Unyaka we-2018 ibingunyaka onzima kakhulu kwimarike yaseSpain yokuwa kufutshane ne-15% kwi-Ibex 35, elona nani limbi kule minyaka idlulileyo. Nangona eyona nto imbi kakhulu yeyokuba phantse yonke imali yotyalo-mali evezwe kwizabelo zaseSpain ibomvu ebomvu kulo nyaka unzima. Le nto ikhokele abaphathi bengxowa-mali yotyalo-mali ukuba bahlengahlengise izicwangciso-qhinga zabo ukuze bakhe iipotfoliyo zotyalo-mali. ikhuselekile kwaye inokhuphiswano ngakumbi kanye. Ngenjongo yokuba kulo nyaka inzuzo yemali ihlawulwe ngophawu oluqinisekileyo.
Ngesi sizathu, ayothusi into yokuba imali yotyalo-mali ngoku ityale ikakhulu iinkampani, ngenxa yemodeli yeshishini labo okanye ngokunxulumene nomjikelo wezoqoqosho, eziveza amathuba otyalo mali. uhlaziyo kwixesha eliphakathi. Ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukileyo zotyalo-mali kwaye ezinokwahluka kukhangelo lwenzuzo okanye ngokuchaseneyo, jolisa kulindelo onokulufumana kwixesha eliphakathi nelide. Zezinye zezona ndlela zibalaseleyo ezinokubonelelwa yingxowa-mali ngalo mzuzu. Ngaphaya kokunye ukuqwalaselwa kobuchwephesha kwaye mhlawumbi ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga izinto ezisisiseko.
Ngale ndlela, elinye lamaqhinga asetyenziswa ngabaphathi belizwe nakwamanye amazwe lijolise ekujoliseni amaxabiso emarike yemasheya angalahlekanga ngaphezulu kwe-10% kwi-2018 kwaye phakathi kwazo ezi zindululo zilandelayo zibonakala. Inditex, Grifols okanye CAF njengeemodeli ezifanelekileyo zeemarike zezabelo zamazwe. Kwinto emiselweyo njengenye yeefomathi zokuzikhusela ngaphakathi kutyalo mali olusekwe kwizabelo. Ngamanye amagama, khetha ubuncinci bezohlwayo kwiinyanga zokugqibela zoluhlu lwabo.
Iimali: dibanisa iimarike ezininzi
Esinye sezicwangciso ezisetyenziswa ngabaphathi bamanye amazwe sisekwe kwinkqubo enokuba yinzuzo kakhulu kwezi zinyanga zimbalwa zizayo. Isicwangciso sotyalo-mali siza kwenzeka kule meko ukuze sibonakale ngakumbi kwii-equities zabakhupheli baseSpain, enye ikwii-equity zabakhupheli European Union. Ukuziqhelanisa oko kuthetha ukuba kuyakubakho iyantlukwano enkulu kwipotfoliyo yezokhuseleko enokuthi incede ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokungazinzi okukhulu kwiimarike zezabelo.
Kwelinye icala, ezi mali zixhasanayo zinokubandakanya ezinye zezabelo EUnited States. Kuba ngoku, oku kuyaqhubeka nokuba yenye yeemarike zezabelo ezingafanelekanga ukuba zisilele kuyo nayiphi na ipotifoliyo yotyalo-mali exabisa ityuwa yayo. Nangona ukuya kumgangatho omncinci kunakwiminyaka edlulileyo, ngenxa yokuba eyona indices yeemarike zentengiso ziye zaxabisa kakhulu kule minyaka isibhozo idlulileyo. Ngokuhlaziywa kusondele kakhulu kwi-100%, ethi kwintengiso yemasheya ithi lukhulu, kwaye nangayiphi na imeko ingaphezulu kwamacandelo ezemali kwilizwekazi elidala.
Ulawulo lotyalo-mali olusebenzayo
Enye indawo yalo nyaka kukuba ulawulo lotyalo-mali lwethu malubonakale. Oko kukuthi, eyona njongo yakho iphambili ayizukubakho enye ngaphandle kwesiphelo betha inqanaba eliphindaphindayo ngalo. Kwelinye icala, asinakulibala okwangoku ukuba olu hlobo lolawulo lubonakala ngokusisiseko kuba iindleko zalo, iindleko zalo ngokubanzi ziphantsi kakhulu kwaye zicacile kwaye kulula ukuzilandela ngabatyali zimali abancinci nabaphakathi. Ukunikezela ngaphezulu kwayo yonke inqanaba eliphezulu lokwahlukahlukana. Njengesiphumo esineempawu, akukho mathandabuzo okuba, kwixesha eliphakathi nelide, basebenza ngcono kunemali eninzi ephethwe ngokukuko.
Kwelinye icala, kufanele ukuba kuqatshelwe koku ukuba olu hlobo lolawulo lotyalo-mali lukhetheke ngakumbi lusebenza ngakumbi amaxesha okungazinzi kwiimarike zezabelo. Ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba inzuzo ethile inokufezekiswa ngamaxesha okungazinzi okukhulu kunye nokungazinzi kwiimarike zezabelo. Ayothusi into yokuba kuqheleke kakhulu ukuba iipotfoliyo zotyalo mali zihlaziywe kumaxesha ngamaxesha kwaye zilungelelaniswe neemeko ezintsha ezibonakaliswa ziimarike zezemali. Kukuphi okunye kweempawu zayo ezinkulu zokuzazisa nangaphezulu kwezinye izinto eziqwalaselweyo.
Ulwahlulo oluchanekileyo
Umahluko olungileyo kwiasethi yemali ngoyena ndoqo kwimpumelelo yeemali zotyalo-mali eziphuhliswe ngabaphathi bezemali. Kuba, enyanisweni, ekupheleni kosuku ayisiyonto yokudibanisa ngaphandle kokuqonda, kodwa ngokuchaseneyo kuyimfuneko ngokupheleleyo ukuba bayancedisana kwaye banokunika ixabiso elongeziweyo kutyalo mali. Kuyinyani ukuba ayizizo zonke ezi mveliso zezemali ezizalisekisayo olu phawu lubalulekileyo, kodwa nakweyiphi na ke yona ekufuneka ifunelwe ikhontrakthi kamva.
Kwelinye icala, iyantlukwano yokucacisa ngakumbi ezi mveliso zokonga yenziwe ngendlela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezizama ukufumanisa ukuba inzuzo ekugqibeleni iphezulu. Ngomsebenzi ozinzileyo kwaye ngaphezu kwayo yonke into ephindaphindayo. Oku kufanele ukuba kube yenye yeenjongo eziphambili ekufuneka zifezekiswe yimali. Nokuba yeyiphi na indalo, ngokusekwe kwingeniso engaguqukiyo kunye neguquguqukayo, ezemali, izinto ezingasetyenziswanga okanye ezinye iindlela ezizezinye. Ekupheleni kosuku kumalunga nokufumana umdla owanelisa kakhulu kwimidla yabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi.
Zibonelela ngantoni iimali?
Nje ukuba ufunde ezi ngcebiso zokutyala imali ngezi mveliso zisisiseko kulo naluphi na uhlobo lotyalo-mali, lixesha lokuba ufumanise ukuba le mveliso isinika ntoni kutyalo-mali olucocekileyo nolulula. Njengoko uza kubona, mininzi imirhumo equka ukwenziwa ngokusemthethweni kwayo.
Inzuzo. Utyalomali oluhlanganyelweyo kunye nokwahluka komngcipheko kunika ithuba kutyalo mali lomntu ngamnye lokufumana imbuyekezo ehlengahlengisiweyo kumngcipheko ocingelwayo.
Utywala. Zonke iimali ezinikezelwa ngabaphathi abaninzi, kuzwelonke nakwamanye amazwe, zinemali yonke imihla ukuze kwisithuba seentsuku ezi-5 ubuyiselwe imali yakho kwiakhawunti yokujonga kwaye ngaphandle kweengxaki ezinkulu.
Irhafu yeemali zotyalo mali
Enye yeenzuzo ezinkulu zengxowa-mali yotyalo-mali yirhafu yabo. Iya kuhlawuliswa kuphela xa uthatha isigqibo sokubuyisa imali yakho. Ngale ndlela, inzuzo eyenziweyo iya kuba yinxalenye yotyalo-mali lwakho. bucala ngasekhohlo irhafu isebenza kubantu ngabanye nakubemi baseSpain. Ukongeza, ngokungafaniyo nezinye iimveliso, ingeniso eyenziweyo ithathwa njengengeniso eyinkunzi kwaye inqanaba lokurhafiswa kwabo liqhubela phambili ngokuxhomekeke kwinzuzo eyinkunzi efunyenweyo. Nokuba ithini na imeko yezomthetho (umntu wendalo, umhlali, njl. Njl.), Inzuzo efunyenweyo ixhomekeke, ngokubanzi, ekubanjweni kwe-19%.
Ewe kunjalo, oku kunokuba sisikhuthazo esinye sokufumana olu hlobo lweemveliso zemali. Ngaphandle kwabanye Ukuqwalaselwa kobugcisa Kwaye ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga izinto ezisisiseko. Ngokukodwa xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iimveliso ezenzelwe ukutyala imali, njengokuthenga kunye nokuthengisa izabelo kwimarike yemasheya. Okanye iimveliso ezinobunkunkqele ezithwala umngcipheko omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwaye ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga irhafu ayinakuba ngumdla wokuqesha. Eli licandelo ekufuneka ulithathele ingqalelo kwezi zihlandlo zichanekileyo.
Utshintshelo ukusuka kwingxowa-mali ukuya kwenye
Inani lotshintsho likuvumela ukuba udlulise utyalomali lwakho ususe kwenye ingxowa-mali uye kwenye ngaphandle kweendleko zerhafu. Oku kuyakuvumela ukuba ukhethe eyona ngxowa mali inika umdla ngokusekwe kwiimfuno zakho kunye nolindelo ngalo lonke ixesha. Y ngaphandle kweendleko zemali. Kuya kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba imali yotyalo-mali yenziwe ngohlobo lotyalo-mali oluhlangeneyo olwenziwe linani elikhulu labatyali zimali ababizwa ngokuba ngabathathi-nxaxheba.
Le fomyula yotyalo-mali ivumela utyalomali lomntu ngamnye ukuba afikelele kuzo zonke iimarike kunye nezixhobo zemali. Nokuba yeyiphi iqhinga lotyalo-mali okanye umgaqo-nkqubo kwingxowa-mali nganye, zonke ziyahluka-hlula kutyalo-mali kwii-asethi ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo enciphisa umngcipheko xa kuthelekiswa notyalo-mali olubeka yonke imali yalo kwindawo enye.
Yimveliso elawulwayo
Kwelinye icala, ukusebenzisana kwemali yenye yezona mveliso zilawulwa kakhulu kwimarike. Zonke iimali zotyalo-mali zibhalisiwe kwaye zigadwe yiKhomishini kaZwelonke yoKhuseleko lweMarike, iqumrhu elijongene nokujongwa kunye nokwenza izinto elubala kulawulo lwengxowa-mali. Phakathi kwezibophelelo ezifunwa yi-CNMV kukhupha Ulwazi lwamaxesha kwizikhundla zengxowa-mali, utshintsho, njalo njalo, kwaye olo lwazi luhlala lusexesheni kwaye luyafumaneka kulowo uthatha inxaxheba / kumtyali mali.
Ukukhethwa komphathi omnye okanye omnye, njengebhanki egcinwe imali, yenye yeenguqu ekufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo xa ukhetha ingxowa mali. Ngesi sizathu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ujonge abaphathi bengxowa mali yotyalo-mali abanengxelo efanelekileyo kakhulu ngokwenzuzo yonyaka eveliswe lolu didi lweemveliso.