Kusekho ithemba lokuba isiphelo esihle sokuqhubana kwethu neemarike zezemali sizokufikelela esiphelweni ngeli xesha unyaka onzima ebiyiyo yemarike yaseSpain. Iphi i ukulahlekelwa ngaphezulu kwe-10% xa inqanaba locaphulo lwesalathiso esikhethiweyo sengeniso yesizwe eguquguqukayo, i-Ibex 35, ifikelela ubuncinci kule minyaka mithathu idlulileyo. Ngokwaphula inkxaso ebalulekileyo ebekwe kwiindawo ezingama-9.000. Eli nyathelo likhokelele ekusweleni kwethemba elihleli kwindawo elungileyo yabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi.
Ngayiphi na imeko, kusekho ngaphezulu nje kwenyanga ukuba imarike yesitokhwe iphele kwaye kukho ithemba lokuba le meko inokutshintsha. Kodwa ngokugqibeleleyo ukuba ubuncinci ugcine ifanitshala kweli xesha lokugqibela lonyaka. Ingakumbi ngotshintsho kwimisebenzi esele siyenzile ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Ukongeza, asinakulibala ukuba sijongane nokufika okulindelweyo kwemveli Irally yeqela lekrisimesi Kwaye kule minyaka izayo ilayishwe ngonyuselo olubalulekileyo kwixabiso lesikowuteshini.
Enye yezinto eziphambili ngokubaluleka ngeli xesha lifutshane iya kuba kukusebenzisa amathuba oshishino avelayo ukusukela ngoku. Kodwa oko kufuneka kukhatshwe ngokwahluka kwezinye kubuchule bakho botyalo-mali. Ukudityaniswa kwezi nkqubo zimbini ukunxulumana nehlabathi lemali kufanele kukusebenzele, hayi kuphela ukwenza iiasethi zakho zobuqu zibe nenzuzo ngeli xesha. Kodwa ngokuchaseneyo, iya kuba sisixhobo esinamandla sokwenza khusela izikhundla zakho nakweyiphi na intengiso yemali. Leyo iya kuba yinjongo yakho ngoku.
Isicwangciso sokuqala: thatha ithuba ngamaxabiso asezantsi
Ewe, kwezi ntsuku akufuneki uphulukane nokuba ndlongondlongo ngamanye amaxesha okonyusa intengiso ye-equity. Ukuthatha ithuba lokuba kwezi ntsuku iingxowa zihlala kwithemba, phantse ngokubanzi kwaye ngaphandle konyaka ophelileyo, umzekelo kunyaka ophelileyo. Ayothusi into yokuba kwinyanga enye isalathiso sezabelo seSpain sinokunyuka ngomyinge we-5% kwimeko embi kakhulu. Apho amaxabiso asohlwaywa kakhulu aya kuba ngawona aphakame kakhulu kwindawo yokugcina ixesha nangaphezulu.
Kwelinye icala, awungekhe ulibale ukuba kunemali eninzi eya kwintengiso yemasheya kwezi ntsuku. Kunye ivolumu yokurhweba ephezulu kakhulu kwaye oko kubonisa ukungena kwezinto ezininzi ezithengwayo kwiimarike ze-equity. Ukusuka kule meko ngokubanzi, unokufumana ukubuyela okuphezulu kwizikhundla zakho kwimarike yemasheya. Le yenye yeempawu eziye zafunyanwa kweli xesha likhethekileyo lonyaka kubo bonke abantu.
Isicwangciso sesibini: dibanisa nezinye iiasethi
Ungabususa umngcipheko obandakanyekayo kurhwebo kwimarike yemasheya kancinane ngokwahluka kogcino kwezinye iiasethi zemali. Ingakumbi ezo zithathwe kwi- iimveliso zebhanki (iidipozithi zexesha elimisiweyo, amanqaku ezithembiso zeshishini okanye iiakhawunti ezihlawula kakhulu). Ngale ndlela, uya kube ukhusela igalelo lakho lezoqoqosho ngokuchasene neemeko zokungazinzi kwiimarike zezabelo. Phakathi kwezinye izizathu kuba baya kukubonelela ngembuyekezo emiselweyo neqinisekileyo ngonyaka. Ngezinga lenzala eliphakathi kwe-0,50% kunye ne-2%. Ewe ayisiyibhaso elindelekileyo, kodwa ubuncinci uya kuthintela ukuba nelahleko kwingxelo yakho yengeniso.
Ezi ntlobo zeemveliso zezemali ziluncedo kakhulu ngeli xesha ukusukela oko ukunyuka okulandelayo kwixabiso lemali kuya kuvelisa ukwanda kwinzuzo yakho kule minyaka imbalwa izayo. Okwangoku umdla kummandla we-euro yi-0%, elona nqanaba lisezantsi kwimbali. Kodwa isigqibo se KwiBhanki ePhambili yeYurophu (ECB) kukuphelisa le meko ingathandekiyo kulondolozo. Ngokunyuka kwenqanaba lokuqhubela phambili ukusukela kunyaka esiza kuqala ngawo. Ukusuka kule meko, kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu kwimidla yakho yobuqu yokuqalisa olu tyalomali kwingeniso esisigxina nangaphaya kwezinye izinto zobugcisa.
Isicwangciso sesithathu: buyela kwezinye iimodeli
Okokuqala, kuya kufuneka ucinge ukuba bukhona ubomi ngaphaya kwemarike yemasheya kwaye kule ndlela awuzukukhetha ngaphandle kokusebenzisa onke amathuba oshishino avelayo kwezi veki zingaphambi kokutshintsha konyaka. Njengoko abatyali mali bahlala besithi, amashishini avela nangaliphi na ixesha nangakumbi nangamaxesha aphezulu Ukuguquguquka kwemarike ezezimali Ngamandla aphezulu aphezulu njengoko bekubonwe kwiminyaka edlulileyo.
Izinketho onazo okwangoku zibanzi kakhulu. Kuya kufuneka ukhethe kwimarike yezemali ene-uptrend echazwe kakuhle. Ngaphantsi kwezi parameter, iimarike zentsimbi ezixabisekileyo zezona zinokuhlangabezana ngokufanelekileyo nemfuno yakho. Ngeeasethi zemali ezifanelekileyo ngokukodwa igolide, isilivere okanye iplatinam. Apho ezinye zazo zibonisa uphononongo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kulo nyaka kufutshane kakhulu ne-30%. Ipesenti intengiso yemasheya engayi kukubonelela ngayo, ngakumbi kwezi nyanga zinzima ukuze usebenze kwizikhundla zabo. Hayi ngelize, igolide ithathwa njengendawo ekhuselekileyo yexabiso ngokugqwesa kwaye apho abatyali mali abaninzi batyala imali xa imarike yemasheya ingahambi kwelona xesha lilungileyo.
Isicwangciso sesine: amaqonga okuthengisa izindlu nomhlaba
Ngexesha leminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, kuye kwavela uthotho lwamaqonga okuthengisa izindlu nomhlaba anokubonelela ngenzuzo efikelela kwi-13% kwimisebenzi yabo. Ngoncedo lokuba ungathatha izikhundla ngexabiso eliphantsi kuwo onke amakhaya, ukusuka kwi-euro ezingama-1.000 kuphela. Ngorhwebo lwayo lweeflethi, indawo yokuthengisa okanye iigaraji. Olu tyalo-mali lusekwe kwinto elula njengenxalenye yeprojekthi oyikhethayo. Nangona kunjalo, eyona nto iphambili kukuba kuya kufuneka ulinde de kuphele ukusebenza ukuze ubuyise imali.
Kuba ngenene, awuzukukhetha ngaphandle kokuba imali engenakwenziwa Ixesha leprojekthi yokuthengiswa kwezindlu. Olu hlobo lwentshukumo yotyalomali lufuna isigxina malunga neenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-16. Ngamanqanaba ahlukeneyo amaxabiso wenzala oza kuwufumana ekupheleni komsebenzi. Ezi projekthi ngokubanzi zinendawo yesizwe, kodwa nakwamanye amazwe ehlabathi. Kuxhomekeke kwisicwangciso seqonga ngalinye lezemali kwicandelo elingekavelisi kwilizwe lethu.
Isicwangciso sesihlanu: i-inshurensi yotyalo-mali
Ukuba ungomnye wabasebenzisi abacinga ukuba iidipozithi zekota zivelisa ukungonelanga, i-inshurensi yotyalo-mali inokuba sisisombululo esonelisayo kwiimfuno zakho zotyalo-mali Yimveliso yezemali engakhathalelwanga kakhulu ngabatyali zimali abancinci nabaphakathi abika ingxelo enomdla kubo bonke xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iimveliso ezikwimeko efanayo. Ukuya kwinqanaba apho uya kube ufumanekile fikelela kwi-3% ihleliwe kwaye iqinisekisiwe minyaka le. Nangona kungenakwenzeka ukuba kuhlangulwe, kungabikho nxalenye okanye kungabikho, xa isigxina kulolu hlobo lwe-inshorensi ekhethekileyo.
Kwelinye icala, babonelela ngezicwangciso zokuhlala ixesha elide kunesiqhelo, kunye nokukhula okuchaziweyo phakathi kweminyaka emi-10 neli-15. Isicwangciso esiliqili ngakumbi esijolise kwiprofayile yomsebenzisi yokuzikhusela. Apho ukhuseleko nokhuselo lokonga kulawula ngaphezulu kokunye ukuthathelwa ingqalelo. Ukuze kancinci kancinci uphuhlise ibhegi yolondolozo ezinzileyo kunye nenzuzo engaphantsi kokumkelekileyo. Ezi mveliso azithengiswa ziibhanki njengesiqhelo kwezi meko, kodwa ziinkampani zeinshurensi.
Isicwangciso sesithandathu: Irali yeKrisimesi
Ukuba ufuna ukwenza ingeniso eyinkunzi ekhoyo kwimarike yemasheya akukho mathandabuzo ukuba ngeli xesha lonyaka lilunge kakhulu kolu hlobo lomsebenzi. Ngokufika kwendibano yesiqhelo yeeholide zeKrisimesi, amaxabiso ezokhuseleko ayenyuka kule mihla ibaluleke kakhulu. Isenokuba sisihlandlo sokuba wenze ezinye ukusebenza kwexesha elifutshane ukukuthathela i-euro ezimbalwa. Oku kukuhamba kakhulu apho amaxabiso esitokhwe anokuphosa ngaphezulu kwe-3% kwiseshoni enye yorhwebo. Nangona benendlela encinci kwaye kuya kufuneka unike ingqalelo enkulu ekuphuhliseni ukuthengisa kwabo.
Ngayiphi na imeko, awunyanzelekanga ukuba ulahle utyalomali ngeli xesha lokugqibela lonyaka. Kuhlala kuphela ukuba ukhethe imodeli enokuthi ikhulise eyona nto inokubakho yokuhlaziywa kwinyanga ephelileyo yonyaka. Ukuze uwuvale unyaka ngoncumo emilebeni yakho kwaye ngale ndlela unokulungiselela unyaka ongakhange ubeyinto enomdla kwimidla yabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi. Apho ifayile ye- ukukhuselwa kwemali yakho Iya kuba yeyona njongo iphambili yezenzo zakho nangaphaya kwezinye iindlela zotyalo-mali.
Ngayiphi na imeko, iya kufuna ubuchule obuthile ekusebenzeni kuba sikwixesha elintsokothileyo elicacileyo ukuze ukwazi ukufikelela kwimbuyekezo enkulu njengangaphambili.