kweBhili (i-euro ezingamawaka) kunye nexabiso layo lokufumana iya kuba ngumdla okanye isivuno esiveliswe nguMthetho oYilwayo kaNondyebo.
Kwelinye icala, kubalulekile ukukhankanya ukuba iibhondi zikarhulumente kunye nezibophelelo kukhuseleko olukhutshwa nguNondyebo ixesha elide. Zombini iimveliso zezezimali ziyafana kuzo zonke iimpawu zazo ngaphandle kwekota, ethi kwimeko yeebhondi iphakathi kweminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-5, ngelixa ikwiibhondi ingaphezulu kweminyaka emi-5. Ziyakhutshwa ngefandesi yokhuphiswano kwaye elona xabiso lisezantsi elinokucelwa kwifandesi zii-euro ezingama-1.000 XNUMX, kwaye izicelo zamanani aphezulu kufuneka ziphindaphindwe zale mali ikhankanywe ngasentla.
Ngokwe-3 kunye ne-5 iminyaka
Okwangoku uNondyebo ukhupha i-3 kunye ne-5 yeminyaka yeebond, ngelixa izibophelelo zinexesha elide kakhulu lokusisigxina, oko kukuthi Iminyaka eli-10, 15 nengama-30. Kwelinye icala, amaziko ezemali ngokubanzi aseke iikhomishini zokuthengisa ukhuseleko kwiirhafu zabo, eziphakathi kwe-0,10% kunye ne-1,00% yexabiso eliphantsi lentengiselwano kunye nexabiso eliza kuncitshiswa kwixabiso lentengiso. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba lonke ukhuseleko lukaNondyebo lungathengiswa ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwintengiso yesibini. Ukulungiselela le nto, kwanele ukunika iodolo yokuthengisa kwiziko lezemali apho bafunyanwa khona.
Ngokumalunga nalo mba, kufuneka kugxininiswe ukuba xa umtyali-mali ethatha isigqibo sokuthengisa ukhuseleko kwimakethi yesibini, unokufumana ilahleko kutyalo-mali alwenzileyo ekuqaleni, olungenzekiyo. ukuba izibambiso zigcinelwe ukukhula. Enye yezinto ezinomtsalane kukuba imbuyekezo iqokelelwa ekuqaleni kwekhontrakthi yayo kwaye akuyi kuba yimfuneko ukulinda ukukhula kwayo ukuba ibe nemali eninzi kwiakhawunti yokonga, njengoko kusenzeka, umzekelo, kwiidipozithi zebhanki zexesha elimiselweyo. Ngayiphi na imeko, iyimveliso ekhuselekileyo ngokupheleleyo enesiqinisekiso sikarhulumente esipheleleyo.
Ziziphi iimbophelelo zokuthanda izwe?
Babeyimveliso ethandwa kakhulu kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, kodwa isibheno sabo sinqabile kakhulu. Zizibophelelo ezikhutshwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezizimeleyo zelizwe lethu. Oko kukuthi, ngokusasazwa eCastilla y León, kwiiIqithi zeBalearic, eMadrid, kwiLizwe laseBasque okanye eGalicia. Ngophawu lokuba ngamnye kubo unikezela ngenzuzo eyahlukileyo. Ukuhamba kwimiphetho ehamba ukusuka kwi-1% ukuya kwi-6% kuxhomekeke kusasazo lwayo. Ngamaxesha aguqukayo okusisigxina phakathi kwabo bonke kwaye bahamba phakathi kwe-12 kunye neenyanga ezingama-48, ukuze bakwazi ukuziqhelanisa nazo zonke iiprofayili zabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi.
Ngelixa kwelinye icala, ezo zibophelelwe njengebhondi yokuthanda izwe ayisoloko ifumaneka kwisibonelelo esivelisiweyo. ezivela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezizimeleyo. Ukuba akunjalo, ngokuchaseneyo, ubukho balo ngalo mzuzu bunqabile ngenxa yeengxaki zokuxhasa ngemali izinto ezizimeleyo. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba kunzima kakhulu ukubafumana ngalo mzuzu kanye. Le yintsingiselo eqhelekileyo ebiphindaphindeka ukusukela ngeengxaki zokugqibela zoqoqosho. Zimbalwa kuphela izindululo ezichaziweyo eziye zavela kunikezelo kule klasi yeemveliso.
Imida eyahlukeneyo kwinzuzo
Inyaniso yokuba iqondo lenzala elinikezelwa ziibhondi zokuthand 'izwe zahlukile ngenxa yomngcipheko ngamnye wabo awuphetheyo. Apho inzuzo ephezulu kakhulu ikwangaphezulu. Ngelixa kwelinye icala, ezo zivelisa inzala ethozamileyo, ejikeleze iipesenti ezi-1 okanye ezi-2%, zezo unikeze ukhuseleko olungakumbi kwaye umngcipheko wehla ngokuphawulekayo. Konke oku kusekelwe kumanqaku anikezelwe ziiarhente zokureyitha. Ngale ndlela, kunye nokunika umzekelo osebenzayo, ukukhutshwa kweebhondi eCatalonia kuvelisa eyona nzuzo iphezulu kuba umngcipheko wayo ngoku uphezulu. Zimbalwa kuphela izindululo ezichaziweyo eziye zavela kunikezelo kule klasi yeemveliso ezijolise kutyalo-mali lwabucala nolwabucala.
Ezi mpawu zizinto eziqhelekileyo kule mveliso ezijolise ekongeni kwaye kwangaxeshanye zivumela abatyali zimali abancinci nabaphakathi ukuba bakhethe eyona modeli bayifunayo. Apho kufuneka udibanise inzuzo kunye nomngcipheko kwiibhondi zokuthanda izwe. Ukufezekisa ulingano olulinganayo olusekwe kuzo zonke ezi zinto zixabisekileyo. Ngemiba ekhoyo ngeemali ezahlukileyo zokwenza isivumelwano. Ngaphaya kokunye ukuqwalaselwa kobuchwephesha kwaye mhlawumbi nakwindawo yokujonga izinto ezisisiseko.
Izinto eziluncedo zezi mveliso
Izibonelelo eziveliswa ngokungena kwezi modeli zokonga kufuneka ziboniswe. Phakathi kwezo zivelele le minikelo ilandelayo esiyibhengeza apha ngezantsi:
- Banikezela nge inzuzo ezinzileyo nangona incinci kakhulu kwimidla yabanini bayo.
- Unokukhetha phakathi iimodeli ezahlukeneyo ikhontrakthi esekwe kwiimfuno zokwenyani zabasebenzisi bebhanki.
- Inzuzo yakho ihlawuliswa ekuqaleni ngokusesikweni kwayo kwaye ayikakhuli ukuba ivelise umtsalane omkhulu wokurhuma.
- Zenziwe nge imihla ebekiweyo isigxina kwaye ke sinikezele ngoguquko olukhulu lokuyiqesha ngalo naliphi na ixesha.
- Ziimveliso ezikhoyo kuvunywe liqumrhu loluntu kwaye hayi ngasese kwaye ngale ndlela inokwenza ukhuseleko olukhulu kwinzuzo eveliswe ziibhondi.
- Yimveliso Imvelaphi yengeniso esisigxina kwaye oku kuthetha ukuba inzuzo yabo incinci kakhulu kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi zikumanqanaba asezantsi, njengoko kunjalo ngoku.
- Ayisiyomveliso yemali ehambelanayo, kodwa ngokuchaseneyo kukho iifomathi ezahlukeneyo ezinokuqeshwa: iibhondi zikarhulumente, iibhondi zokuthand 'izwe, njl.
- Okokugqibela, akukho mathandabuzo ukuba yenye into onokukhetha kuyo ukwenza ukuba ukonga kwakho kunenzuzo.